Institutional Change and Stability PDF Download

Author: Andreas Gémes
Publisher: Plus
ISBN: 9788884926487
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 256

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Author: Douglass C. North
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521397346
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 164

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An analytical framework for explaining the ways in which institutions and institutional change affect the performance of economies is developed in this analysis of economic structures.

Author: Jan Olsson
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1349949221
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 126

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This book theorizes subversive action, a neglected mechanism in the new institutionalism literature. Subversive action is political in nature, secretly undermining some institutions to open up alternative ideas or to secure existing institutions by secretly undermining adversaries. An example is a politician who promises change in public, but does something else behind the scenes to preserve the status quo. The book addresses the nature and meaning of subversive action and the contexts that give rise to it, as well as how it can work as an important mechanism behind institutional change and continuity. The book will interest students and scholars of public policy, public administration and political science.

Author: Thomas Heberer
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134036299
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 401

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Using in-depth case studies of a wide-range of political, social and economic reforms in contemporary China this volume sheds light on the significance and consequences of institutional change for stability of the political system in China. The contributors examine how reforms shape and change Communist rule and Chinese society, and to what extent they may engender new legitimacy for the CCP regime and argue that authoritarian regimes like the PRC can successfully generate stability in the same way as democracies. Topics addressed include: ideological reform, rural tax- for-fees reforms, elections in villages and urban neighbourhood communities, property rights in rural industries, endogenous political constraints of transition, internalising capital markets, the media market in transition, the current social security system, the labour market environmental policy reforms to anti-poverty policies and NGOs. Exploring the possibility of legitimate one-party rule in China, this book is a stimulating and informative read for students and scholars interested in political science and Chinese politics

Author: Peter A. Hall
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199247749
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 557

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Applying the new economics of organisation and relational theories of the firm to the problem of understanding cross-national variation in the political economy, this volume elaborates a new understanding of the institutional differences that characterise the 'varieties of capitalism' worldwide.

Author: Franco L. Furger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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From a theoretical point of view, explaining institutional stability and institutional change has remained a difficult task. The new institutional economics initially identified economic efficiency as the main driver of institutional change. In more recent times, it has been recognized that efficiency considerations alone don't always account for institutional change, and that the direction of change may significantly be affected by cultural factors and cognitive limitations. Conceptualizing these seemingly intuitive notions has proven very difficult. In this paper, I introduce the concepts of mutually reinforcing practices and of belief networks to explain several to account both for institutional stability and institutional change. I illustrate the usefulness of these concepts by focusing on several puzzling practices of marine insurance. I show that transaction costs and cognitive limitations are poor explanations of the entrenched nature of these institutions. I demonstrate that networks of beliefs and practices are a better explanation of the stability of these institutions. In a second step, I focus on two critical events, the crisis of the international maritime industry and exogenous regulatory and economic shocks, as an opportunity to better understand the mechanisms of institutional change. Central to this discussion are two questions: why did these changes occurred only in the late 20th century and not earlier, and what may account for the direction of the observed institutional change. I show that neither efficiency nor power explain this institutional transition. I identify three key factors that have triggered this transition, generalized uncertainty, periodicity, and economic impact. Finally, I provide some evidence for the hypothesis that updated practices of marine insurance are compatible with an institutional transition that minimizes changes to existing belief networks.

Author: Wolfgang Streeck
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191566772
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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Debates surrounding institutional change have become increasingly central to Political Science, Management Studies, and Sociology, opposing the role of globalization in bringing about a convergence of national economies and institutions on one model to theories about 'Varieties of Capitalism'. This book brings together a distinguished set of contributors from a variety of disciplines to examine current theories of institutional change. The chapters highlight the limitations of these theories, finding them lacking in the analytic tools necessary to identify the changes occurring at a national level, and therefore tend to explain many changes and innovation as simply another version of previous situations. Instead a model emerges of contemporary political economies developing in incremental but cumulatively transformative processes. The contributors show that a wide, but not infinite, variety of models of institutional change exist which can meaningfully distinguished and analytically compared. They offer an empirically grounded typology of modes of institutional change that offer important insights on mechanisms of social and political stability, and evolution generally. Beyond Continuity provides a more complex and fundamental understanding of institutional change, and will be important reading for academics, researchers, and advanced students of Political Science, Management Studies, Sociology, and Economics.

Author: Douglass C. North
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139642960
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Book Description
Continuing his groundbreaking analysis of economic structures, Douglass North develops an analytical framework for explaining the ways in which institutions and institutional change affect the performance of economies, both at a given time and over time. Institutions exist, he argues, due to the uncertainties involved in human interaction; they are the constraints devised to structure that interaction. Yet, institutions vary widely in their consequences for economic performance; some economies develop institutions that produce growth and development, while others develop institutions that produce stagnation. North first explores the nature of institutions and explains the role of transaction and production costs in their development. The second part of the book deals with institutional change. Institutions create the incentive structure in an economy, and organisations will be created to take advantage of the opportunities provided within a given institutional framework. North argues that the kinds of skills and knowledge fostered by the structure of an economy will shape the direction of change and gradually alter the institutional framework. He then explains how institutional development may lead to a path-dependent pattern of development. In the final part of the book, North explains the implications of this analysis for economic theory and economic history. He indicates how institutional analysis must be incorporated into neo-classical theory and explores the potential for the construction of a dynamic theory of long-term economic change. Douglass C. North is Director of the Center of Political Economy and Professor of Economics and History at Washington University in St. Louis. He is a past president of the Economic History Association and Western Economics Association and a Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has written over sixty articles for a variety of journals and is the author of The Rise of the Western World: A New Economic History (CUP, 1973, with R.P. Thomas) and Structure and Change in Economic History (Norton, 1981). Professor North is included in Great Economists Since Keynes edited by M. Blaug (CUP, 1988 paperback ed.)

Author: Daron Acemoglu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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In this essay, we provide a simple conceptual framework to elucidate the forces that lead to institutional persistence and change. Our framework is based on a dynamic game between different groups, who care both about current policies and institutions and future policies, which are themselves determined by current institutional choices, and clarifies the forces that lead to the most extreme form of institutional persistence ("institutional stasis") and the potential drivers of institutional change. We further study the strategic stability of institutions, which arises when institutions persist because of fear of subsequent, less beneficial changes that would follow initial reforms. More importantly, we emphasize that, despite the popularity of ideas based on institutional stasis in the economics and political science literatures, most institutions are in a constant state of flux, but their trajectory may still be shaped by past institutional choices, thus exhibiting "path-dependent change", so that initial conditions determine both the subsequent trajectories of institutions and how they respond to shocks. We conclude the essay by discussing how institutions can be designed to bolster stability, the relationship between social mobility and institutions, and the interplay between culture and institutions.

Author: Mark Blyth
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521010528
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 300

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This book picks up where Karl Polanyi's study of economic and political change left off. Building upon Polanyi's conception of the double movement, Blyth analyzes the two periods of deep seated institutional change that characterized the twentieth century: the 1930s and the 1970s. Blyth views both sets of changes as part of the same dynamic. In the 1930s labor reacted against the exigencies of the market and demanded state action to mitigate the market's effects by 'embedding liberalism.' In the 1970s, those who benefited least from such 'embedding' institutions, namely business, reacted against these constraints and sought to overturn that institutional order. Blyth demonstrates the critical role economic ideas played in making institutional change possible. Great Transformations rethinks the relationship between uncertainty, ideas, and interests, achieving profound new insights on how, and under what conditions, institutional change takes place.