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Author: Jean Claude Sabonnadiere Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468487396 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 194
Book Description
The finite element method (FEM) has been understood, at least in principle, for more than 50 years. The integral formulation on which it is based has been known for a longer time (thanks to the work of Galerkin, Ritz, Courant and Hilbert,1.4 to mention the most important). However, the method could not be applied in a practical way since it involved the solution of a large number of linear or non-linear algebraic equations. Today it is quite common, with the aid of computers, to solve non-linear algebraic problems of several thousand equations. The necessary numerical methods and programming techniques are now an integral part of the teaching curriculum in most engineering schools. Mechanical engineers, confronted with very complicated structural problems, were the first to take advantage of advanced computational methods and high level languages (FORTRAN) to transform the mechanical models into algebraic equations (1956). In recent times (1960), the FEM has been studied by applied mathematicians and, having received rigorous treatment, has become a part of the more general study of partial differential equations, gradually replacing the finite difference method which had been considered the universal tool to solve these types of problems.
Author: Jean Claude Sabonnadiere Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1468487396 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 194
Book Description
The finite element method (FEM) has been understood, at least in principle, for more than 50 years. The integral formulation on which it is based has been known for a longer time (thanks to the work of Galerkin, Ritz, Courant and Hilbert,1.4 to mention the most important). However, the method could not be applied in a practical way since it involved the solution of a large number of linear or non-linear algebraic equations. Today it is quite common, with the aid of computers, to solve non-linear algebraic problems of several thousand equations. The necessary numerical methods and programming techniques are now an integral part of the teaching curriculum in most engineering schools. Mechanical engineers, confronted with very complicated structural problems, were the first to take advantage of advanced computational methods and high level languages (FORTRAN) to transform the mechanical models into algebraic equations (1956). In recent times (1960), the FEM has been studied by applied mathematicians and, having received rigorous treatment, has become a part of the more general study of partial differential equations, gradually replacing the finite difference method which had been considered the universal tool to solve these types of problems.
Author: Jean Mermet Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401119147 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 471
Book Description
The second half of this century will remain as the era of proliferation of electronic computers. They did exist before, but they were mechanical. During next century they may perform other mutations to become optical or molecular or even biological. Actually, all these aspects are only fancy dresses put on mathematical machines. This was always recognized to be true in the domain of software, where "machine" or "high level" languages are more or less rigourous, but immaterial, variations of the universaly accepted mathematical language aimed at specifying elementary operations, functions, algorithms and processes. But even a mathematical machine needs a physical support, and this is what hardware is all about. The invention of hardware description languages (HDL's) in the early 60's, was an attempt to stay longer at an abstract level in the design process and to push the stage of physical implementation up to the moment when no more technology independant decisions can be taken. It was also an answer to the continuous, exponential growth of complexity of systems to be designed. This problem is common to hardware and software and may explain why the syntax of hardware description languages has followed, with a reasonable delay of ten years, the evolution of the programming languages: at the end of the 60's they were" Algol like" , a decade later "Pascal like" and now they are "C or ADA-like". They have also integrated the new concepts of advanced software specification languages.
Author: EL HAMI Abdelkhalak Publisher: Lavoisier ISBN: 2746295164 Category : Reliability (Engineering) Languages : en Pages : 396
Book Description
La fiabilité des systèmes complexes est un défi majeur pour les entreprises industrielles. Ces dernières doivent répondre aux exigences des donneurs d’ordre dont le non-respect entraînerait des pénalités compromettant les marchés futurs. L’un des enjeux majeurs de l’optimisation fiabiliste est d’établir une surveillance rigoureuse, capable de prédire et de détecter les modes de défaillances des systèmes étudiés. Cet ouvrage présente les avancées de la recherche et de l’industrie appliquées aux domaines de l’optimisation, de la fiabilité et de la prise en compte des incertitudes en mécanique. Ce couplage est à la base de la compétitivité des entreprises dans les secteurs de l’automobile, de l’aéronautique, du génie civil ou encore de la défense. Accompagné d’exemples détaillés, Incertitudes, optimisation et fiabilité des structures présente les nouveaux outils de conception les plus performants. Il s’adresse aux ingénieurs et aux enseignants-chercheurs.
Author: Sébastien Bourbonnais Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1789451051 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
While it is undeniable that architectural practices have been transformed with the advent of digital technologies, they nevertheless continue to occupy an ambiguous or even problematic place within the design process. The underlying premise of this book on architectural design instruments is not to see them simply as means to an autonomous end, one that is pure and detached from any other technological aspect, but instead to see these instruments and their formative abilities as a different way in which architects can approach design. We maintain that it is through the very act of experimentation with these instruments that their various potentials are revealed and established. It is through such repeated experimentation, which is constantly being revised and consolidated, that practice is successfully and sustainably transformed. This view is less of a wish than it is an observation, and as such, it can be seen in the various practices that are analyzed in this book.
Author: Claude Lainé Publisher: Canadian Government Publishing ISBN: Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 172
Book Description
The C̀ombinatory vocabulary of CAD-CAM in mechanical engineering, ' or, computer-aided design and manufacturing in machining, is to compile the phraseologisms of a coherent set of mostly standardized terms that are commonly used by specialists in the field. This pilot research does not provide an exhaustive list of terms. The dictionary gives a user's guide, the detailed French-English vocabulary, and a short English-French glossary to access terms in the main list.
Author: International Council for Building Research, Studies and Documentation. Congress Publisher: ISBN: Category : Building Languages : en Pages : 452
Author: National Computer Graphics Association (U.S.). Conference and Exposition Publisher: ISBN: Category : Computer graphics Languages : en Pages : 700
Author: International Association of Science and Technology for Development Publisher: Anaheim [Calif.] ; Calgary : ACTA Press ISBN: Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 226
Author: Jean Claude Sabonnadiere
Author: Jean Claude Sabonnadiere
Author: Jean Mermet
Author: EL HAMI Abdelkhalak
Author: Sébastien Bourbonnais
Author: Lucas Pun
Author: Claude Lainé
Author: International Council for Building Research, Studies and Documentation. Congress
Author: Philippe Mestat
Author: National Computer Graphics Association (U.S.). Conference and Exposition
Author: International Association of Science and Technology for Development