Influence of Ocean Deoxygenation on Demersal Fish Communities PDF Download

Author: Natalya D. Gallo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 394

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Book Description
As oceans warm due to anthropogenic climate change, the global ocean oxygen inventory decreases in a process known as ocean deoxygenation. Since oxygen is fundamental for aerobic life, ocean deoxygenation can impact marine organisms across multiple levels of biological organization. This research used the steep gradients in oxygen characteristic of upwelling margins with oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), as a natural experiment to study how hypoxia affects the composition, diversity, trophic structure and dynamics of demersal fish communities. Despite the severely hypoxic conditions ([O2]

Author: Arthur Capet
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889635864
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128036451
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 384

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Book Description
Advances in Marine Biology has been providing in-depth and up-to-date reviews on all aspects of marine biology since 1963 — more than 50 years of outstanding coverage from a comprehensive serial that is well known for its contents and editing. This latest addition to the series includes updates on many topics that will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology, and biological oceanography. Specialty areas for the series include marine science, both applied and basic, a wide range of topical areas from all areas of marine ecology, oceanography, fisheries management, and molecular biology, and the full range of geographic areas from polar seas to tropical coral reefs. Reviews articles on the latest advances in marine biology Authored by leading figures in their respective fields of study Presents materials that are widely used by managers, students, and academic professionals in the marine sciences Provides value to anyone studying bottlenose dolphins, deep-sea macrofauna, marine invertebrates, pinna nobilis, and ecology, amongst other study areas

Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9781009157971
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 755

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Book Description
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Author: Andrew J. Lawrence
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470999683
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 368

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Book Description
The impact of pollution on fisheries and the potential health implications of eating contaminated fish are areas of considerable concern for the fishing and aquaculture communities, government bodies and the general public. Pollution, as well as over fishing, may well be contributory to recent serious declines in global fish stocks. Effects of Pollution on Fish brings together the work of many international experts each of whom have examined the literature on marine and freshwater fish and, where appropriate, invertebrates, to produce comprehensive chapters covering all major aspects of the impacts of pollution on fish and fisheries. The book describes these impacts in detail, from the molecular and sub-cellular level, through organism to population and community levels, and subsequently to socio-economic implications. The editors of this thorough and timely book have drawn together contributions encompassing molecular genetics, biochemistry, physiology, population and community biology, and fishery economics. As such, this important book will be of great use and interest to students and professionals studying and teaching in all those subject areas. Fish biologists, environmental scientists and ecotoxicologists, marine and freshwater ecologists, fisheries managers, aquaculture personnel and fish farmers, as well as fish veterinarians will all find much of great value within this book. Libraries in universities and research establishments concerned with these areas should all have copies of this book on their shelves.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251306079
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 654

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Book Description
This report indicates that climate change will significantly affect the availability and trade of fish products, especially for those countries most dependent on the sector, and calls for effective adaptation and mitigation actions encompassing food production.

Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9251311269
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 192

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Book Description
This publication presents the outcome of a meeting between the FAO/UNEP ABNJ Deep-seas and Biodiversity project and the Deep Ocean Stewardship Initiative. It focuses on the impacts of climatic changes on demersal fisheries, and the interactions of these fisheries with other species and vulnerable marine ecosystems. Regional fisheries management organizations rely on scientific information to develop advice to managers. In recent decades, climate change has been a focus largely as a unidirectional forcing over decadal timescales. However, changes can occur abruptly when critical thresholds are crossed. Moreover, distribution changes are expected as populations shift from existing to new areas. Hence, there is a need for new monitoring programmes to help scientists understand how these changes affect productivity and biodiversity. The principal cause of climate change is rising greenhouse gases and other compounds in the atmosphere that trap heat causing global warming, leading to deoxygenation and acidification in the oceans. Three-dimensional fully coupled earth system models are used to predict the extent of these changes in the deep oceans at 200–2500 m depth. Trends in changes are identified in many variables, including temperature, pH, oxygen and supply of particulate organic carbon (POC). Regional differences are identified, indicating the complexity of the predictions. The response of various fish and invertebrate species to these changes in the physical environment are analysed using hazard and suitability modelling. Predictions are made to changes in distributions of commercial species, though in practice the processes governing population abundance are poorly understood in the deep-sea environment, and predicted distributional changes are not always as expected and may be manifested as simple disappearance of species or ecosystems. The publication underscores the fact adaptive monitoring and management mechanisms must be in place to ensure that fisheries are sustainable and the environment remains healthy and productive. Suggestions are provided as to the actions necessary.

Author: Kevin J. Noone
Publisher: Newnes
ISBN: 0124076610
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 372

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Book Description
Managing Ocean Environments in a Changing Climate summarizes the current state of several threats to the global oceans. What distinguishes this book most from previous works is that this book begins with a holistic, global-scale focus for the first several chapters and then provides an example of how this approach can be applied on a regional scale, for the Pacific region. Previous works usually have compiled local studies, which are essentially impossible to properly integrate to the global scale. The editors have engaged leading scientists in a number of areas, such as fisheries and marine ecosystems, ocean chemistry, marine biogeochemical cycling, oceans and climate change, and economics, to examine the threats to the oceans both individually and collectively, provide gross estimates of the economic and societal impacts of these threats, and deliver high-level recommendations. Nominated for a Katerva Award in 2012 in the Economy category State of the science reviews by known marine experts provide a concise, readable presentation written at a level for managers and students Links environmental and economic aspects of ocean threats and provides an economic analysis of action versus inaction Provides recommendations for stakeholders to help stimulate the development of policies that would help move toward sustainable use of marine resources and services

Author: Amanda Nicole Netburn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 181

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Book Description
Throughout the global ocean, there is an abundant and diverse assemblage of fishes aggregated at mesopelagic (200-1000 m) depths. These fishes are critical to pelagic food webs and carbon transport. In the southern California Current Ecosystem, with naturally hypoxic mesopelagic waters, mesopelagic fishes may be vulnerable to predicted ocean deoxygenation. Additionally, water property discontinuities at oceanic fronts can disproportionately affect abundance, compositions, and reproduction of marine animals. In this dissertation, I investigate responses of mesopelagic fishes to ocean deoxygenation and fronts. First, I correlated acoustically-detected Deep-Scattering Layers (DSL) of mesopelagic fishes with midwater oxygen, irradiance, and temperature, and found that the lower DSL boundary correlates most with oxygen. The upper boundary correlates with both oxygen and irradiance. Assuming current deoxygenation rates, I predicted both lower and upper boundaries will shoal. Next, I measured activities of the aerobic enzymes Citrate Synthase and Malate Dehydrogenase, and the anaerobic enzyme Lactate Dehydrogenase to test for changes in metabolic activities of mesopelagic fish in response to dissolved oxygen. There was an apparent suppression of activity at low oxygen concentrations for all species combined. There was no increased reliance on anaerobic activity at depressed oxygen concentrations. Although there is evidence that some mesopelagic fishes may have a rare alternate anaerobic pathway catalyzed in part by Alcohol Dehydrogenase, I did not detect any Alcohol Dehydrogenase activity for 16 species studied. Finally, I compared responses of mesopelagic fish assemblages at three frontal systems. I found no abundance changes across fronts, except for larvae which were elevated at the most stable system. Non-vertically migratory assemblages were uniform across frontal gradients, while migratory and larval fish assemblages were typically altered across fronts. Changes in population growth potential were detected across the two more stable frontal systems for migrators and larvae, though not for non-migrators. These results suggest that deoxygenation may cause habitat compression and metabolic suppression, while changes to frontal frequency could impact the structure and population growth of mesopelagic fish assemblages. Ongoing monitoring of these populations using existing and novel technologies will allow further understanding of mesopelagic fish responses to these and other environmental changes.

Author: Hongsheng Yang
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832530613
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 255

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Book Description
Anthropogenic climate change has driven widespread changes in marine environments, including ocean warming, ocean acidification, and the formation of hypoxic zones. Such environmental changes would pose direct challenges to the survival and adaptation of aquatic organisms, greatly affecting the biodiversity of marine life and marine ecosystems. Changes in the marine environment are likely to have strong effects at the physiological, behavioral, and molecular levels, with implications at the individual, population, and species levels, resulting in the degradation of genetic resources through massive mortality. For example, the ingestion, digestion, respiration, and growth of aquatic animals were greatly depressed under extreme environments. In the long run, maintaining a sustainable ocean would require a better understanding of the adaptation of marine animals in response to the effects of multiple environmental stressors. The Research Topic is aimed to discuss the potential impacts of individual and compounded extreme environments on aquatic animals, as well as the regulatory mechanisms and adaptation strategies of marine species to cope with these impacts.