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Author: Lestari Ambar Sukesti Publisher: Rasibook ISBN: 6021179137 Category : Foreign Language Study Languages : en Pages : 527
Book Description
Understanding grammar does not guarantee speaking or making utterances appropriately (Cohen, 1996; Thomas, 1983). As pragmatics differs from one culture to other second or foreign language, learners should acquire the sociopragmatics and pragmalinguistic rules of the foreign or second language to enable them to make communication effectively with native speakers. Miscommunication often occurs due to incident that people make use of the rules of their native pragmatics to express intention in other culture without realizing the difference between these two cultures (Thomas, 1983). Error in grammar could be tolerable but inappropriateness will affect the communication outcomes. The conversation may lead to an awkward situation which is not realized by the learners of the language. Invitation is a part of speech acts, which reflects the actualization of an illocutionary intention of a speaker through utterances, either spoken or written. The speech act of invitation emerges when someone asks somebody else to attend to a kind of occasion, usually the one that is hosted by the inviter. Suzuki’s findings in his research on making invitation by native American undergraduate students describe 2 different strategies, namely; Want (W) and asking for Willingness (AW), however based on the writer’s findings in her research on interlanguage pragmatics of invitation by Indonesian EFL learners, there are three more strategies in making invitation, namely; Performative (P), Imperative (I), and Hoping (H). Gender also influences in making inviting strategies based on social status and familiarity, including the use of deference or solidarity markers. Male participants use more various solidarity markers especially when the invitation is addressed to female invitees. It might happen as male participants try to touch the invetee emotionally and keep close to the invetees. Both male and female participants tend to verbose. The more descriptors in the scenarios the more explanations the participants use in inviting others. However, the most significant finding is that female participants is said to adopt more performative (P) and hoping strategy (H) in all situations. Female participant is considered expectant to the invitation to be fulfilled by the invetees. The contribution of distance, power, and rank of imposition to the way the participants elicit their politeness strategies was also found in this study. When there is a distance between the inveter and the invetee the participants make different ways in making inviting strategies. However, in the realm of pragmalinguistics, the participants cannot differentiate the use of neutral and polite strategies while addressing the invitation to higher level of the invetees. It is found out in the use of willingness neutral and imperative strategies by the participants to invetees who are of higher status. It might due to the lack of pragmatics knowledge of the participants toward the language.
Author: Lestari Ambar Sukesti Publisher: Rasibook ISBN: 6021179137 Category : Foreign Language Study Languages : en Pages : 527
Book Description
Understanding grammar does not guarantee speaking or making utterances appropriately (Cohen, 1996; Thomas, 1983). As pragmatics differs from one culture to other second or foreign language, learners should acquire the sociopragmatics and pragmalinguistic rules of the foreign or second language to enable them to make communication effectively with native speakers. Miscommunication often occurs due to incident that people make use of the rules of their native pragmatics to express intention in other culture without realizing the difference between these two cultures (Thomas, 1983). Error in grammar could be tolerable but inappropriateness will affect the communication outcomes. The conversation may lead to an awkward situation which is not realized by the learners of the language. Invitation is a part of speech acts, which reflects the actualization of an illocutionary intention of a speaker through utterances, either spoken or written. The speech act of invitation emerges when someone asks somebody else to attend to a kind of occasion, usually the one that is hosted by the inviter. Suzuki’s findings in his research on making invitation by native American undergraduate students describe 2 different strategies, namely; Want (W) and asking for Willingness (AW), however based on the writer’s findings in her research on interlanguage pragmatics of invitation by Indonesian EFL learners, there are three more strategies in making invitation, namely; Performative (P), Imperative (I), and Hoping (H). Gender also influences in making inviting strategies based on social status and familiarity, including the use of deference or solidarity markers. Male participants use more various solidarity markers especially when the invitation is addressed to female invitees. It might happen as male participants try to touch the invetee emotionally and keep close to the invetees. Both male and female participants tend to verbose. The more descriptors in the scenarios the more explanations the participants use in inviting others. However, the most significant finding is that female participants is said to adopt more performative (P) and hoping strategy (H) in all situations. Female participant is considered expectant to the invitation to be fulfilled by the invetees. The contribution of distance, power, and rank of imposition to the way the participants elicit their politeness strategies was also found in this study. When there is a distance between the inveter and the invetee the participants make different ways in making inviting strategies. However, in the realm of pragmalinguistics, the participants cannot differentiate the use of neutral and polite strategies while addressing the invitation to higher level of the invetees. It is found out in the use of willingness neutral and imperative strategies by the participants to invetees who are of higher status. It might due to the lack of pragmatics knowledge of the participants toward the language.
Author: Gabriele Kasper Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 019536211X Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
As a field of inquiry, interlanguage pragmatics reflects the growing interest in recent years in understanding the social and pragmatic aspects of second language acquisition. Interlanguage Pragmatics offers an up-to-date synthesis of current research in the field, documenting from diverse perspectives the development, comprehension, and production of pragmatic knowledge in a second language. The book consists of three sections. The first concerns cognitive approaches to interlanguage pragmatic development; the second, interlanguage speech act realization of a variety of speech acts; and the third, discoursal perspectives on interlanguage. Each section is prefaced by an introduction by the editors which provides relevant theoretical and methodological background. The editors' general introduction offers a critical overview of the issues currently debated. This book is the first to exclusively address the pragmatic dimension in second language acquistion, presenting a state-of-the-art view of the field and outlining directions for future research.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Interlanguage (Language learning) Languages : en Pages : 143
Book Description
This study explored how Japanese as Foreign Language (JFL) utilizes politeness strategies compared to native speakers of Japanese (J1) in invitation discourses within the framework of Interlanguage Pragmatics (ILP). Invitation is one of the speech acts that requires careful consideration when conveying speakers' intentions through speech. It is assumed that JFL will struggle with appropriately inviting friends in different cultures while utilizing the politeness strategies in their invitation discourse in Japanese. Szatrowski (1993) revealed that there are thoughtful utterances to each other, the discernment utterance by the inviter and considerate utterance by the invitee, in the Japanese invitation discourse. Native Japanese speakers create the invitation discourse mutually unlike English turn-taking discourse. In order to analyze JFL and J1's discourse, data were collected from a roleplay conversation with four different scenarios. The participants invited the researcher to act as their friends, both close and distant, for two types of events, a group event and a one-on-one event. In all variations, the invitee showed slight hesitation and said she had an exam the next day. The discourse was analyzed in terms of the invitation discourse and the follow-up discourse after the invitee's hesitation. The data showed that (1) intermediate level of JFL used the polite speech styles with the close friend and the distant friend carefully for the invitation, although J1 utilized a casual style and a mixed style tactfully to their friends, (2) JFL differentiated the invitation structures between the negative and affirmative forms depending on the level of intimacy, while J1 used mainly a negative style and various indirect ways in their invitation, (3) the negative politeness strategy used the most by JFL gave deference in the invitation utterance, while J1 minimized the imposition of the invitee the most, (4) JFL used less than half the amount of the politeness strategies of J1 for the follow-up utterances, (5) for the one-on-one invitation, more than half of JFL gave up their invitation after the invitee's hesitation in the follow-up utterance, and (6) J1 used more politeness strategies with the close friend than the distant friend in the follow-up utterances both for the group event and the one-on-one event. From the results of these findings, I suggest four steps that instructors can use to teach Japanese invitation discourse.
Author: Wei Li Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company ISBN: 9027264171 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 286
Book Description
Email has become a ubiquitous medium of communication. It is used amongst people from the same speech community, but also between people from different language and cultural backgrounds. When people communicate, they tend to follow rules of speaking in their native language, termed by scholars as pragmatic transfer, which may cause misunderstandings and lead to cross-cultural communication breakdown. This book examines pragmatic transfer by Chinese learners of English at different proficiency levels when writing email requests and refusals. To meet the need for developmental research in L2 pragmatics, it also explores whether pragmatic transfer increases or decreases as language proficiency improves. This book will appeal to researchers and students in interlanguage and intercultural pragmatics, second language acquisition, English as a second/foreign language, and intercultural communication.
Author: Anne Barron Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9027296669 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 421
Book Description
Acquisition in Interlanguage Pragmatics provides readers with a much-needed insight into the development of pragmatic competence, an area of research long neglected in interlanguage pragmatics. The longitudinal investigation which provides the basic material for this book consists of a corpus of requests, offers and refusals of offers elicited from Irish learners of German over a ten-month study abroad period using production questionnaires and a variety of metapragmatic instruments. The analysis focuses on developments in these learners’ knowledge of discourse structure, pragmatic routines and internal modification. Findings present valuable information pertaining to the process of acquisition of pragmatic competence. They also point to the favourable but imperfect nature of the study abroad context for the development of pragmatic competence. A comprehensive discussion of theoretical and methodological issues, an in-depth analysis and an extensive bibliography make this book of interest to both researchers and students in interlanguage pragmatics, cross-cultural pragmatics, German as a foreign language and study abroad research.
Author: Rachel Giora Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110546094 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 432
Book Description
Intercultural Pragmatics is a large and diverse field encompassing a wide range of approaches, methods, and theories. This volume draws scholars together from a broad range of cognitive, philosophical, and sociopragmatic perspectives on language use in order to lay the path for a mutually informing and enriching dialogue across subfields and perceived barriers to doing pragmatics interculturally.
Author: Lestari Ambar Sukesti
Author: Lestari Ambar Sukesti
Author: Gabriele Kasper
Author: Fan Zhu
Author: Anna Trosborg
Author: Agnieszka Rakowicz
Author: 
Author: Bettina Kraft
Author: Wei Li
Author: Anne Barron
Author: Rachel Giora