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Book Description
Les études urbaines (Urban Studies) et organisationnelles (Organization Studies) sur la ville durable ont focalisé leur attention sur la question de la gouvernance, en particulier sur la participation des citoyens et des stakeholders. Très peu de travaux ont étudié, en revanche, la naissance des projets urbains durables sous l'angle de la conception et de son pilotage. La conception de la ville durable ou de morceaux de ville (les quartiers durables) pose pourtant des questions multiples. La première touche à la naissance et à l'évolution de nouveaux objets de conception associés à de nouvelles fonctions (mixité sociale, mixité fonctionnelle, fonctions écologiques et écosystémiques). Tracer la transformation successive des objets intermédiaires de conception (programme, plans masse, réception du quartier ou des bâtiments, vie en marche) qui jalonnent et cristallisent ce processus de création collective dans le cadre de projets innovants constitue un premier objectif de la thèse. Ce travail permet de mettre en évidence les ruptures et les discontinuités dans les processus de conception qui tiennent aux différentes modélisations de ces objets. La deuxième question est relative aux instruments et aux langages (ingénieriques, comme l'écoconception, économiques et juridiques) qui constituent des supports cognitifs pour l'action des concepteurs. Ainsi nous caractérisons les nouveaux instruments et langages mobilisés dans le cadre de ces projets urbains innovants et analysons la façon dont ils permettent de doter les concepteurs de nouvelles capacités de conception. Enfin, nous abordons la question des conditions d'une cohésion au sein des collectifs d'acteurs engagés dans les projets urbains durables. L'émiettement et l'hétérogénéité des acteurs des projets urbains rendent, en effet, cette recherche de cohésion particulièrement difficile à obtenir. Dans cette perspective, nous avons identifié des situations innovantes où émerge un rôle collectif de conception qui dépasse les intérêts et les identités professionnelles particuliers des acteurs. Cette découverte ouvre un nouveau champ d'interaction à l'interface entre Organization Studies, Urban Studies et le Pragmatism.
Book Description
Les études urbaines (Urban Studies) et organisationnelles (Organization Studies) sur la ville durable ont focalisé leur attention sur la question de la gouvernance, en particulier sur la participation des citoyens et des stakeholders. Très peu de travaux ont étudié, en revanche, la naissance des projets urbains durables sous l'angle de la conception et de son pilotage. La conception de la ville durable ou de morceaux de ville (les quartiers durables) pose pourtant des questions multiples. La première touche à la naissance et à l'évolution de nouveaux objets de conception associés à de nouvelles fonctions (mixité sociale, mixité fonctionnelle, fonctions écologiques et écosystémiques). Tracer la transformation successive des objets intermédiaires de conception (programme, plans masse, réception du quartier ou des bâtiments, vie en marche) qui jalonnent et cristallisent ce processus de création collective dans le cadre de projets innovants constitue un premier objectif de la thèse. Ce travail permet de mettre en évidence les ruptures et les discontinuités dans les processus de conception qui tiennent aux différentes modélisations de ces objets. La deuxième question est relative aux instruments et aux langages (ingénieriques, comme l'écoconception, économiques et juridiques) qui constituent des supports cognitifs pour l'action des concepteurs. Ainsi nous caractérisons les nouveaux instruments et langages mobilisés dans le cadre de ces projets urbains innovants et analysons la façon dont ils permettent de doter les concepteurs de nouvelles capacités de conception. Enfin, nous abordons la question des conditions d'une cohésion au sein des collectifs d'acteurs engagés dans les projets urbains durables. L'émiettement et l'hétérogénéité des acteurs des projets urbains rendent, en effet, cette recherche de cohésion particulièrement difficile à obtenir. Dans cette perspective, nous avons identifié des situations innovantes où émerge un rôle collectif de conception qui dépasse les intérêts et les identités professionnelles particuliers des acteurs. Cette découverte ouvre un nouveau champ d'interaction à l'interface entre Organization Studies, Urban Studies et le Pragmatism.
Author: Bruno Peuportier Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1315349558 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
The Chair on Ecodesign for buildings and infrastructures was created by ParisTech in partnership with VINCI with the aim of developing evaluation and simulation tools that integrate all ecodesign aspects (e.g. greenhouse gas emissions, impact on biodiversity, depletion of resources, etc.) and provide genuine decision-aid instruments, based on a scientific approach, to all those involved in the urban environment (i.e. designers, builders and users). The present book takes stock of five years of research under the Chair. It starts by presenting some methodological bases of ecodesign, life cycle assessments, impact studies, and methods for planning and transport. Several specific subjects are then covered, i.e. public transport, parking, road traffic, the environmental profile of building materials, building retrofits, energy management, and biodiversity. The last part of the book sets out how the knowledge and tools developed under the Chair were applied to a case study: Cité Descartes in Marne la Vallée (Ile de France). This work is aimed at urban planners, local authorities, contracting clients, architects, engineering firms, contractors, building managers, research lecturers, and anyone interested in the environmental quality of the places we live in.
Author: Simon Marvin Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351862677 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 456
Book Description
All cities face a pressing challenge – how can they provide economic prosperity and social cohesion while achieving environmental sustainability? In response, new collaborations are emerging in the form of urban living labs – sites devised to design, test and learn from social and technical innovation in real time. The aim of this volume is to examine, inform and advance the governance of sustainability transitions through urban living labs. Notably, urban living labs are proliferating rapidly across the globe as a means through which public and private actors are testing innovations in buildings, transport and energy systems. Yet despite the experimentation taking place on the ground, we lack systematic learning and international comparison across urban and national contexts about their impacts and effectiveness. We have limited knowledge on how good practice can be scaled up to achieve the transformative change required. This book brings together leading international researchers within a systematic comparative framework for evaluating the design, practices and processes of urban living labs to enable the comparative analysis of their potential and limits. It provides new insights into the governance of urban sustainability and how to improve the design and implementation of urban living labs in order to realise their potential.
Author: Alison Blay-Palmer Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0429801386 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
Sustainable Food System Assessment provides both practical and theoretical insights about the growing interest in and response to measuring food system sustainability. Bringing together research from the Global North and South, this book shares lessons learned, explores intended and actual project outcomes, and highlights points of conceptual and methodological convergence. Interest in assessing food system sustainability is growing, as evidenced by the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact and the importance food systems initiatives have taken in serving as a lever for attaining the UN Sustainable Development Goals. This book opens by looking at the conceptual considerations of food systems indicators, including the place-based dimensions of food systems indicators and how measurements are implicated in sense-making and visioning processes. Chapters in the second part cover operationalizing metrics, including the development of food systems indicator frameworks, degrees of indicator complexities, and practical constraints to assessment. The final part focuses on the outcomes of assessment projects, including impacts on food policy and communities involved, highlighting the importance of building connections between sustainable food systems initiatives. The global coverage and multi-scalar perspectives, including both conceptual and practical aspects, make this a key resource for academics and practitioners across planning, geography, urban studies, food studies, and research methods. It will also be of interest to government officials and those working within NGOs. The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.routledge.com/Sustainable-Food-System-Assessment-Lessons-from-Global-Practice/Blay-Palmer-Conare-Meter-Battista-Johnston/p/book/9781032083933, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Author: Daniel R. Thevenot Publisher: IWA Publishing ISBN: 1843391600 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 313
Book Description
The European DayWater project has developed a prototype of an Adaptive Decision Support System (ADSS) related to urban stormwater pollution source control. The DayWater ADSS greatly facilitates decision-making for stormwater source control, which is currently impeded by the large number of stakeholders involved and by the necessary multidisciplinary knowledge. This book presents the results of this project, providing new insights into both technical and management issues. The main objectives of its technical chapters are pollution source control modelling, risk and impact assessment, and evaluation and comparison of best management practices. It also covers management aspects, such as the analysis of the decision-making processes in stormwater source control, at a European scale, and stormwater management strategies in general. The combination of scientific-technical and socio-managerial knowledge, with the strong cooperation of numerous end-users, reflects the innovative character of this book which includes actual applications of the ADSS prototype in significant case studies. DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management contains 26 chapters collectively prepared by DayWater scientific partners and end-users associated with this European Research and Development project. It includes: A general presentation of the DayWater Adaptive Decision Support System (ADSS) structure and operation modes A detailed description of the major components of this ADSS prototype The assessment of its components in significant case studies in France, Germany and Sweden The proceedings of the International Conference on Decision Support Systems for Integrated Urban Water Management, held in Paris on 3-4 November 2005. The book presents the ADSS prototype including a combination of freely accessible on-line databases, guidance documents, “road maps” and modelling or multi-criteria analysis tools. As demonstrated in several significant case studies the challenge for stormwater managers is to make the benefits of urban stormwater management visible to society, resulting in active co-operation of a diversity of stakeholders. Only then, will sustainable management succeed. DayWater: an Adaptive Decision Support System for Urban Stormwater Management advances this cause of sustainable urban management through Urban stormwater management, and makes achievable (by means of risk and vulnerability tools which are included) the goal of integrated urban water management (IUWM).
Author: Harriet Bulkeley Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1135130124 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 281
Book Description
Climate change is one of the most significant global challenges facing the world today. It is also a critical issue for the world’s cities. Now home to over half the world’s population, urban areas are significant sources of greenhouse gas emissions and are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Responding to climate change is a profound challenge. A variety of actors are involved in urban climate governance, with municipal governments, international organisations, and funding bodies pointing to cities as key arenas for response. This book provides the first critical introduction to these challenges, giving an overview of the science and policy of climate change at the global level and the emergence of climate change as an urban policy issue. It considers the challenges of governing climate change in the city in the context of the changing nature of urban politics, economics, society and infrastructures. It looks at how responses for mitigation and adaptation have emerged within the city, and the implications of climate change for social and environmental justice. Drawing on examples from cities in the north and south, and richly illustrated with detailed case-studies, this book will enable students to understand the potential and limits of addressing climate change at the urban level and to explore the consequences for our future cities. It will be essential reading for undergraduate students across the disciplines of geography, politics, sociology, urban studies, planning and science and technology studies.
Author: Denise Pumain Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1402041276 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 248
Book Description
Hierarchy is a form of organisation of complex systems that rely on or produce a strong differentiation in capacity (power and size) between the parts of the system. It is frequently observed within the natural living world as well as in social institutions. According to the authors, hierarchy results from random processes, follows an intentional design, or is the result of the organisation which ensures an optimal circulation of energy for information. This book reviews ancient and modern representations and explanations of hierarchies, and compares their relevance in a variety of fields, such as language, societies, cities, and living species. It throws light on concepts and models such as scaling laws, fractals and self-organisation that are fundamental in the dynamics and morphology of complex systems. At a time when networks are celebrated for their efficiency, flexibility and better social acceptance, much can be learned about the persistent universality and adaptability of hierarchies, and from the analogies and differences between biological and social organisation and processes. This book addresses a wide audience of biologists and social scientists, as well as managers and executives in a variety of institutions.
Author: M. Santamouris Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 113425797X Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 627
Book Description
Both the number and percentage of people living in urban areas is growing rapidly. Up to half of the world's population is expected to be living in a city by the end of the century and there are over 170 cities in the world with populations over a million. Cities have a huge impact on the local climate and require vast quantities of energy to keep them functioning. The urban environment in turn has a big impact on the performance and needs of buildings. The size, scale and mechanism of these interactions is poorly understood and strategies to mitigate them are rarely implemented. This is the first comprehensive book to address these questions. It arises out of a programme of work (POLISTUDIES) carried out for the Save programme of the European Commission. Chapters describe not only the main problems encountered such as the heat island and canyon effects, but also a range of design solutions that can be adopted both to improve the energy performance and indoor air quality of individual buildings and to look at aspects of urban design that can reduce these climatic effects. The book concludes with some examples of innovative urban bioclimatic buildings. The project was co-ordinated by Professor Mat Santamouris from the University of Athens who is also the editor of the book. Other contributions are from the University of Thessaloniki, Greece, ENTPE, Lyons, France and the University of Stuttgart, Germany.
Author: Rebecca Pinheiro-Croisel
Author: Rebecca Pinheiro-Croisel
Author: Bruno Peuportier
Author: Simon Marvin
Author: Alison Blay-Palmer
Author: UNESCO
Author: Daniel R. Thevenot
Author: 
Author: Harriet Bulkeley
Author: Denise Pumain
Author: M. Santamouris