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Author: Sina Lockley Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 365685405X Category : Literary Collections Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2.0, , course: Introduction to Morphology, language: English, abstract: My term paper contains first of a section about Inflectional Morphology in which I would like to explain how it is used with nouns, verbs and adjectives and what exceptions and special cases there are. Secondly I want to do the same for Derivational Morphology and then compare both to underline the differences between the two. At the end in my conclusion I would like to sum up the comparison and show why I think Derivational Morphology produces a wider range of new words then Inflectional Morphology does.
Author: Sina Lockley Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 365685405X Category : Literary Collections Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2.0, , course: Introduction to Morphology, language: English, abstract: My term paper contains first of a section about Inflectional Morphology in which I would like to explain how it is used with nouns, verbs and adjectives and what exceptions and special cases there are. Secondly I want to do the same for Derivational Morphology and then compare both to underline the differences between the two. At the end in my conclusion I would like to sum up the comparison and show why I think Derivational Morphology produces a wider range of new words then Inflectional Morphology does.
Author: Juliane Heß Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3640994930 Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 61
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,0, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald (Institut für Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: English Morphology, language: English, abstract: What is morphology? An easy answer would be: "It is a field of linguistics!" But it is far more complex then this reply reveals. The field of morphology studies and analyses the form of words by factorizing them into morphemes. These morphemes are the smallest units the word can be divided in. But what is the smallest unit of a word? This could also be a letter. There is one word missing, which makes the definition complete, namely 'meaning'. A proper definition of the term can be found in the OALD: "Morpheme: the smallest unit of meaning that a word can be divided into (827)." Words and morphemes are linguistic signs but even though the morpheme is considered a meaningful unit does not mean that every morpheme can be a word...
Author: Julia Schönmann Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3656656061 Category : Literary Collections Languages : en Pages : 17
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2014 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, University of Heidelberg (Institut für Übersetzen und Dolmetschen), language: English, abstract: Generally, Kortmann defines Contrastive Linguistics as the parallel comparison of two languages concerning their language parameters. According to him, it is especially important to identify separate bundles with structural differences and find the relation between them, the so-called “Kontrastbündel” (contrast bundles). Each one of these bundles can be deduced from the construction plan of the contrastive language. In this regard, Kortmann starts his analysis by comparing his purpose of Contrastive Linguistics to its original use. He refers to the fact that in the early 40s till 60s these language differences were considered the reason for the problems occurring when learning a foreign language. Hence, Contrastive Linguistics was primarily important for pedagogical use. The systematic comparison of two languages was supposed to improve the learner’s and teacher’s understanding of the foreign language by for example predicting mistakes often made. In this context, Kortmann sees the previously mentioned Contrastive Hypothesis from Lado as a good explanation for the main factors which trigger contrasts. The Contrastive Hypothesis indicates that similarities between the native language (L1) and the foreign language (L2) lead to an easy and fast learning process whereas differences lead to difficulties and are the main reason for making mistakes. Thus, the basic idea of the Contrastive Hypothesis is the transfer of the characteristics of the native language to the foreign language. Depending on whether this transfer promotes or represses the learning process, it is considered a positive or negative transfer. A negative transfer is also referred to as interference. The most important types of interference are substitution (1), over-differentiation, under-differentiation, over-representation and under-representation (2). Here, Kortmann comments that according to this basic assumption of Contrastive Linguistics only substitution, over-differentiation and under-differentiation can trigger mistakes.
Author: Janine Klinge Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3656027412 Category : Literary Collections Languages : en Pages : 18
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,7, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (Englisches Seminar), language: English, abstract: Inflection and derivation are traditional concepts in the field of morphology, the subdiscipline of linguistics that concentrates on the internal structures of words. Despite the ascribed central role in linguistics, the distinction between inflection and derivation is far from clear-cut. Linguistic textbooks or publications used to treat the fields of inflectional and derivational morphology as two clearly distinguishable categories but on closer examination the boundaries between both processes turn out to be a lot fuzzier. “The question of how inflection can be distinguished from derivation is one of the classical problems addressed by structuralist linguistics.” . During the last decades many linguists have already focussed on this lack of clear distinctions with the aim to find a universally valid definition for both categories, but the concepts of inflectional and derivational morphology “are notoriously easier to illustrate than to define.”2 We will first turn towards a broad selection of criteria that have been argued to distinguish inflection and derivation. These criteria have been proposed to put the dichotomy on a firmer theoretical footing which is important since much morphological theorising is based on the assumption that morphological processes fall into these two broad categories – inflection and derivation.
Author: Mark Aronoff Publisher: MIT Press ISBN: 9780262510721 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
Most recent research in generative morphology has avoided the treatment of purely morphological phenomena and has focused instead on interface questions, such as the relation between morphology and syntax or between morphology and phonology. In this monograph Mark Aronoff argues that linguists must consider morphology by itself, not merely as an appendage of syntax and phonology, and that linguistic theory must allow for a separate and autonomous morphological component. Following a general introductory chapter, Aronoff examines two narrow classes of morphological phenomena to make his case: stems and inflectional classes. Concentrating first on Latin verb morphology, he argues that morphological stems are neither syntactic nor phonological units. Next, using data from a number of languages, he underscores the traditional point that the inflectional class of a word is not reducible to its syntactic gender. He then explores in detail the phonologically motivated nominal inflectional class system of two languages of Papua New Guinea (Arapeshand Yimas) and the precise nature of the relation between this system and the corresponding gender system. Finally, drawing on a number of Semitic languages, Aronoff argues that the verb classes of these languages are purely inflectional although they are partly motivated by derivational and syntactic considerations.
Author: Wolfgang U. Dressler Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing ISBN: 9789027237088 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 278
Book Description
This volume consists of selected and revised papers from the Seventh International Morphology Meeting, held in 1996 in Vienna. It presents advances in morphological theorizing, such as the foundations of sign-based morphology, the morphology-syntax interface, the boundaries between compounding and derivation, derivation and inflection, and the emergence of morphology from premorphological precursors in early first-language acquisition. The contributions deal with morphological analyses in various fields of the ever-widening domain of morphology and its relevance to the lexicon. The comparative aspect is reflected in the above-mentioned areas, and through the variety of languages investigated: Indo-European and non-Indo-European languages of Europe, and Asian, African and American languages. This breadth allows valuable insights into current problems of morphological research in America, Western and Eastern Europe.
Author: Timothy Shopen Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780511619434 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This unique three-volume 2007 survey brings together a team of leading scholars to explore the syntactic and morphological structures of the world's languages. Clearly organized and broad-ranging, it covers topics such as parts-of-speech, passives, complementation, relative clauses, adverbial clauses, inflectional morphology, tense, aspect, mood, and diexis. The contributors look at the major ways that these notions are realized, and provide informative sketches of them at work in a range of languages. Each volume is accessibly written and clearly explains each new concept introduced. Although the volumes can be read independently, together they provide an indispensable reference work for all linguists and fieldworkers interested in cross-linguistic generalizations. Most of the chapters in the second edition are substantially revised or completely new - some on topics not covered by the first edition. Volume II covers co-ordination, complementation, noun phrase structure, relative clauses, adverbial clauses, discourse structure, and sentences as combinations of clauses.
Author: Rochelle Lieber Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 019165177X Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 768
Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of Derivational Morphology is intended as a companion volume to The Oxford Handbook of Compounding (OUP 2009) Written by distinguished scholars, its 41 chapters aim to provide a comprehensive and thorough overview of the study of derivational morphology. The handbook begins with an overview and a consideration of definitional matters, distinguishing derivation from inflection on the one hand and compounding on the other. From a formal perspective, the handbook treats affixation (prefixation, suffixation, infixation, circumfixation, etc.), conversion, reduplication, root and pattern and other templatic processes, as well as prosodic and subtractive means of forming new words. From a semantic perspective, it looks at the processes that form various types of adjectives, adverbs, nouns, and verbs, as well as evaluatives and the rarer processes that form function words. The book also surveys derivation in fifteen language families that are widely dispersed in terms of both geographical location and typological characteristics.
Author: Geert Booij Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 9780199571925 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This book shows how complex words can be analysed as constructions, as pairings of forms and meanings. It advances work on the architecture of grammar, the morphology-syntax interface, the characteristics of the lexicon, and the analysis of grammaticalization. It is an important work for morphology in particular and linguistic theory in general.
Author: Rochelle Lieber Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191651788 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 768
Book Description
The Oxford Handbook of Derivational Morphology is intended as a companion volume to The Oxford Handbook of Compounding (OUP 2009) Written by distinguished scholars, its 41 chapters aim to provide a comprehensive and thorough overview of the study of derivational morphology. The handbook begins with an overview and a consideration of definitional matters, distinguishing derivation from inflection on the one hand and compounding on the other. From a formal perspective, the handbook treats affixation (prefixation, suffixation, infixation, circumfixation, etc.), conversion, reduplication, root and pattern and other templatic processes, as well as prosodic and subtractive means of forming new words. From a semantic perspective, it looks at the processes that form various types of adjectives, adverbs, nouns, and verbs, as well as evaluatives and the rarer processes that form function words. The book also surveys derivation in fifteen language families that are widely dispersed in terms of both geographical location and typological characteristics.
Author: Sina Lockley
Author: Sina Lockley
Author: Juliane Heß
Author: Julia Schönmann
Author: Janine Klinge
Author: Mark Aronoff
Author: Wolfgang U. Dressler
Author: Timothy Shopen
Author: Rochelle Lieber
Author: Geert Booij
Author: Rochelle Lieber