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Author: Dian Olson Belanger Publisher: University Press of Colorado ISBN: 1457109573 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
In Deep Freeze, Dian Olson Belanger tells the story of the pioneers who built viable communities, made vital scientific discoveries, and established Antarctica as a continent dedicated to peace and the pursuit of science, decades after the first explorers planted flags in the ice. In the tense 1950s, even as the world was locked in the Cold War, U.S. scientists, maintained by the Navy's Operation Deep Freeze, came together in Antarctica with counterparts from eleven other countries to participate in the International Geophysical Year (IGY). On July 1, 1957, they began systematic, simultaneous scientific observations of the south-polar ice and atmosphere. Their collaborative success over eighteen months inspired the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, which formalized their peaceful pursuit of scientific knowledge. Still building on the achievements of the individuals and distrustful nations thrown together by the IGY from mutually wary military, scientific, and political cultures, science prospers today and peace endures. The year 2007 marked the fiftieth anniversary of the IGY and the commencement of a new International Polar Year - a compelling moment to review what a singular enterprise accomplished in a troubled time. Belanger draws from interviews, diaries, memoirs, and official records to weave together the first thorough study of the dawn of Antarctica's scientific age. Deep Freeze offers absorbing reading for those who have ventured onto Antarctic ice and those who dream of it, as well as historians, scientists, and policy makers
Author: Dian Olson Belanger Publisher: University Press of Colorado ISBN: 1457109573 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
In Deep Freeze, Dian Olson Belanger tells the story of the pioneers who built viable communities, made vital scientific discoveries, and established Antarctica as a continent dedicated to peace and the pursuit of science, decades after the first explorers planted flags in the ice. In the tense 1950s, even as the world was locked in the Cold War, U.S. scientists, maintained by the Navy's Operation Deep Freeze, came together in Antarctica with counterparts from eleven other countries to participate in the International Geophysical Year (IGY). On July 1, 1957, they began systematic, simultaneous scientific observations of the south-polar ice and atmosphere. Their collaborative success over eighteen months inspired the Antarctic Treaty of 1959, which formalized their peaceful pursuit of scientific knowledge. Still building on the achievements of the individuals and distrustful nations thrown together by the IGY from mutually wary military, scientific, and political cultures, science prospers today and peace endures. The year 2007 marked the fiftieth anniversary of the IGY and the commencement of a new International Polar Year - a compelling moment to review what a singular enterprise accomplished in a troubled time. Belanger draws from interviews, diaries, memoirs, and official records to weave together the first thorough study of the dawn of Antarctica's scientific age. Deep Freeze offers absorbing reading for those who have ventured onto Antarctic ice and those who dream of it, as well as historians, scientists, and policy makers
Author: Walter Sullivan Publisher: ISBN: Category : Geophysics Languages : en Pages : 506
Book Description
Account of the International Geophysical Year which ran from July 1, 1957 to December 31, 1958 and focused on international research and exchange of data relating to meteorological observations.
Author: Susan Barr Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 364212402X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
Although international scientific cooperation - particularly in meteorology - was established previous to the first International Polar Year, the IPY-1 (1882-83) is considered to be the first revolutionary step towards an extensive international cooperation in the polar areas for the benefit of science rather than national prestige and territorial gain. This was followed by IPY-2 (1932-33) and IPY-3 - actually the International Geophysical Year (1957-58) - before the crowning effort of IPY-4 (2007-08). The history of these years is recounted here and explains the political, economic, technical and scientific conditions and expectations that laid the basis for each IPY and which gradually expanded both the scope and extent of our understanding of the complexities in polar regions
Author: R. Launius Publisher: Springer ISBN: 0230114652 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 471
Book Description
The International Polar Years and the International Geophysical Year represented a remarkable international collaborative scientific effort that has been largely neglected by historians. This groundbreaking collection seeks to redress that neglect and illuminate critical aspects of the last 150 years of international scientific endeavour.
Author: J. A. Simpson Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483226425 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 711
Book Description
Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 28: Tables of IGC Cosmic Ray Data, Part III contains tabulations of International Geophysical Cooperation's cosmic ray activity data. This book includes lists of stations and investigators from whom further information on the cosmic ray apparatus can be obtained. In order to prepare the data on the following pages for publication, the data are first put on punched cards and then checked for correctness essentially by repunching, thus minimizing errors of transcription and also facilitate some computations which have been made with some of the data. Tabulating machines are then used to print the data on standard forms and the data are photographed for reproduction. As a further insurance against errors, carbon copies of the data sheets are sent to all investigators to be checked. The data marked as verified in the table of contents have been returned to the data center and the corrections made. This book will prove useful to geophysical researchers.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309215897 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
From September 2007 to June 2008 the Space Studies Board conducted an international public seminar series, with each monthly talk highlighting a different topic in space and Earth science. The principal lectures from the series are compiled in Forging the Future of Space Science. The topics of these events covered the full spectrum of space and Earth science research, from global climate change, to the cosmic origins of life, to the exploration of the Moon and Mars, to the scientific research required to support human spaceflight. The prevailing messages throughout the seminar series as demonstrated by the lectures in this book are how much we have accomplished over the past 50 years, how profound are our discoveries, how much contributions from the space program affect our daily lives, and yet how much remains to be done. The age of discovery in space and Earth science is just beginning. Opportunities abound that will forever alter our destiny.
Author: Sydney Chapman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Atmosphere Languages : en Pages : 120
Book Description
During International Geophysical Year, a team of scientists from 67 countries, led by Sydney Chapman, pooled their knowledge, experience, resources, to explore the Earth and its atmosphere. From earthquakes to the Aurora and other effects of solar radiation, they worked to build an intellectual base for further studies of "our corner of the universe".
Author: Adrian Howkins Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1108627951 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 976
Book Description
The Cambridge History of the Polar Regions is a landmark collection drawing together the history of the Arctic and Antarctica from the earliest times to the present. Structured as a series of thematic chapters, an international team of scholars offer a range of perspectives from environmental history, the history of science and exploration, cultural history, and the more traditional approaches of political, social, economic, and imperial history. The volume considers the centrality of Indigenous experience and the urgent need to build action in the present on a thorough understanding of the past. Using historical research based on methods ranging from archives and print culture to archaeology and oral histories, these essays provide fresh analyses of the discovery of Antarctica, the disappearance of Sir John Franklin, the fate of the Norse colony in Greenland, the origins of the Antarctic Treaty, and much more. This is an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the history of our planet.
Author: Jacob Darwin Hamblin Publisher: University of Washington Press ISBN: 0295801859 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 368
Book Description
Oceanographers and the Cold War is about patronage, politics, and the community of scientists. It is the first book to examine the study of the oceans during the Cold War era and explore the international focus of American oceanographers, taking into account the roles of the U.S. Navy, United States foreign policy, and scientists throughout the world. Jacob Hamblin demonstrates that to understand the history of American oceanography, one must consider its role in both conflict and cooperation with other nations. Paradoxically, American oceanography after World War II was enmeshed in the military-industrial complex while characterized by close international cooperation. The military dimension of marine science--with its involvement in submarine acoustics, fleet operations, and sea-launched nuclear missiles--coexisted with data exchange programs with the Soviet Union and global operations in seas without borders. From an uneasy cooperation with the Soviet bloc in the International Geophysical Year of 1957-58, to the NATO Science Committee in the late 1960s, which excluded the Soviet Union, to the U.S. Marine Sciences Council, which served as an important national link between scientists and the government, Oceanographers and the Cold War reveals the military and foreign policy goals served by U.S. government involvement in cooperative activities between scientists, such as joint cruises and expeditions. It demonstrates as well the extent to which oceanographers used international cooperation as a vehicle to pursue patronage from military, government, and commercial sponsors during the Cold War, as they sought support for their work by creating "disciples of marine science" wherever they could.
Author: Dian Olson Belanger
Author: Dian Olson Belanger
Author: Walter Sullivan
Author: Susan Barr
Author: R. Launius
Author: 
Author: J. A. Simpson
Author: National Research Council
Author: Sydney Chapman
Author: Adrian Howkins
Author: Jacob Darwin Hamblin