Author: José Raúl García-Barrios
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 474

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Book Description

Author: Morris Altman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Technological change is modeled as endogenous in the sense that it is affected by economic, behavioral, and institutional variables. Technological change is especially affected by changes in relative input prices and their level, of which the price of labor is particularly important. Input prices are affected by institutional variables. Such prices also impact on the firm's efficiency, which in turn affects growth rates as well as the rate of technical change. As relative factor prices or their level increase, firms are induced to innovate or adopt extant technology to remain competitive or to maintain current profit rates. High wage firms can be expected to engage in such induced technological change, leading the growth process thereby yielding lower unit costs and increasing the level of material welfare. Relatively low wage economies can be locked into a state of economic inefficiency and laggard technological progress, especially in the long run.

Author: Douglass C. North
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139642960
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Book Description
Continuing his groundbreaking analysis of economic structures, Douglass North develops an analytical framework for explaining the ways in which institutions and institutional change affect the performance of economies, both at a given time and over time. Institutions exist, he argues, due to the uncertainties involved in human interaction; they are the constraints devised to structure that interaction. Yet, institutions vary widely in their consequences for economic performance; some economies develop institutions that produce growth and development, while others develop institutions that produce stagnation. North first explores the nature of institutions and explains the role of transaction and production costs in their development. The second part of the book deals with institutional change. Institutions create the incentive structure in an economy, and organisations will be created to take advantage of the opportunities provided within a given institutional framework. North argues that the kinds of skills and knowledge fostered by the structure of an economy will shape the direction of change and gradually alter the institutional framework. He then explains how institutional development may lead to a path-dependent pattern of development. In the final part of the book, North explains the implications of this analysis for economic theory and economic history. He indicates how institutional analysis must be incorporated into neo-classical theory and explores the potential for the construction of a dynamic theory of long-term economic change. Douglass C. North is Director of the Center of Political Economy and Professor of Economics and History at Washington University in St. Louis. He is a past president of the Economic History Association and Western Economics Association and a Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has written over sixty articles for a variety of journals and is the author of The Rise of the Western World: A New Economic History (CUP, 1973, with R.P. Thomas) and Structure and Change in Economic History (Norton, 1981). Professor North is included in Great Economists Since Keynes edited by M. Blaug (CUP, 1988 paperback ed.)

Author: Shiping Tang
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351578057
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Book Description
Institutional change is a central driving force behind social changes, and thus a central topic in all major fields of social sciences. Yet, no general theory of institutional change exists. Drawing from a diverse literature, this book develops a general theory of institutional change, based on a social evolutionary synthesis of the conflict approach and the harmony approach. The book argues that because the whole process of institutional change can be understood as a process of selecting a few ideas and turning them into institutions, competition of ideas and struggle for power to make rules are often at the heart of institutional change. The general theory not only integrates more specific theories and insights on institutional change that have been scattered in different fields into a coherent general theory but also provides fundamental new insights and points to new directions for future research. This book makes a fundamental contribution to all major fields of social sciences: sociology (sociological theory), political sciences, institutional economics, and political theory. It should be of general interest to scholars and students in all major fields of social science.

Author: Wolfgang Streeck
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199280452
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 309

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Book Description
"This book examines current theories of institutional change. The chapters highlight the limitations of these theories. Instead a model emerges of contemporary political economies developing in incremental but cumulatively transformative processes"--Provided by publisher.

Author: James Mahoney
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521118832
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 253

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Book Description
The essays in this book contribute to emerging debates in political science and sociology on institutional change, providing a theoretical framework and empirical applications.

Author: Shuanping Dai
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317749529
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 240

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Book Description
The questions such as, ‘why the focuses of national policies vary significantly across countries, although their sources of policies are to a great extent identical’; ‘why national development experiences mostly cannot be transplanted successfully among countries’; ‘why some ineffective institutions persist over long periods of time’, have attracted numerous efforts. This book provides a new perspective and argues that the answers lie in the existence of the networks of institutions and thus of national systems of policies (NSP) within national frameworks. Institutions are the equilibria of games and exist as rules of games. Therefore, a basic setting is that institutions emerge endogenously from a series of social interactions, and the interacting human agents are connected and interdependent at the overlapping interaction platforms. National policies and developmental strategies can be modelled in this approach too. The networks of institutions describe the dynamic connected structure among institutions in the process of social interactions over time. Regarding the national policies response to the recent economic crises, this book argues that the difference comes from the distinct understandings of the tags of the policies, which highly depend on the distinct national contexts, such as national interests, cultural background, political systems and so forth. This book represents a significant contribution to the literature which will be essential reading for those interested in institutional economics, network theory, social structures and economic policy. In particular, the approach of applying network game theory in institutional emergence, and the terms developed, i.e. tags of institutions, and national systems of policies, in this book, are illuminating and deserve more attention.

Author: Jack Knight
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
ISBN: 9780472085767
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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Book Description
Important scholars offer new perspectives on the formation and growth of social institutions

Author: Sandra Batie
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135974918
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 449

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Book Description
This book is the outcome of a workshop at Michigan State University on the career of A. Allan Schmid offering a collection of original essays that explore several approaches to understanding the impact of alternative legal-economic institutions.

Author: John L. Campbell
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 9780691089218
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 268

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Book Description
This book is about some of the most important problems confronting social scientists who study institutions and institutional change. It is also about globalization, particularly the frequent claim that globalization is transforming national political and economic institutions as never before.