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Author: Eric Kasper Publisher: Physica ISBN: 9783790822489 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 333
Book Description
Traditionally resources for R and D projects are allocated via planning and budgeting procedures, evaluation methods and hierarchical decision-committees. This book presents resource allocation via internal markets as an alternative to such hierarchical decision procedures. Internal R and D markets can help to overcome the weaknesses of traditional hierarchical structures, since they are characterised by short communication and decision procedures and thus contribute to the reduction of information asymmetries.
Author: Eric Kasper Publisher: Physica ISBN: 9783790822489 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 333
Book Description
Traditionally resources for R and D projects are allocated via planning and budgeting procedures, evaluation methods and hierarchical decision-committees. This book presents resource allocation via internal markets as an alternative to such hierarchical decision procedures. Internal R and D markets can help to overcome the weaknesses of traditional hierarchical structures, since they are characterised by short communication and decision procedures and thus contribute to the reduction of information asymmetries.
Author: Eric Kasper Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3790817295 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 343
Book Description
Traditionally resources for R and D projects are allocated via planning and budgeting procedures, evaluation methods and hierarchical decision-committees. This book presents resource allocation via internal markets as an alternative to such hierarchical decision procedures. Internal R and D markets can help to overcome the weaknesses of traditional hierarchical structures, since they are characterised by short communication and decision procedures and thus contribute to the reduction of information asymmetries.
Author: Nicholas S. Vonortas Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461555116 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 292
Book Description
Cooperation in Research and Development provides an empirical and theoretical analysis of a distinct form of inter-firm collaboration in Research & Development (R&D): research joint ventures (RJVs). Of all types of cooperation, RJVs have received the most attention in both formal industrial organization and science and technology policy literature. The emerging theoretical economic literature on incentives of firms to join RJVs has not been followed by much empirical work. Cooperation in Research and Development attempts to fill the void caused by this lack of consistent data on the rate of RJV formation, RJV characteristics, and RJV member characteristics. Significant attention is paid to the role of RJVs in facilitating `virtual' firm diversification as necessary to pursue particular technological objectives. An effort is also made to blend the reported theoretical and empirical analyses with conceptual models of the process of technological innovation and models of industrial evolution in order to provide answers beyond the reach of the received economic theory. Cooperation in Research and Development should be of interest to academic economists, policy makers, and business representatives. The microeconomic issues the book deals with overlap significantly with the interests of decision makers both in government and business.
Author: M. Donald Campbell Publisher: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Office of Continuing Education ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 66
Book Description
Market research, important for professional renewal, is a critical part of continuing education program planning. It includes attention to learning needs and learner motivation to participate in continuing education. Informal market research makes use of internal sources, such as enrollment data, program evaluations, policy statements, and staff members and volunteers; and external sources, such as other program providers, professional development activities, and market research literature. Formal market research with individuals includes surveys, the Delphi technique, face-to-face interviews, and telephone interviews. Group research techniques include the nominal group and the focus group. Philosophy of education, personal preferences, and the work environment influence market research. The steps in executing market research are as follows: (1) decide what to research; (2) consider the resources available; (3) determine the best time to do research; (4) choose a market research approach; (5) recruit people to help; (6) develop a preliminary plan for the research; (7) develop a budget; (8) plan how to use the data; (9) collect and analyze the data; and (10) use the data to make decisions. (Thirteen references and 33 annotated resources for further study are listed, including 3 in marketing, 4 in market research in continuing education, 19 in market research methods, and 7 in research skills.) (CML)
Author: Nripendra P. Rana Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030243745 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 337
Book Description
This book examines issues and implications of digital and social media marketing for emerging markets. These markets necessitate substantial adaptations of developed theories and approaches employed in the Western world. The book investigates problems specific to emerging markets, while identifying new theoretical constructs and practical applications of digital marketing. It addresses topics such as electronic word of mouth (eWOM), demographic differences in digital marketing, mobile marketing, search engine advertising, among others. A radical increase in both temporal and geographical reach is empowering consumers to exert influence on brands, products, and services. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and digital media are having a significant impact on the way people communicate and fulfil their socio-economic, emotional and material needs. These technologies are also being harnessed by businesses for various purposes including distribution and selling of goods, retailing of consumer services, customer relationship management, and influencing consumer behaviour by employing digital marketing practices. This book considers this, as it examines the practice and research related to digital and social media marketing.
Author: Clayton M. Christensen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
Recent cutbacks in the scale and scope of research being conducted in the laboratories of companies that developed some of today's most commercially valuable technologies -- at companies such as Lucent Technologies (Bell Laboratories), IBM, Xerox, Alcoa and General Electric -- have raised concerns about whether the short-term financial performance pressures imposed on today's managers might compromise the longer-term growth potential in our economy. This paper proposes a model of the factors that affect a company's ability to capture the returns from its investments in research, grounded in several case studies. It suggests that under conditions of technological modularity, technologies developed in one company's research laboratories are very likely to "leak" into the open market to the benefit of many firms; whereas under conditions of technological integrality, firms that conduct research are much more able to capture the returns from their investments in creating new technology. Those industries in which companies are continuing to invest aggressively in research, such as pharmaceuticals and chemicals, tend to be based upon integral technologies, whereas products in industries where research is being scaled back, such as electronics and telecommunications, have become technologically modular. This paper asserts that we might expect technology in most industries to swing back and forth between integrality and modularity. This means that firms' abilities to profit from technological or scientific research are likely also to wax and wane.
Author: Eric Kasper
Author: Eric Kasper
Author: Eric Kasper
Author: Gerald S. Rosenfelder
Author: Dinah Bennett
Author: Anwar Shah
Author: Nicholas S. Vonortas
Author: Ian Lings
Author: M. Donald Campbell
Author: Nripendra P. Rana
Author: Clayton M. Christensen