Interactions of Amphorophora Agathonica Hottes with Raspberry Viruses and Resistant Red and Black Raspberry PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Interactions of Amphorophora Agathonica Hottes with Raspberry Viruses and Resistant Red and Black Raspberry PDF full book. Access full book title Interactions of Amphorophora Agathonica Hottes with Raspberry Viruses and Resistant Red and Black Raspberry by Danielle Lightle. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Danielle Lightle Publisher: ISBN: Category : Amphorophora Languages : en Pages : 105
Book Description
In recent years, red raspberry production in Washington and British Columbia has been severely limited by a newly emerged virus complex that causes symptoms of crumbly fruit. The complex is comprised of three viruses: Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV), Raspberry leaf mottle virus (RLMV) and Raspberry latent virus (RpLV). Both RLMV and RpLV are transmitted by the aphid Amphorophora agathonica Hottes. The objectives of this work were to monitor seasonal phenology of A. agathonica and study the aphids' behavior on infected plants as well as resistant red and black raspberry cultivars. The lower developmental threshold of A. agathonica was calculated to be 2.7°C and field populations in northern Washington began increasing rapidly at approximately 800 growing degree days and peaked at approximately 1000 degree days. Evaluations of aphid performance on infected plants revealed that single infection plants (RLMV or RpLV) and co-infected plants (RLMV+RpLV) significantly increased aphid longevity over the healthy controls, while the co-infected plants also significantly increased aphid fecundity. Electrical penetration graph (EPG) studies of A. agathonica feeding behavior showed no differences in feeding between healthy and infected plants. However, EPG studies revealed two distinct mechanisms of resistance against A. agathonica in red and black raspberry. The red raspberry resistance gene Ag1 results in extended periods of salivation in the phloem sieve elements with little subsequent phloem ingestion, a behavior commonly associated with plant defense mechanisms related to a phloem recognition factor. Three novel aphid-resistant black raspberry selections were also studied. Aphids feeding on the resistant black raspberries were unlikely to salivate in the phloem sieve elements, which may point to a mechanism that causes aphids to be unable to recognize when they have punctured the sieve elements. Overall, this research discovered new information about A. agathonica biology, feeding behavior, and interactions with viruses that can be incorporated into future management strategies.
Author: Danielle Lightle Publisher: ISBN: Category : Amphorophora Languages : en Pages : 105
Book Description
In recent years, red raspberry production in Washington and British Columbia has been severely limited by a newly emerged virus complex that causes symptoms of crumbly fruit. The complex is comprised of three viruses: Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV), Raspberry leaf mottle virus (RLMV) and Raspberry latent virus (RpLV). Both RLMV and RpLV are transmitted by the aphid Amphorophora agathonica Hottes. The objectives of this work were to monitor seasonal phenology of A. agathonica and study the aphids' behavior on infected plants as well as resistant red and black raspberry cultivars. The lower developmental threshold of A. agathonica was calculated to be 2.7°C and field populations in northern Washington began increasing rapidly at approximately 800 growing degree days and peaked at approximately 1000 degree days. Evaluations of aphid performance on infected plants revealed that single infection plants (RLMV or RpLV) and co-infected plants (RLMV+RpLV) significantly increased aphid longevity over the healthy controls, while the co-infected plants also significantly increased aphid fecundity. Electrical penetration graph (EPG) studies of A. agathonica feeding behavior showed no differences in feeding between healthy and infected plants. However, EPG studies revealed two distinct mechanisms of resistance against A. agathonica in red and black raspberry. The red raspberry resistance gene Ag1 results in extended periods of salivation in the phloem sieve elements with little subsequent phloem ingestion, a behavior commonly associated with plant defense mechanisms related to a phloem recognition factor. Three novel aphid-resistant black raspberry selections were also studied. Aphids feeding on the resistant black raspberries were unlikely to salivate in the phloem sieve elements, which may point to a mechanism that causes aphids to be unable to recognize when they have punctured the sieve elements. Overall, this research discovered new information about A. agathonica biology, feeding behavior, and interactions with viruses that can be incorporated into future management strategies.
Author: Michael Dossett Publisher: ISBN: Category : Black raspberries Languages : en Pages : 143
Book Description
In recent years, there has been renewed interest in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) breeding. This has been spurred, in part, by an increase in black raspberry consumption due to studies that have shown them to be particularly high in anthocyanin content indicating high levels of antioxidants. Present cultivars are ill adapted to the biotic and abiotic stresses of the Pacific Northwest, where the commercial black raspberry industry is centered, and fields must be replanted after 3-5 seasons. Breeding progress in black raspberry has been limited by a lack of genetic diversity. This work is the first documented effort to systematically collect and evaluate wild R. occidentalis germplasm from across the native range of the species. Sources of strong resistance to the virus vector Amphorophora agathonica Hottes were identified from Maine, Michigan, and Ontario. Populations with outstanding vigor and possible resistance to Verticillium wilt were identified, as were two populations with a novel anthocyanin profile. In addition, variation was documented for morphological traits such as thorniness and cane architecture as well as fruit weight and gloss, and ripening times. Molecular analysis of genetic diversity using microsatellite markers in these populations showed that black raspberry cultivars are closely related to each other, but there is tremendous diversity in the wild populations. The data also support phenotypic evidence that several "wild" populations may be descended from feral cultivated plants. Overall, genetic diversity in wild black raspberry germplasm shows tremendous potential for use in breeding improved cultivars.
Author: Helmut F van Emden Publisher: CABI ISBN: 1780647093 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 716
Book Description
Aphids are among the major global pest groups, causing serious economic damage to many food and commodity crops in most parts of the world. This revision and update of the well-received first edition published ten years ago reflects the expansion of research in genomics, endosymbionts and semiochemicals, as well as the shift from control of aphids with insecticides to a more integrated approach imposed by increasing resistance in the aphids and government restrictions on pesticides. The book remains a comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on the biology of aphids, the various methods of controlling them and the progress of integrated pest management as illustrated by ten case histories.
Author: Lori J. Bushway Publisher: Natural Resource Agriculture and Engineering Service (Nraes) ISBN: 9781933395180 Category : Blackberries Languages : en Pages : 157
Author: Julie Graham Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319990314 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 164
Book Description
Raspberry is a globally-significant soft fruit crop, with increasing interest to consumers due to its versatility and health-related constituents. In this background context, it is therefore timely to consider the present and future status of the raspberry crop, particularly with the advances in the use of molecular tools and plant phenotyping to improve our understanding of improving crop quality and fruit yields. Since the 1980s a wealth of fundamental genomics and metabolomics resources have been developed for soft fruits including linkage maps, physical maps, QTLs and expression tools. However, a number of serious and emerging challenges exist for the raspberry industry, including the plants’ ability to resist major pest and disease burdens and the impact of climate change on crop production, specifically water use and water availability for soft fruit crops. This book aims to address some of these challenges by updating the information known about this important crop, its health value, the major pest and diseases which affect raspberry and approaches for their control, and the speed and precision offered by selective breeding programs by the deployment of molecular tools and linkage maps for germplasm assessment. Understanding the genetic control of commercially and nutritionally important traits and the linkage of these characteristics to molecular markers on chromosomes is the future basis of plant breeding. We will also introduce the opportunity to fast track breeding by improving the speed of phenotypic selection by utilizing imaging sensor technologies, thereby reducing the cost of years of field assessment through developing this knowledge into markers linked to key fruit traits. The chapters of this book will span the knowledge gained from the collaborations between growers, plant breeders, plant physiologists, soil scientists, geneticists, agronomists and physicists which is essential to achieve progress in improving productivity and a sustainable industry.
Author: M.F. Ryan Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 140200270X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 343
Book Description
This volume encompasses and unites all the major topics relating to Insect Chemoreception. Part 1 addresses topics such as plant/insect interactions, pheromones, ultrastructure, electrophysiology and the biochemistry of chemoreceptors. Part 2 embraces applications of plant chemicals and cultivars in insect pest control, host plant resistance and pheromones. A concluding chapter discusses the scope and potential of genetic engineering. This comprehensive account of the major aspects of sustainable insect pest control, together with the key references cited, will point the way to relevant research projects, and provide an up-to-date awareness of recent developments in the field. Audience: Graduate students and researchers in insect chemoreception, chemical ecology and sustainable pest control.
Author: Danielle Lightle
Author: Danielle Lightle
Author: Michael Dossett
Author: Helmut F van Emden
Author: 
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Lori J. Bushway
Author: New York State Agricultural Experiment Station
Author: Julie Graham
Author: M.F. Ryan