Author: Gabriele Gusmini
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 186

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Book Description
Keywords: new genes, qualitative inheritance, quantitative inheritance.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
The watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai var. lanatus] is a major vegetable crop in the United States. The genetics of this crop have been widely studied and several genes reported. Nevertheless, further investigation was needed for genes determining the appearance of the fruit (rind and flesh colors), the weight of single fruit, and resistance to gummy stem blight, a severe disease of watermelon caused by Didymella bryoniae (Auersw.) Rehm. In this work the inheritance of novel rind phenotypes was measured and the genetics of flesh color verified. Three new genes were identified: Dr for the deep-red flesh color of 'Dixielee' and 'Red-N-Sweet', Yb for the yellow belly of 'Black Diamond Yellow Belly', and is for the intermittent stripes of 'Navajo Sweet'. The spotted phenotype from 'Moon and Stars' was transferred to light green and gray cultivar for the development of novel varieties with distinctive rind patterns. Yield of 80 diverse cultivars was evaluated in replicated experiments. Some of the new, elite hybrid cultivars were in the top yielding group, however old, inbred cultivars appeared in the top group as well. Consistent and significant differences among the 80 cultivars tested suggests genetic variation for yield. Since most watermelon consumers are interested in smaller fruit, six adapted cultivars bearing the largest and smallest fruit were crossed in a half-diallel, producing F1, F2, and backcross generations. Genotypic variances, heritability, and gain from selection were estimated. High environmental variance and low narrow- and broad-sense heritability were recorded. Finally, the inheritance of resistance to gummy stem blight, previously attributed to the db gene, was verified. A genetic system more complex than a single gene seems to regulate the transmission of resistance from resistant to susceptible germplasm. Due to the complexity of phenotypic testing for this disease in watermelon, a new project for the development of mole.

Author: Lingli Lou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 134

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Book Description
Keywords: watermelon, flesh color, stripe, rind, seed coat color, seed size, fruit weight, total soluble solids.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Watermelon fruit characters may affect customer acceptance of the watermelon fruit. The qualitative fruit traits, such as flesh color, seed size, seed coat color, rind pattern, fruit shape, exhibit wide ranges of phenotypes. The flesh color can be red, orange, yellow, or white. The seed length of watermelon also varies from 4.4mm to 16.5mm. The seeds can have various coat colors or other decorations. The rind of watermelon fruits can be striped or solid colored, which are further characterized by different stripe widths, stripe colors, backgrounds colors, and additional modifications. The fruit shape can be elongate, oblong, and round. Other fruit traits include shape of fruit blossom end, fruit surface characters, and hollow-hearted flesh. By crossing watermelon cultivars with different phenotypes, we studied the inheritance of the various phenotypes and identified and verified genes responsible for the flesh color, seed size, rind pattern, and fruit shape. In addition, we studied the quantitative traits of the fruit weight and total soluble solids content. The calculated broad-sense and narrow-sense heritability for fruit weight is low to medium, indicating large environmental effect on fruit weight. Medium to high heritability is found for the total soluble solid content, suggesting possible gains from selection.

Author: Rakesh Kumar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 128

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Book Description
Keywords: Narrow-sense heritability, broad-sense heritability, genotypic correlation, rind, shape, outcrossing, watermelon.

Author: Sudip Kr. Dutta
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031347161
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 175

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Book Description
This book is the first comprehensive compilation of deliberations on botany, genetic resources and diversity, classical genetics and traditional breeding, genetic transformation, and detailed enumeration on molecular maps and mapping of economic genes and QTLs, whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics in watermelon, and elucidation on functional genomics. The genomic resources for disease resistance, genomics of fruit and quality traits of watermelon, and molecular and metabolic regulation of nutraceuticals in watermelon are discussed. Mapping of quality traits, and biotic and abiotic resistance is also to be discussed. The genome draft of watermelon and application of genome editing are covered. The book contains approximately 250 pages and over 10 chapters authored by globally reputed experts on the relevant field in this crop. This book is useful to the students, teachers, and scientists in academia and relevant private companies interested in horticulture, genetics, breeding, pathology, entomology, physiology, molecular genetics and genomics, in vitro culture and genetic engineering, and structural and functional genomics. This book is also useful for seed industries.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description
Watermelon is a diverse crop in terms of qualitative genetic traits, with many different fruit types among the cultivars. We were interested in determining the optimum method for improving yield, and measuring the heritability and rate of natural outcrossing within elite populations. The rate of natural outcrossing is dependent upon the distance between plants, as well as other factors such as location and cultivar. The objective of this study was to 1) estimate narrow-sense heritability for yield using parent-offspring regression in two watermelon populations (NCHYWI and NCHYW2); 2) determine the inheritance of fruit yield, rind pattern, and fruit shape in six generations (PaS1, PaS2, F1, F2, BC1Pa and BC1Pb) of three families; and 3) determine the rate of natural outcrossing effected by in-row spacing and cultivars. Field trials were conducted at two locations in North Carolina (Clinton and Kinston) to determine the narrow-sense heritability for yield in NCHYW1 and NCHYW2 watermelon populations using parent-offspring regression. Low estimates of narrow-sense heritability were recorded for total fruit weight (0.04-0.12), marketable fruit weight (0.06-0.15), total fruit number (0.04-0.16), fruit size (0.18-0.19), and percent culls (0.02-0.09) for NCHYW1 and NCHYW2 populations, respectively. Only low gain in yield can be made due to single-plant selection, based on the populations used. Strong positive genotypic correlations were observed between total fruit weight and marketable fruit weight; total fruit weight and marketable fruit weight with fruit size, and negative correlation was recorded between total fruit number and fruit size, and total fruit weight and marketable fruit weight with percent culls. In the second experiment consisting of three families and six generations, a low to intermediate level of heritability was reported for total fruit weight, total fruit number, and fruit size. Recurrent selection is recommended to improve populations for these traits.

Author: Dorothy Ann Eyberg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 232

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Book Description

Author: Sisir Kamal Dutta
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Anthracnose
Languages : en
Pages : 74

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Book Description

Author: H.N. Nigg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489925848
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 444

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Book Description
This book was tbe result of a symposium beld at tbe American Cbernical Society meeting in Miami Beacb, Florida, September 10-15, 1989. The symposium was jointly sponsored by Tbe Society for Economfc Botany and tbe American Cbernical Society Food and Natural Product sub division. Tbere were five speakers. During tbe social sessions (mostly over drinks in abotel room), it became obvious tbat, regardless of tbe discipline, we were all speaking tbe same language. Yet, prior to tbe symposium, only a few of tbe participants knew one anotber. We decided to expand tbe symposium into a book. The book would, we boped, accomplish for otbers wbat we bad discovered in ourselves. That is, the field of Natural Products is broad, but similar in techniques and approach, ancient but modern, and bas been and continues to be extremely valuable to humankind. We wanted the book to serve as an introductory text for courses and as a reference work for the future. We also determined to include the structure of every chemical in the chapter where it was mentioned so the reader would not have to find the structure somewhere else or to try and deduce the structure from the chemical name. Little did we know what an undertaking these goals would be or the time this would take.