National Economic Development Program PDF Download

Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Public Works. Subcommittee on Economic Development
Publisher:
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Category : Economic assistance, Domestic
Languages : en
Pages : 872

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Author:
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Category : Industrialization
Languages : en
Pages : 212

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Author: Petra Moser
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 022677905X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 270

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"The challenges facing agriculture are plenty. Along with the world's growing population and diminishing amounts of water and arable land, the gradual increase in severe weather presents new challenges and imperatives for producing new, more resilient crops to feed a more crowded planet in the twenty-first century. Innovation has historically helped agriculture keep pace with earth's social, population, and ecological changes. In the last 50 years, mechanical, biological, and chemical innovations have more than doubled agricultural output while barely changing input quantities. The ample investment behind these innovations was available because of a high rate of return: a 2007 paper found that the median ROI in agriculture was 45 percent between 1965 and 2005. This landscape has changed. Today many of the world's wealthier countries have scaled back their share of GDP devoted to agricultural R&D amid evidence of diminishing returns. Universities, which have historically been a major source of agricultural innovation, increasingly depend on funding from industry rather than government to fund their research. As Upton Sinclair wrote of the effects industry influences, "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it." In this volume of the NBER Conference Report series, editor Petra Moser offers an empirical, applied-economic framework to the different elements of agricultural R&D, particularly as they relate to the shift from public to private funding. Individual chapters examine the sources of agricultural knowledge and investigate challenges for measuring the returns to the adoption of new agricultural technologies, examine knowledge spillovers from universities to agricultural innovation, and explore interactions between university engagement and scientific productivity. Additional analysis of agricultural venture capital point to it as an emerging and future source of resource in this essential domain"--

Author: David O'Connor
Publisher: Zed Books
ISBN: 9781848130272
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 452

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With very few exceptions, industrial development has been central to the process of structural transformation which characterises economic development. Industrial Development for the 21st century examines the new challenges and opportunities arising from globalization, technological change and new international trade rules. The first part focuses on key sectors with potential for developing countries, focussing on two key themes. First, traditional points of entry for late industrializers - like textiles and clothing - have become even more intensely competitive than ever before, requiring more innovative adaptive strategies for success. Second, countries now recognize that manufacturing does not exhaust the opportunities for producing high value-added goods and services for international markets. Knowledge intensity is increasing across all spheres of economic activity, including agriculture and services, which can offer promising development paths for some developing countries. The final section addresses social and environmental aspects of industrial development. Labour-intensive, but not necessarily other patterns of industrial development can be highly effective in poverty reduction though further industrial progress may be less labour-intensive. A range of policies can promote industrial energy and materials efficiency, often with positive impacts on firms' financial performance as well as the environment. Promoting materials recycling and reuse is an effective, if indirect means of conserving resources. Finally, the growth of multinational interest in corporate social responsibility is traced, with consideration given to both the barriers and opportunities this can pose for developing country enterprises linked to global supply chains.

Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Banking, Finance, and Urban Affairs. Subcommittee on Economic Stabilization
Publisher:
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Category : Community development, Urban
Languages : en
Pages : 134

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Author:
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Category : Diffusion of innovations
Languages : en
Pages : 84

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Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Economic Development
Publisher:
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Category : African Americans
Languages : en
Pages : 310

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Author: United States. Congress. House. Public Works
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Economic Development
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chicago (Ill.)
Languages : en
Pages : 288

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Author: United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economic assistance, Domestic
Languages : en
Pages : 64

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