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Author: Dazheng Chen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Interface engineering and electrode engineering play important roles in the performance improvement for organic solar cells (OSCs). We here would investigate the effect of various cathode modifying layers and ITO-free electrodes on the device performance. First, for inverted organic solar cells (IOSCs) with a poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester blend, an aqueous solution method using low temperatures is adopted to deposit a ZnO interlayer in IOSCs. When the ZnO annealing temperature is above 80°C, the corresponding IOSCs show senior PCEs over 3.5%. Meanwhile the flexible devices based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate display a PCE of 3.26% and good flexibility. Second, the performance of IOSCs based on AZO cathode and Ca modifier are studied. The resulted IOSCs with an ultrathin Ca modifier (~1 nm) could achieve a senior PCE above 3%, and highly efficient electron transport at AZO/Ca/organic interface, which obviously weakens the light soaking issue. Third, by introducing a 2 nm MoO3 interlayer for Ag anode deposition, the obtained OSCs show an improved PCE of 2.71%, and the flexible device also achieves a comparable PCE of 2.50%. All these investigations may be instructive for further improvement of device performance and the possible commercialization in the future.
Author: Dazheng Chen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Technology Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Interface engineering and electrode engineering play important roles in the performance improvement for organic solar cells (OSCs). We here would investigate the effect of various cathode modifying layers and ITO-free electrodes on the device performance. First, for inverted organic solar cells (IOSCs) with a poly (3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl):[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester blend, an aqueous solution method using low temperatures is adopted to deposit a ZnO interlayer in IOSCs. When the ZnO annealing temperature is above 80°C, the corresponding IOSCs show senior PCEs over 3.5%. Meanwhile the flexible devices based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) substrate display a PCE of 3.26% and good flexibility. Second, the performance of IOSCs based on AZO cathode and Ca modifier are studied. The resulted IOSCs with an ultrathin Ca modifier (~1 nm) could achieve a senior PCE above 3%, and highly efficient electron transport at AZO/Ca/organic interface, which obviously weakens the light soaking issue. Third, by introducing a 2 nm MoO3 interlayer for Ag anode deposition, the obtained OSCs show an improved PCE of 2.71%, and the flexible device also achieves a comparable PCE of 2.50%. All these investigations may be instructive for further improvement of device performance and the possible commercialization in the future.
Author: Di Zhang Publisher: Open Dissertation Press ISBN: 9781361345528 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This dissertation, "Transparent Electrode Design and Interface Engineering for High Performance Organic Solar Cells" by Di, Zhang, 张笛, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: With the growing needs for energy, photovoltaic solar cells have attracted increasing research interests owing to its potentially renewable, feasible and efficient applications. Compared to its inorganic counterparts, organic solar cell (OSC) is highly desirable due to the low-cost processing, light weight, and the capability of flexible applications. While rapid progress has been made with the conversion efficiency approaching 10%, challenges towards high performance OSCs remain, including further improving device efficiency, fully realizing flexible applications, achieving more feasible large-area solution process and extending the stability of organic device. Having understood the key technical issues of designing high performance OSCs, we focus our work on (1) introducing flexible graphene transparent electrodes into OSCs as effective anode and cathode; (2) interface engineering of metal oxide carrier transport layers (CTLs) in OSCs through incorporating plasmonic metal nanomaterials;(3)proposing novel film formation approach for solution-processed CTLs in OSCs in order to improve the film quality and thus device performance. The detailed work is listed below: 1. Design of transparent graphene electrodes for flexible OSCs Flexible graphene films are introduced into OSCs as transparent electrodes, which complement the flexibility of organic materials. We demonstrate graphene can function effectively as both the anode and cathode in OSCs: a) Graphene anode: we propose an interface modification for graphene to function as anode as an alternative to using aconventional polymer CTL. Using the proposed interfacial modification, graphene OSCs show enhanced performance. Further analysis shows that our approach provides favorable energy alignment and improved interfacial contact. b) Graphene cathode: efficient OSCs using graphene cathode are demonstrated, using a new composite CTL of aluminum-titanium oxide (Al-TiO2).We show that the role of Al is two-fold: improving the wettability as well as reducing the work function of graphene. To facilitate electron extraction, self-assembledTiO2is employed on the Al-covered graphene, which exhibits uniform morphology. 2. Incorporation of plasmonic nanomaterialsinto the metal oxide CTLinOSCs By incorporating metallic nanoparticles (NPs) into the TiO2CTLin OSCs, we demonstrate the interesting plasmonic-electrical effect which leads to optically induced charge extraction enhancement. While OSCs using TiO2CTL can only operate by ultraviolet (UV)activation, NP-incorporated TiO2enables OSCs to perform efficiently at a plasmonic wavelength far longer than the UV light. In addition, the effciency of OSCs incorporated with NPs is notably enhanced. We attribute the improvement to the charge injection of plasmonically excited electrons from NPs into TiO2. 3. Formation of uniform TiO2CTLfor large area applications using a self-assembly approach A solution-processed self-assembly method is proposed for forming large-area high-quality CTL films. Owing to the careful control of solvent evaporation, uniform film is formed, leading to enhanced OSC performance. Meanwhile, our method is capable of forming large-area films. This approach can contribute to future low-cost, large-area applications. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5295530 Subjects: Electrodes - Design and construction Solar cells - Mater
Author: Qiquan Qiao Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351831216 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 510
Book Description
Current energy consumption mainly depends on fossil fuels that are limited and can cause environmental issues such as greenhouse gas emissions and global warming. These factors have stimulated the search for alternate, clean, and renewable energy sources. Solar cells are some of the most promising clean and readily available energy sources. Plus, the successful utilization of solar energy can help reduce the dependence on fossil fuels. Recently, organic solar cells have gained extensive attention as a next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their light weight, mechanical flexibility, and solution-based cost-effective processing. Organic Solar Cells: Materials, Devices, Interfaces, and Modeling provides an in-depth understanding of the current state of the art of organic solar cell technology. Encompassing the full spectrum of organic solar cell materials, modeling and simulation, and device physics and engineering, this comprehensive text: Discusses active layer, interfacial, and transparent electrode materials Explains how to relate synthesis parameters to morphology of the photoactive layer using molecular dynamics simulations Offers insight into coupling morphology and interfaces with charge transport in organic solar cells Explores photoexcited carrier dynamics, defect states, interface engineering, and nanophase separation Covers inorganic–organic hybrids, tandem structure, and graphene-based polymer solar cells Organic Solar Cells: Materials, Devices, Interfaces, and Modeling makes an ideal reference for scientists and engineers as well as researchers and students entering the field from broad disciplines including chemistry, material science and engineering, physics, nanotechnology, nanoscience, and electrical engineering.
Author: Xuefeng Guo Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527840478 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 277
Book Description
Interface Engineering in Organic Field-Effect Transistors Systematic summary of advances in developing effective methodologies of interface engineering in organic field-effect transistors, from models to experimental techniques Interface Engineering in Organic Field-Effect Transistors covers the state of the art in organic field-effect transistors and reviews charge transport at the interfaces, device design concepts, and device fabrication processes, and gives an outlook on the development of future optoelectronic devices. This book starts with an overview of the commonly adopted methods to obtain various semiconductor/semiconductor interfaces and charge transport mechanisms at these heterogeneous interfaces. Then, it covers the modification at the semiconductor/electrode interfaces, through which to tune the work function of electrodes as well as reveal charge injection mechanisms at the interfaces. Charge transport physics at the semiconductor/dielectric interface is discussed in detail. The book describes the remarkable effect of SAM modification on the semiconductor film morphology and thus the electrical performance. In particular, valuable analyses of charge trapping/detrapping engineering at the interface to realize new functions are summarized. Finally, the sensing mechanisms that occur at the semiconductor/environment interfaces of OFETs and the unique detection methods capable of interfacing organic electronics with biology are discussed. Specific sample topics covered in Interface Engineering in Organic Field-Effect Transistors include: Noncovalent modification methods, charge insertion layer at the electrode surface, dielectric surface passivation methods, and covalent modification methods Charge transport mechanism in bulk semiconductors, influence of additives on materials’ nucleation and morphology, solvent additives, and nucleation agents Nanoconfinement effect, enhancing the performance through semiconductor heterojunctions, planar bilayer heterostructure, ambipolar charge-transfer complex, and supramolecular arrangement of heterojunctions Dielectric effect in OFETs, dielectric modification to tune semiconductor morphology, surface energy control, microstructure design, solution shearing, eliminating interfacial traps, and SAM/SiO2 dielectrics A timely resource providing the latest developments in the field and emphasizing new insights for building reliable organic electronic devices, Interface Engineering in Organic Field-Effect Transistors is essential for researchers, scientists, and other interface-related professionals in the fields of organic electronics, nanoelectronics, surface science, solar cells, and sensors.
Author: R. Navanietha Krishnaraj Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119538564 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 560
Book Description
An introduction to the fundamental concepts and rules in bioelectrochemistry and explores latest advancements in the field Bioelectrochemical Interface Engineering offers a guide to this burgeoning interdisciplinary field. The authors—noted experts on the topic—present a detailed explanation of the field’s basic concepts, provide a fundamental understanding of the principle of electrocatalysis, electrochemical activity of the electroactive microorganisms, and mechanisms of electron transfer at electrode-electrolyte interfaces. They also explore the design and development of bioelectrochemical systems. The authors review recent advances in the field including: the development of new bioelectrochemical configurations, new electrode materials, electrode functionalization strategies, and extremophilic electroactive microorganisms. These current developments hold the promise of powering the systems in remote locations such as deep sea and extra-terrestrial space as well as powering implantable energy devices and controlled drug delivery. This important book: • Explores the fundamental concepts and rules in bioelectrochemistry and details the latest advancements • Presents principles of electrocatalysis, electroactive microorganisms, types and mechanisms of electron transfer at electrode-electrolyte interfaces, electron transfer kinetics in bioelectrocatalysis, and more • Covers microbial electrochemical systems and discusses bioelectrosynthesis and biosensors, and bioelectrochemical wastewater treatment • Reviews microbial biosensor, microfluidic and lab-on-chip devices, flexible electronics, and paper and stretchable electrodes Written for researchers, technicians, and students in chemistry, biology, energy and environmental science, Bioelectrochemical Interface Engineering provides a strong foundation to this advanced field by presenting the core concepts, basic principles, and newest advances.
Author: Nurdan Demirci Sankir Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119283736 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 578
Book Description
Printable Solar Cells The book brings together the recent advances, new and cutting edge materials from solution process and manufacturing techniques that are the key to making photovoltaic devices more efficient and inexpensive. Printable Solar Cells provides an overall view of the new and highly promising materials and thin film deposition techniques for printable solar cell applications. The book is organized in four parts. Organic and inorganic hybrid materials and solar cell manufacturing techniques are covered in Part I. Part II is devoted to organic materials and processing technologies like spray coating. This part also demonstrates the key features of the interface engineering for the printable organic solar cells. The main focus of Part III is the perovskite solar cells, which is a new and promising family of the photovoltaic applications. Finally, inorganic materials and solution based thin film formation methods using these materials for printable solar cell application is discussed in Part IV. Audience The book will be of interest to a multidisciplinary group of fields, in industry and academia, including physics, chemistry, materials science, biochemical engineering, optoelectronic information, photovoltaic and renewable energy engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical and manufacturing engineering.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The objective of this project was to enable next-generation, efficient, easily manufacturable, and durable organic photovoltaics through interface and electrode engineering.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Photovoltaic cells Languages : en Pages : 8
Book Description
The objective of this project was to enable next-generation, efficient, easily manufacturable, and durable organic photovoltaics through interface and electrode engineering.
Author: Chuandao Charlie Wang Publisher: Open Dissertation Press ISBN: 9781361281680 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This dissertation, "Organic Solar Cells Towards High Efficiency: Plasmonic Effects and Interface Engineering" by Chuandao, Charlie, Wang, 王传道, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Organic solar cells (OSCs) are promising candidates for solar light harvesting due to their standout advantages both in material properties and manufacturing process. During past decades, remarkable progress has been achieved. Efficiency for single-junction cells over 9% and tandem cells over 10% has been reported. For high performance OSCs towards commercialization, sufficient light absorption and high quality buffer layers are still two challenges, which are addressed in this thesis by investigating the plasmonic effects on OSCs and interface engineering. Here, the mechanisms of plasmonic effects on OSC are explored by incorporating metallic Au nanoparticles (NPs) in individual anode buffer layer and active layer, respectively, and finally in both layers simultaneously. When Au NPs are incorporated into the buffer layer, surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) induced absorption enhancement due to incorporation of Au NPs is evidenced theoretically and experimentally to be only minor contributor to the performance improvement. The increased interfacial contact area between the buffer layer and active layer, together with the reduced resistance of the buffer layer due to the embedded Au NPs, are revealed to benefit hole collection and thus are main contributors to the performance improvement. When Au NPs are embedded in the active layer, Au NPs induced SPR indeed contributes to enhanced light absorption. However, when large amount of Au NPs are incorporated, the negative effects of NPs on the electrical properties of OSCs can counter-diminish the optical enhancement from SPR, which limits the overall performance improvement. When Au NPs are embedded into both layers, both advantages of incorporating NPs in individual layers can be utilized together to achieve more pronounced improvement in photovoltaic performance; as a result, accumulated enhancements in device performance can be achieved. The results herein are applicable to other metallic NPs such as Ag NPs, Pt NPs, etc. The study herein has clarified the degree of contribution of SPR effects on OSCs and revealed the mechanisms behind. It has also highlighted the importance of considering both optical and electrical effects when employing metallic NPs as strategies to enhance the photovoltaic performance of OSCs. Consequently, the study contributes both physical understanding and technological development of applying metallic NPs on OSCs. Regarding interface engineering, we first propose a simple method to modify the substrate work function for efficient hole collection by using an ultra-thin ultraviolet-ozone treated Au. The method can be used in other situations such as modifying the work function of multilayer graphene as transparent electrode. Then we propose a general method to synthesize solution-processed transition metal oxides (TMOs). Besides high material quality, desirable electrical properties, and good stability, our method stands out particular in that the synthesized TMOs can be dispersed in water-free solvents and the TMO films require only low temperature treatment, which is very compatible with the organic electronics. Our method can also be used to synthesize other TMOs other than the demonstrated molybdenum oxide and vanadium oxide. The proposed method herein is applicable in semiconductor industry. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4832965 Subjects: Solar cells
Author: Dazheng Chen
Author: Dazheng Chen
Author: Di Zhang
Author: 张笛
Author: Qiquan Qiao
Author: Xuefeng Guo
Author: R. Navanietha Krishnaraj
Author: Nurdan Demirci Sankir
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Chuandao Charlie Wang