Investigating the Host-pathogen Interaction Between Vibrio Parahaemolyticus and Macrophages PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Investigating the Host-pathogen Interaction Between Vibrio Parahaemolyticus and Macrophages PDF full book. Access full book title Investigating the Host-pathogen Interaction Between Vibrio Parahaemolyticus and Macrophages by Brittany Vojnar. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Brittany Vojnar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 67
Book Description
Vibrio parahaemolyticus serovar O3:K6, the most common cause of bacterial seafood-related illness, is responsible for 48% of all reported Vibrio spp. infections in the United States. At this time, limited literature is available regarding organism pathogenesis and especially the host response and immunity to infection. It is well known that pathogenic bacteria may produce enzymes such as catalase (katE1, katE2), alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahpC1, ahpC2) and peroxiredoxins allowing for survival in toxic environments, specifically in the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Toward that end, we have hypothesized that V. parahaemolyticus utilizes its antioxidant capabilities, such as katE, ahpC, and other antioxidant associated enzymes, to survive in diverse environments, not just in the mammalian host. Here, we investigated the antioxidant genes involved in V. parahaemolyticus survival when exposed to toxic oxygen species present in separate models; in-vitro culture and murine BMDM infection. We determined that catalases such as katE1 and katE2 and the peroxiredoxin and reductant system involving ahpC1 and ahpF are required for survival in different models of exposure to ROS. Additionally, these antioxidant genes are regulated by OxyR. At this time, characterization of organism survival in varying environments will allow for a more complete understanding of organism virulence and survival in different hosts and environments providing a comprehensive understanding of Vibrio parahaemolyticus pathogenesis. Ultimately, the goal is to formulate treatment algorithms to facilitate pathogenic organism removal regardless of the host or environment.
Author: Brittany Vojnar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 67
Book Description
Vibrio parahaemolyticus serovar O3:K6, the most common cause of bacterial seafood-related illness, is responsible for 48% of all reported Vibrio spp. infections in the United States. At this time, limited literature is available regarding organism pathogenesis and especially the host response and immunity to infection. It is well known that pathogenic bacteria may produce enzymes such as catalase (katE1, katE2), alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahpC1, ahpC2) and peroxiredoxins allowing for survival in toxic environments, specifically in the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Toward that end, we have hypothesized that V. parahaemolyticus utilizes its antioxidant capabilities, such as katE, ahpC, and other antioxidant associated enzymes, to survive in diverse environments, not just in the mammalian host. Here, we investigated the antioxidant genes involved in V. parahaemolyticus survival when exposed to toxic oxygen species present in separate models; in-vitro culture and murine BMDM infection. We determined that catalases such as katE1 and katE2 and the peroxiredoxin and reductant system involving ahpC1 and ahpF are required for survival in different models of exposure to ROS. Additionally, these antioxidant genes are regulated by OxyR. At this time, characterization of organism survival in varying environments will allow for a more complete understanding of organism virulence and survival in different hosts and environments providing a comprehensive understanding of Vibrio parahaemolyticus pathogenesis. Ultimately, the goal is to formulate treatment algorithms to facilitate pathogenic organism removal regardless of the host or environment.
Author: Yelena Dunakova Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 77
Book Description
Vibrio parahaemolyticus serovar O3:K6, is the most common cause of bacterial seafood-related illness and is responsible for 48% of all reported Vibrio spp. infections in the United States. At this time, limited literature is available describing organism pathogenesis, especially regarding the host response and immunity to infection. Characterization of the macrophage response and organism survival during infection will provide a more comprehensive understanding of V. parahaemolyticus virulence and pathogenesis. Previously, we have investigated the antioxidant enzymes involved in V. parahaemolyticus survival when exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) found in oxidants such as H2O2, paraquat, t-BOOH, and cumene hydroperoxide and those produced by the macrophage during infection. We determined that organism survival was generally decreased upon exposure to ROS. RT-qPCR revealed that exposure to the ROS generated by the oxidant chemicals caused an upregulation in various OxyR1 regulated genes such as katE1&2, ahpC1, ahpF, and glutaredoxin. These same genes were also upregulated during U937 macrophage infection suggesting that they serve an important role in organism survival against ROS found in both of these environments. Currently, we are investigating the macrophage’s response during infection and working to develop an effective model representative of clinical infection. PMA stimulation was used to differentiate a monocyte cell line into fully differentiated, mature macrophage cells as the first step of development. In trying to characterize the response, we observed that infection in macrophage cells causes an increase in cell death, inflammatory cytokine production, and differential expression of macrophage surface markers. Investigating the host-pathogen interaction is significant as it allows us to better understand V. parahaemolyticus infection and will ultimately work towards the future development of new treatments to help vulnerable patients clear infections.
Author: Amal O. Amer Publisher: Frontiers E-books ISBN: 2889192806 Category : Apoptosis Languages : en Pages : 110
Book Description
Infectious disease is the result of an interactive relationship between a microbial pathogen and its host. In this interaction both the host and the pathogen attempt to manipulate each other using a complex network to maximize their respective survival probabilities. Programmed host cell death is a direct outcome of host-pathogen interaction and may benefit host or pathogen depending on microbial pathogenesis. Apoptosis and pyroptosis are two common programmed cell death types induced by various microbial infections. Apoptosis is non-inflammatory programmed cell death and can be triggered through intrinsic or extrinsic pathways and with or without the contribution of mitochondria. Pyroptosis is an inflammatory cell death and is typically triggered by caspase-1 after its activation by various inflammasomes. Microbial pathogens are able to modulate host apoptosis and pyroptosis through different triggers and pathways. The promotion and inhibition of host apoptosis and pyroptosis vary and depend on the microbe types, virulence, and phenotypes. For example, virulent pathogens and attenuated vaccine strains may use different pathways to modulate host cell death. Specific microbial genes may be responsible for the modulation of host cell death. Different host cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells, can undergo apoptosis and pyroptosis after microbial infections. The pathways of host apoptosis and pyroptosis induced by different microbes may also differ. Different methods can be used to study the interaction between microbes and host cell death system.
Author: Pascale Cossart Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1683670256 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Bacteria and Intracellularity clearly demonstrates that cellular microbiology as a field has reached maturity, extending beyond the strictly cellular level to infections of various organs and tissues. Decades of intense investigation into host-bacterial pathogen interactions have highlighted common concepts in intracellularity but also very diverse mechanisms underlying the various infections produced by bacteria. This book offers a wide-ranging look at the latest studies, including: foodborne pathogens, including how, when, and where bacteria interact with the gut and its microbiota infections of the urogenital tract, endothelial barriers, and the nervous system major advances in work with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. leprae subcellular microbiology, including metabolism of infected cells, nuclear biology, and microRNAs endosymbionts, in particular the latest work with Wolbachia and its effect on insect transmission of viral pathogens research into cell autonomous defense pathways that has led to major insights into immunology and innate immunity the latest developments in technology, for the next steps in the study of intracellularity All facets of cellular physiology, within the entire scope of cells and host tissues, can be targeted by pathogens. This book offers to researchers, students, and laboratorians a valuable overview of the state of current research into the cellular microbiology of host-pathogen interactions.
Author: Steffen Rupp Publisher: Humana Press ISBN: 9781617378249 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In recent decades, infectious diseases, once believed to be fairly contained, have become a vital, resurgent field of research. In Host-Pathogen Interactions: Methods and Protocols, top experts examine the relationship between the host and the pathogen, crucial in the outcome of an infection and the establishment of disease or asymptomatic, commensal colonization by organisms. The step-by-step laboratory methods and protocols of this volume study host-pathogen interaction, with a focus on fungal, bacterial and parasitic pathogens, at a molecular level in order to reveal the mechanisms of infection and to identify the vulnerabilities of the pathogen of interest. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, the chapters feature brief subject introductions, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Host-Pathogen Interactions: Methods and Protocols serves as an easy entry point for all those investigating the factors responsible for the pathogenicity of microorganisms.
Author: Kitty Verhoeckx Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319161040 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 341
Book Description
“Infogest” (Improving Health Properties of Food by Sharing our Knowledge on the Digestive Process) is an EU COST action/network in the domain of Food and Agriculture that will last for 4 years from April 4, 2011. Infogest aims at building an open international network of institutes undertaking multidisciplinary basic research on food digestion gathering scientists from different origins (food scientists, gut physiologists, nutritionists...). The network gathers 70 partners from academia, corresponding to a total of 29 countries. The three main scientific goals are: Identify the beneficial food components released in the gut during digestion; Support the effect of beneficial food components on human health; Promote harmonization of currently used digestion models Infogest meetings highlighted the need for a publication that would provide researchers with an insight into the advantages and disadvantages associated with the use of respective in vitro and ex vivo assays to evaluate the effects of foods and food bioactives on health. Such assays are particularly important in situations where a large number of foods/bioactives need to be screened rapidly and in a cost effective manner in order to ultimately identify lead foods/bioactives that can be the subject of in vivo assays. The book is an asset to researchers wishing to study the health benefits of their foods and food bioactives of interest and highlights which in vitro/ex vivo assays are of greatest relevance to their goals, what sort of outputs/data can be generated and, as noted above, highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the various assays. It is also an important resource for undergraduate students in the ‘food and health’ arena.
Author: Irina Vlasova-St. Louis Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1839626860 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
This book evaluates and comprehensively summarizes the scientific findings that have been achieved through RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology. RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling of healthy and diseased tissues allows FOR understanding the alterations in cellular phenotypes through the expression of differentially spliced RNA isoforms. Assessment of gene expression by RNA-Seq provides new insight into host response to pathogens, drugs, allergens, and other environmental triggers. RNA-Seq allows us to accurately capture all subtypes of RNA molecules, in any sequenced organism or single-cell type, under different experimental conditions. Merging genomics and transcriptomic profiling provides novel information underlying causative DNA mutations. Combining RNA-Seq with immunoprecipitation and cross-linking techniques is a clever multi-omics strategy assessing transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels of gene expression regulation.
Author: Mark Walderhaug Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781495203619 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
The Bad Bug Book 2nd Edition, released in 2012, provides current information about the major known agents that cause foodborne illness.Each chapter in this book is about a pathogen—a bacterium, virus, or parasite—or a natural toxin that can contaminate food and cause illness. The book contains scientific and technical information about the major pathogens that cause these kinds of illnesses.A separate “consumer box” in each chapter provides non-technical information, in everyday language. The boxes describe plainly what can make you sick and, more important, how to prevent it.The information provided in this handbook is abbreviated and general in nature, and is intended for practical use. It is not intended to be a comprehensive scientific or clinical reference.The Bad Bug Book is published by the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Author: Brittany Vojnar
Author: Brittany Vojnar
Author: Yelena Dunakova
Author: Amal O. Amer
Author: Pascale Cossart
Author: Lixing Huang
Author: Steffen Rupp
Author: Kitty Verhoeckx
Author: Irina Vlasova-St. Louis
Author: Mark Walderhaug
Author: Qing Wang