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Author: Samuel Njoroge Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783846539866 Category : Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
To produce a microsystem with favorable performance characteristics for genetic-based analyses, several key operational elements must be strategically chosen, including device substrate material, temperature control, fluidic control and reaction product readout. The advantages afforded by fully integrated microfluidic systems to enable challenging applications, such as single-copy DNA sequencing, single-cell gene expression analysis, pathogen detection, and forensic DNA analysis in formats that provide high throughput and point-of-analysis capabilities must be addressed by the researcher. This book focus on discussion on microfluidic systems that are composed of two or more microdevices directed toward DNA analyses. The discussions primarily focus on the integration of various processing steps with u-capillary electrophoresis (uCE) with discoveries that have led to the development of fully autonomous and functional integrated systems for genome processing that can supply "sample in / answer out" capabilities."
Author: Samuel Njoroge Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783846539866 Category : Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
To produce a microsystem with favorable performance characteristics for genetic-based analyses, several key operational elements must be strategically chosen, including device substrate material, temperature control, fluidic control and reaction product readout. The advantages afforded by fully integrated microfluidic systems to enable challenging applications, such as single-copy DNA sequencing, single-cell gene expression analysis, pathogen detection, and forensic DNA analysis in formats that provide high throughput and point-of-analysis capabilities must be addressed by the researcher. This book focus on discussion on microfluidic systems that are composed of two or more microdevices directed toward DNA analyses. The discussions primarily focus on the integration of various processing steps with u-capillary electrophoresis (uCE) with discoveries that have led to the development of fully autonomous and functional integrated systems for genome processing that can supply "sample in / answer out" capabilities."
Author: Peng Liu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 226
Book Description
Microfabrication technology offers great potential for the integration of all steps of forensic DNA typing onto a single microdevice. This integration should enable rapid, low-cost and reliable short tandem repeat (STR) analysis not only in forensic laboratories but also at crime scenes or other relevant point-of-analysis. As a first step towards making on-site STR typing possible, I developed a microdevice consisting of a 160-nL polymerase chain reaction (PCR) chamber and a 7-cm capillary electrophoresis (CE) channel and a portable instrument for its operation. A four-plex mini Y STR typing system was constructed for testing the capability of this microsystem for forensic STR typing. The successful analyses of casework and mixture samples validate the concept of forensic STR typing on a portable microfluidic system. To critically evaluate the capabilities of this portable system and the feasibility of DNA typing at a crime scene, real-time DNA analyses using a 9-plex autosomal STR typing system on a modified PCR-CE microdevice containing a co-injection structure for fragment sizing calculation were carried out at a mock crime scene. Blood stain collection, DNA extraction, STR analysis on the PCR-CE microsystem, and a DNA profile search against a mock CODIS database were successfully conducted within 6 hours of crime scene arrival. This demonstration establishes the feasibility of real-time DNA typing at a crime scene or other point-of-care situations. Finally, to achieve a total integrated analysis system for real-time STR typing, an up-front sequence-specific DNA extraction and concentration method using magnetic beads was developed and incorporated into the PCR-CE microdevice. Fragmented genomic DNA was hybridized with capture probes and immobilized onto magnetic beads via streptavidin-biotin binding in microchannels. The bead-DNA conjugates were then transported to a PCR reactor for amplification followed by inline injection using a novel capture concentration method for CE separation. This fully integrated system significantly advances the forensic DNA typing by providing a high-performance platform with sample-in-answer-out capability for real-time human identification.
Author: John M. Butler Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080470610 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 679
Book Description
Forensic DNA Typing, Second Edition, is the only book available that specifically covers detailed information on mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome. It examines the science of current forensic DNA typing methods by focusing on the biology, technology, and genetic interpretation of short tandem repeat (STR) markers, which encompass the most common forensic DNA analysis methods used today. The book covers topics from introductory level right up to cutting edge research. High-profile cases are addressed throughout the text, near the sections dealing with the science or issues behind these cases. Ten new chapters have been added to accommodate the explosion of new information since the turn of the century. These additional chapters cover statistical genetic analysis of DNA data, an emerging field of interest to DNA research. Several chapters on statistical analysis of short tandem repeat (STR) typing data have been contributed by Dr. George Carmody, a well-respected professor in forensic genetics. Specific examples make the concepts of population genetics more understandable. This book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in forensic DNA analysis, forensic scientists, population geneticists, military and private and public forensic laboratories (for identifying individuals through remains), and students of forensic science. *The only book available that specifically covers detailed information on mitochondrial DNA and the Y chromosome*Chapters cover the topic from introductory level right up to "cutting edge" research*High-profile cases are addressed throughout the book, near the sections dealing with the science or issues behind these cases*NEW TO THIS EDITION: D.N.A. Boxes--boxed "Data, Notes & Applications" sections throughout the book offer higher levels of detail on specific questions
Author: Xiujun James Li Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 9780857096975 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Microfluidics or lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is an important technology suitable for numerous applications from drug delivery to tissue engineering. Microfluidic devices for biomedical applications discusses the fundamentals of microfluidics and explores in detail a wide range of medical applications. The first part of the book reviews the fundamentals of microfluidic technologies for biomedical applications with chapters focussing on the materials and methods for microfabrication, microfluidic actuation mechanisms and digital microfluidic technologies. Chapters in part two examine applications in drug discovery and controlled-delivery including micro needles. Part three considers applications of microfluidic devices in cellular analysis and manipulation, tissue engineering and their role in developing tissue scaffolds and stem cell engineering. The final part of the book covers the applications of microfluidic devices in diagnostic sensing, including genetic analysis, low-cost bioassays, viral detection, and radio chemical synthesis. Microfluidic devices for biomedical applications is an essential reference for medical device manufacturers, scientists and researchers concerned with microfluidics in the field of biomedical applications and life-science industries.
Author: John M. Butler Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 012405854X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 609
Book Description
Advanced Topics in Forensic DNA Typing: Interpretation builds upon the previous two editions of John Butler's internationally acclaimed Forensic DNA Typing textbook with forensic DNA analysts as its primary audience. Intended as a third-edition companion to the Fundamentals of Forensic DNA Typing volume published in 2010 and Advanced Topics in Forensic DNA Typing: Methodology published in 2012, this book contains 16 chapters with 4 appendices providing up-to-date coverage of essential topics in this important field. Over 80 % of the content of this book is new compared to previous editions. - Provides forensic DNA analysts coverage of the crucial topic of DNA mixture interpretation and statistical analysis of DNA evidence - Worked mixture examples illustrate the impact of different statistical approaches for reporting results - Includes allele frequencies for 24 commonly used autosomal STR loci, the revised Quality Assurance Standards which went into effect September 2011
Author: Adrian Linacre Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118496523 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
Clearly structured throughout, the introduction highlights the different types of crime where these techniques are regularly used. This chapter includes a discussion as to who performs forensic wildlife examinations, the standardisation and validation of methods, and the role of the expert witness in this type of alleged crime. This is followed by a detailed section on the science behind DNA typing including the problems in isolating DNA from trace material and subsequent genetic analysis are also covered. The book then undertakes a comprehensive review of species testing using DNA, including a step-by-step guide to sequence comparisons. A comparison of the different markers used in species testing highlights the criteria for a genetic marker. A full set of case histories illustrates the use of the different markers used. The book details the use of genetic markers to link two or more hairs/feather/leaves/needles to the same individual organism and the software used in population assignment. The problems and possibilities in isolating markers, along with the construction of allele databases are discussed in this chapter. The book concludes with evaluation and reporting of genetic evidence in wildlife forensic science illustrated by examples of witness statements.
Author: Andras Guttman Publisher: Newnes ISBN: 0080931359 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 391
Book Description
Capillary Gel Electrophoresis and Related Microseparation Techniques covers all theoretical and practical aspects of capillary gel electrophoresis. It also provides an excellent overview of the key application areas of nucleic acid, protein and complex carbohydrate analysis, affinity-based methodologies, micropreparative aspects and related microseparation methods. It not only gives readers a better understanding of how to utilize this technology, but also provides insights into how to determine which method will provide the best technical solutions to particular problems. This book can also serve as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses in analytical chemistry, analytical biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology courses. - Covers all theoretical and practical aspects of capillary gel electrophoresis - Excellent overview of the key applications of nucleic acid, protein and complex carbohydrate analysis, affinity-based methodologies, micropreparative aspects and related microseparation methods - Teaches readers how to use the technology and select methods that are ideal for fundamental problems - Can serve as a textbook for undergraduate and graduate courses in analytical chemistry, analytical biochemistry, molecular biology and biotechnology courses
Author: Paul A. Schulte Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0323138578 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 609
Book Description
This book will serve as a primer for both laboratory and field scientists who are shaping the emerging field of molecular epidemiology. Molecular epidemiology utilizes the same paradigm as traditional epidemiology but uses biological markers to identify exposure, disease or susceptibility. Schulte and Perera present the epidemiologic methods pertinent to biological markers. The book is also designed to enumerate the considerations necessary for valid field research and provide a resource on the salient and subtle features of biological indicators.
Author: Shekhar Bhansali Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0857096273 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 511
Book Description
The application of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in the biomedical field is leading to a new generation of medical devices. MEMS for biomedical applications reviews the wealth of recent research on fabrication technologies and applications of this exciting technology.The book is divided into four parts: Part one introduces the fundamentals of MEMS for biomedical applications, exploring the microfabrication of polymers and reviewing sensor and actuator mechanisms. Part two describes applications of MEMS for biomedical sensing and diagnostic applications. MEMS for in vivo sensing and electrical impedance spectroscopy are investigated, along with ultrasonic transducers, and lab-on-chip devices. MEMS for tissue engineering and clinical applications are the focus of part three, which considers cell culture and tissue scaffolding devices, BioMEMS for drug delivery and minimally invasive medical procedures. Finally, part four reviews emerging biomedical applications of MEMS, from implantable neuroprobes and ocular implants to cellular microinjection and hybrid MEMS.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, MEMS for biomedical applications provides an authoritative review for scientists and manufacturers involved in the design and development of medical devices as well as clinicians using this important technology. - Reviews the wealth of recent research on fabrication technologies and applications of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in the biomedical field - Introduces the fundamentals of MEMS for biomedical applications, exploring the microfabrication of polymers and reviewing sensor and actuator mechanisms - Considers MEMS for biomedical sensing and diagnostic applications, along with MEMS for in vivo sensing and electrical impedance spectroscopy
Author: Richard Li Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439889724 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 558
Book Description
Focusing on forensic serology and forensic DNA analysis, this book introduces students to the methods and techniques utilized by forensic biology laboratories. Using schematic illustrations to clarify concepts, this second edition explores the latest DNA profiling tools, contains three new chapters, and provides 200 new images. It also includes new tables for many chapters. Covering the full scope of forensic biology, the book uses an accessible style designed to enhance students education and training so they are prepared, both in the laboratory and in the field.
Author: Samuel Njoroge
Author: Samuel Njoroge
Author: Peng Liu
Author: John M. Butler
Author: Xiujun James Li
Author: John M. Butler
Author: Adrian Linacre
Author: Andras Guttman
Author: Paul A. Schulte
Author: Shekhar Bhansali
Author: Richard Li