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Author: P. J. Hayward Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Elestres is a computer code designed to model the behaviour of candu nuclear fuel elements under normal operating conditions. the aim of this report is to provide the reader with a perspective of the modelling processes involved within elestres in the prediction of fuel behaviour. it is not intended as a user's manual or a code verification document. emphasis is therefore placed on a discussion of the nature of the problem, the approximations and the numerical methods used, and how the various fuel behaviour models are combined to give the predictive capability in elestres.
Author: P. J. Hayward Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Elestres is a computer code designed to model the behaviour of candu nuclear fuel elements under normal operating conditions. the aim of this report is to provide the reader with a perspective of the modelling processes involved within elestres in the prediction of fuel behaviour. it is not intended as a user's manual or a code verification document. emphasis is therefore placed on a discussion of the nature of the problem, the approximations and the numerical methods used, and how the various fuel behaviour models are combined to give the predictive capability in elestres.
Author: P. D. Ownby Publisher: ISBN: Category : Crystallization Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
"The strength and microstructure of a glass-ceramic material of the composition 53 percent SiO2, 19 percent Al2O3, 15 percent MgO, and 13 percent Li2O were studied. Cylindrical specimens of glass were formed and heat-treated to six different temperature levels for various time periods. The method of strength testing used was a diametral compression loading technique. It was found that the strength of this material increased initially with heat-treatment but then decreased. The strength characteristics of the completely crystallized glass ceramic material were found to be dependent on the initial nucleation period. Some factors which influenced anomalous crystal growth are described. The relationship of stress and nucleation in this study is discussed. Mechanisms of nucleation and crystallization were observed by transmitted and reflected light microscopy. The phases at various time periods were determined by X-ray diffraction, and the changes in softening characteristics were recorded by means of thermal dilatometer tests"--Abstract, leaf ii.
Author: Stuart Hampshire Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 96
Book Description
The objective was to study the effect on properties (such as microhardness, glass transition, crystallization temperature, viscosity, etc.) of replacing oxygen by nitrogen in sialon-based glasses containing rare-earth cations and to study the formation of glass-ceramics by controlled crystallization of these oxynitride glasses and to assess the effects of this on properties. Glasses were prepared by melting appropriate oxides and nitrides in boron nitride lined crucibles, melting at 1700 C under nitrogen and casting into preheated graphite moulds followed by annealing. Characterization of the glasses was carried out by differential thermal analysis (DTA) to ascertain the glass transition and crystallization temperatures and standard techniques used for microhardness and viscosity. Nitrogen increases the glass transition, microhardness and viscosity for constant cation ratio glasses and also inhibits crystallization. From DTA, suitable heat-treatment schedules were designed to produce fine-grain glass-ceramics. Optimization of these heat treatments was by measuring the changes (increases) in microhardness. Fully amorphous glasses can be prepared easily in large batches (approx. 100g) in many M-Si-Al-O-N systems. Work concentrated on Neodynium and Y-sialon glasses which undergo homogeneous nucleation at Tg+50 (C) followed by crystal growth at Tc-40 (C) each for 2.5 hours. (AW).
Author: Werner Lutze Publisher: North Holland ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 802
Book Description
This volume presents a compilation of important information on the full range of radioactive waste forms that have been developed, or at least suggested, for the incorporation of high-level nuclear waste. Many of the results were published in the ''gray literature'' of final reports of national laboratories or in various, generally less available, proceedings volumes. This is the first publication to draw information on nuclear waste forms for high-level wastes together into a single volume. Although borosilicate glass has become the standard waste form, additional research in this compound is still necessary. With improved technology (particularly processing technologies) and with a more detailed knowledge of repository conditions, glasses and second generation waste forms with improved performance properties can be developed. Sustained research programs on nuclear waste form development will yield results that can only add to public confidence and the final, safe disposal of nuclear waste. The aim of this volume is to provide a 'spring board' for these future research efforts. A detailed presentation is given on the properties and performance of non-crystalline waste forms (borosilicate glass, sintered glass, and lead-iron phosphate glass), and crystalline waste forms (Synroc, tailored ceramics, TiO 2 - ceramic matrix, glass-ceramics and FUETAP concrete). A chapter on Novel Waste Forms reviews a number of methods that warrant further development because of their potential superior performance and unique applications. The final chapter includes a tabulated comparison of important waste form properties and an extended discussion on the corrosion process and radiation damage effects for each waste form. Of particular interest is a performance assessment of nuclear waste borosilicate glass and the crystalline ceramic Synroc. This is the first detailed attempt to compare these two important waste forms on the basis of their materials properties. The discussion emphasizes the difficulties in making such a comparison and details the types of data that are required. Each chapter has been written by an expert and includes a current compilation of waste form properties with an extensive list of references. This volume will provide a stimulus for future research as well as useful reference material for scientists working in the field of nuclear waste disposal and materials science.
Author: Werner Vogel Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642787231 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 479
Book Description
Glass Chemistry is concerned with the relation of chemical composition, structure and properties of various glasses. The book has been translated from the third German edition, which serves as a textbook for university students in materials sciences and a reference book for scientists and engineers in glass science and production. The central themes of the book are the chemistry and physics of glass. Detailed knowledge of the compositional and structural facts is the basis for the systematic development of new glasses as construction and optical materials. Glass Chemistry is an interdisciplinary book on the borderlines between chemistry, physics, mineralogy and even biology and medicine. The book represents a well balanced treatment for students, scientists and engineers.
Author: H. Robson Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing ISBN: 9780444507037 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 288
Book Description
Zeolite synthesis is an active field of research. As long as this continues, new phases will be discovered and new techniques for preparing existing phases will appear. This edition of Verified Synthesis of Zeolitic Materials contains all the recipes from the first edition plus 24 new recipes. Five new introductory articles have been included plus those from the first edition, some of which have been substantially revised. The XRD patterns have been recorded using different instrument settings from those in the first edition and are intended to conform to typical X-ray diffraction practice. In most cases, only the XRD pattern for the productas synthesised is printed here. The exceptions are those phases which show marked changes in the XRD pattern upon calcination.
Author: P. J. Hayward
Author: P. J. Hayward
Author: P. J. Hayward
Author: David E. Clark
Author: American Ceramic Society
Author: Paul Joseph Timmel
Author: P. D. Ownby
Author: Stuart Hampshire
Author: Werner Lutze
Author: Werner Vogel
Author: H. Robson