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Author: Richard C. Marston Publisher: ISBN: Category : Capital movements Languages : en Pages : 35
Book Description
This paper examines evidence on interest differentials under the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates and under the flexible rate system which succeeded it. Under the Bretton Woods system, many countries resorted to capital controls in an attempt to pursue independent monetary policies. In the three major countries studied in this paper, Britain, Germany and the United States, these capital controls resulted in large differentials between national interest rates covered for exchange risk. The capital controls and resulting interest differentials distorted many cross-border investment and borrowing decisions. The paper compares these covered interest differentials with uncovered interest differentials in the Eurocurrency markets which are free of capital controls. In both fixed and flexible periods, average uncovered differentials between Eurodollar interest rates and four other Eurocurrency rates are in most cases close to zero. So these average uncovered interest differentials, whether attributable to exchange risk premiums or forecast errors, are much smaller than average covered interest differentials between national markets due to capital controls. If exchange risk premiums have significant effects on uncovered interest differentials in some periods, these premiums must be time-varying with a mean close to zero over the long sample periods studied. Similarly, if forecast errors have systematic components in some periods, in the long sample periods studied these errors have a mean close to zero as well.
Author: Richard C. Marston Publisher: ISBN: Category : Capital movements Languages : en Pages : 35
Book Description
This paper examines evidence on interest differentials under the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates and under the flexible rate system which succeeded it. Under the Bretton Woods system, many countries resorted to capital controls in an attempt to pursue independent monetary policies. In the three major countries studied in this paper, Britain, Germany and the United States, these capital controls resulted in large differentials between national interest rates covered for exchange risk. The capital controls and resulting interest differentials distorted many cross-border investment and borrowing decisions. The paper compares these covered interest differentials with uncovered interest differentials in the Eurocurrency markets which are free of capital controls. In both fixed and flexible periods, average uncovered differentials between Eurodollar interest rates and four other Eurocurrency rates are in most cases close to zero. So these average uncovered interest differentials, whether attributable to exchange risk premiums or forecast errors, are much smaller than average covered interest differentials between national markets due to capital controls. If exchange risk premiums have significant effects on uncovered interest differentials in some periods, these premiums must be time-varying with a mean close to zero over the long sample periods studied. Similarly, if forecast errors have systematic components in some periods, in the long sample periods studied these errors have a mean close to zero as well.
Author: Barry J. Eichengreen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Economic history Languages : en Pages : 76
Book Description
This paper reports evidence on the characteristics of fixed and flexible exchange rate regimes. It contrasts experience under three interwar exchange rate regimes: the free float of the early 1920s, the fixed rates of 1927-31, and the managed float of the early 1930s. A number of important differences across nominal exchange rate regimes emerge. Major findings include: (1) The variability of nominal exchange rates was positively associated with the freedom of the float. Nominal rates were considerably more variable under free than managed floating. (2) The reduction in nominal exchange rate variability achieved with the move from free to managed floating was not accompanied by a commensurate fall in exchange rate uncertainty. While government policy succeeded in damping spot rate fluctuations, it seems to have been subject to periodic shifts that heightened risk. (3) There was a strong association between nominal exchange rate predictability and real exchange rate predictability in both the free float of 1922-26 and the managed float of 1932-36. Together with (2), this implies that intervention of stabilize nominal rates did not guarantee a commensurate reduction in real exchange rate uncertainty. (4) There was no direct correspondence between the degree of exchange rate stability and the volume of international capital flows. Real interest differentials were larger under the managed float of the 1930s than under the free float of the 1920s. (5) Capital controls provide a major part of the explanation for differences across regimes in the magnitude of real interest differentials. Controls were considerably more prevalent under managed floating than under either free floating or fixed rates. Thus, interwar experience provides a counterexample to the popular notion that capital controls tend to be associated with fixed rate regimes.
Author: Jan Herin Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0429708165 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
This book contains the papers, comments, and the discussion at a conference on "Flexible Exchange Rates and Stabilization Policy", held at Saltsjobaden, Stockholm, August 26–27, 1975. The papers integrate the flexible exchange rates theory with macro theory and stabilization policy analysis. .
Author: Ronald MacDonald Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134838220 Category : Foreign exchange Languages : en Pages : 334
Book Description
''In summary, the book is valuable as a textbook both at the advanced undergraduate level and at the graduate level. It is also very useful for the economist who wants to be brought up-to-date on theoretical and empirical research on exchange rate behaviour.'' ""Journal of International Economics""
Author: Richard C. Marston
Author: Richard C. Marston
Author: Barry J. Eichengreen
Author: Egon Sohmen
Author: Jan Herin
Author: Ronald MacDonald
Author: Michael G. Porter
Author: Richard Blackhurst
Author: Ronald MacDonald
Author: Samuel Irving Katz
Author: H Fournier