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Author: Navneet Singh Publisher: Navneet Singh ISBN: Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 465
Book Description
Indian Economy on The Eve of Independence On the eve of India's independence in 1947, the Indian economy was predominantly agrarian, with agriculture contributing a significant portion to the national income and employing most of the population. However, it was also characterized by a complex mix of colonial exploitation, poverty, and limited industrialization. Key Features of the Indian Economy Before Independence: Agriculture Dominance: Agriculture was the backbone of the economy, employing about 70-80% of the workforce. Landholdings were generally small, and farmers faced various challenges such as tenancy issues, lack of credit, and dependence on monsoons. Colonial Legacy: The British colonial rule had left a deep imprint on India's economy, with policies often designed to benefit British interests. Industries were concentrated in a few urban centres, mainly for processing raw materials for export. Limited Industrialization: India had a nascent industrial sector, mostly comprising small-scale industries and cottage industries. Major industries like textiles, jute, and steel were in existence but were largely underdeveloped compared to their potential. Trade and Commerce: India's trade was dominated by British interests, with raw materials being exported to Britain and finished goods imported back into India. Infrastructure such as railways and ports primarily served the purpose of facilitating colonial trade. Infrastructure: The infrastructure was inadequate and unequally developed across regions. Railways, though extensive, were largely geared towards transporting raw materials for export rather than promoting industrial growth. Poverty and Social Issues: Poverty was widespread, with a large population living below the poverty line. Social issues such as caste-based discrimination and limited access to education and healthcare persisted. Political Unrest: The economy was affected by political movements and unrest against British rule, which often disrupted economic activities. Challenges on the Eve of Independence: Economic Dependence: India was economically dependent on Britain, both in terms of trade and technology. Infrastructure Deficit: Limited infrastructure development hindered economic growth. Social Issues: Poverty, illiteracy, and social inequality posed significant challenges. Industrial Backwardness: The industrial sector was underdeveloped, leading to limited job opportunities outside agriculture. In summary, the Indian economy on the eve of independence was characterized by its agrarian base, colonial exploitation, limited industrialization, and significant social and economic challenges. The period following independence would witness efforts to address these issues through economic planning, industrialization policies, and social reforms aimed at transforming India into a modern nation.
Author: Navneet Singh Publisher: Navneet Singh ISBN: Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 465
Book Description
Indian Economy on The Eve of Independence On the eve of India's independence in 1947, the Indian economy was predominantly agrarian, with agriculture contributing a significant portion to the national income and employing most of the population. However, it was also characterized by a complex mix of colonial exploitation, poverty, and limited industrialization. Key Features of the Indian Economy Before Independence: Agriculture Dominance: Agriculture was the backbone of the economy, employing about 70-80% of the workforce. Landholdings were generally small, and farmers faced various challenges such as tenancy issues, lack of credit, and dependence on monsoons. Colonial Legacy: The British colonial rule had left a deep imprint on India's economy, with policies often designed to benefit British interests. Industries were concentrated in a few urban centres, mainly for processing raw materials for export. Limited Industrialization: India had a nascent industrial sector, mostly comprising small-scale industries and cottage industries. Major industries like textiles, jute, and steel were in existence but were largely underdeveloped compared to their potential. Trade and Commerce: India's trade was dominated by British interests, with raw materials being exported to Britain and finished goods imported back into India. Infrastructure such as railways and ports primarily served the purpose of facilitating colonial trade. Infrastructure: The infrastructure was inadequate and unequally developed across regions. Railways, though extensive, were largely geared towards transporting raw materials for export rather than promoting industrial growth. Poverty and Social Issues: Poverty was widespread, with a large population living below the poverty line. Social issues such as caste-based discrimination and limited access to education and healthcare persisted. Political Unrest: The economy was affected by political movements and unrest against British rule, which often disrupted economic activities. Challenges on the Eve of Independence: Economic Dependence: India was economically dependent on Britain, both in terms of trade and technology. Infrastructure Deficit: Limited infrastructure development hindered economic growth. Social Issues: Poverty, illiteracy, and social inequality posed significant challenges. Industrial Backwardness: The industrial sector was underdeveloped, leading to limited job opportunities outside agriculture. In summary, the Indian economy on the eve of independence was characterized by its agrarian base, colonial exploitation, limited industrialization, and significant social and economic challenges. The period following independence would witness efforts to address these issues through economic planning, industrialization policies, and social reforms aimed at transforming India into a modern nation.
Author: Navneet Singh Publisher: Navneet Singh ISBN: Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 567
Book Description
Introduction to Business At its core, a business is an organization or entity engaged in commercial, industrial, or professional activities with the primary goal of generating profit. However, the concept of "business" encompasses much more than just making money. Here are some key aspects: Value Creation: Businesses create value by providing products or services that satisfy customer needs or solve their problems. This value can take various forms, such as convenience, quality, innovation, or affordability. Exchange: Business involves the exchange of goods, services, or money between parties. This exchange can occur between businesses (B2B) or between businesses and consumers (B2C). Risk and Reward: Business activities involve taking risks, such as investing capital, developing new products, or entering new markets, in the hope of achieving financial rewards. Managing risks effectively is crucial for long-term success. Innovation: Businesses drive innovation by developing new products, services, processes, or business models. Innovation helps businesses stay competitive, adapt to changing market conditions, and create value for customers. Employment: Businesses create jobs and contribute to economic growth by hiring employees, contractors, and service providers. They provide opportunities for individuals to earn income, develop skills, and pursue career advancement. Legal and Regulatory Environment: Businesses operate within a framework of laws, regulations, and industry standards that govern their activities. Compliance with these requirements is essential for maintaining legality, ethical standards, and social responsibility. Customer Focus: Successful businesses prioritize customer satisfaction and strive to build strong relationships with their customers. Understanding customer needs, preferences, and feedback is critical for developing products and services that meet market demand. Financial Management: Businesses must manage their finances effectively to ensure profitability, liquidity, and long-term sustainability. This includes budgeting, accounting, financial planning, and investment decisions. Social Impact: Businesses have a broader impact on society beyond their economic activities. They can contribute to social welfare through philanthropy, corporate social responsibility (CSR), ethical business practices, and environmental sustainability initiatives. Globalization: In an increasingly interconnected world, businesses operate across national borders, engaging in international trade, investment, and collaboration. Globalization presents opportunities for growth and expansion but also challenges related to cultural differences, regulatory compliance, and geopolitical risks. Overall, business encompasses a wide range of activities and functions aimed at creating value, driving innovation, and meeting the needs of customers, employees, shareholders, and society at large.
Author: Oswaal Editorial Board Publisher: Oswaal Books ISBN: 9359589330 Category : Study Aids Languages : en Pages : 553
Book Description
Description of the product: •Fresh & Relevant with Latest Typologies of the Questions •Score Boosting Insights with 500+ Questions & 1000 Concepts •Insider Tips & Techniques with On-Tips Notes, Mind Maps & Mnemonics •Exam Ready Practice with 10 Highly Probable SQPs
Author: Navneet Singh Publisher: Navneet Singh ISBN: Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
Political Knowledge - An Introduction Political knowledge encompasses understanding various aspects of politics, including government structures, political ideologies, systems, and processes. It's essential for citizens to have a grasp of political knowledge to make informed decisions, engage in meaningful discussions, and participate effectively in democratic societies. Here's a brief introduction to some key components: Government Structures: This includes knowledge about different types of government systems such as democracy, monarchy, dictatorship, and the division of power between branches of government like the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. Political Ideologies: Political ideologies are sets of beliefs and values that guide political behaviour and policy preferences. Common ideologies include liberalism, conservatism, socialism, and libertarianism. Understanding these ideologies helps in comprehending various political debates and positions. Political Systems: Different countries have different political systems, such as presidential, parliamentary, or hybrid systems. Each system has its own set of rules and institutions governing how power is distributed and exercised. Political Processes: This refers to how political decisions are made, including the electoral process, lawmaking procedures, and policy implementation. Understanding political processes helps citizens navigate the complexities of governance and advocate for change. International Relations: Political knowledge extends beyond domestic politics to include understanding global issues, diplomatic relations between countries, and international organizations like the United Nations, NATO, or the World Trade Organization. Political Economy: This field explores the relationship between politics and economics, including topics such as fiscal policy, taxation, trade, and regulation. It's crucial for understanding how government policies impact economic outcomes and social welfare. Media and Politics: In today's digital age, media plays a significant role in shaping public opinion and influencing political discourse. Understanding the role of media in politics, including concepts like agenda-setting, framing, and media bias, is essential for media literacy and critical thinking. Citizenship and Civic Engagement: Political knowledge empowers citizens to actively participate in civic life through activities such as voting, advocacy, community organizing, and holding elected officials accountable. Developing political knowledge is an ongoing process that requires curiosity, critical thinking, and engagement with diverse perspectives. It enables individuals to navigate the complexities of the political landscape, contribute to informed decision-making, and promote a more inclusive and democratic society.
Author: Navneet Singh Publisher: Navneet Singh ISBN: Category : Antiques & Collectibles Languages : en Pages : 255
Book Description
Constitution: Why and How? The constitution of a country serves as the fundamental legal document that outlines the framework for governance, defines the rights and responsibilities of citizens, and establishes the powers and limitations of government institutions. Here’s why and how constitutions are essential: Why Constitutions Are Important: Rule of Law: Constitutions establish the rule of law by setting out the fundamental principles and norms that govern the behaviour of individuals, institutions, and the state itself. Protection of Rights: Constitutions typically include a bill of rights that guarantees fundamental freedoms and protections for citizens against government overreach or abuse of power. Structure of Government: They define the structure of government, including the separation of powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, and establish mechanisms for checks and balances. Legal Certainty: Constitutions provide legal certainty by setting out the procedures for making laws, resolving disputes, and ensuring continuity and stability in governance. Citizen Participation: They often outline mechanisms for citizen participation in governance, such as elections, referendums, and the right to petition the government. How Constitutions are Formed and Amended: Drafting: Constitutions are typically drafted by a constituent assembly, a constitutional convention, or a committee appointed for that purpose. Drafting involves extensive consultation, debate, and often public input. Adoption: Once drafted, a constitution may be adopted through a referendum, by a vote of a legislative body, or by other specified means depending on the legal and political context of the country. Amendment: Constitutions include provisions for their own amendment to adapt to changing circumstances. Amendments may require a special majority in the legislature, approval by referendum, or a combination of both. Interpretation: Courts play a crucial role in interpreting constitutional provisions and ensuring their enforcement. Constitutional courts or supreme courts often have the authority to strike down laws or government actions that are inconsistent with the constitution. Flexibility vs. Rigidity: Some constitutions are more flexible and allow for easier amendment, while others are more rigid and require more stringent procedures for change to ensure stability and protect fundamental principles. In essence, constitutions are foundational documents that establish the framework for government and the rights of individuals within a society. They embody the principles of democracy, rule of law, and human rights, shaping the political and legal landscape of a country for generations.
Author: Anubhuti Dwivedi Publisher: Arihant Publications India limited ISBN: 9351416291 Category : Study Aids Languages : en Pages : 216
Book Description
NCERT Textbooks play the most vital role in developing student’s understanding and knowledge about a subject and the concepts or topics covered under a particular subject. Keeping in mind this immense importance and significance of the NCERT Textbooks in mind, Arihant has come up with a unique book containing Questions-Answers of NCERT Textbook based questions. This book containing solutions to NCERT Textbook questions has been designed for the students studying in Class XI following the NCERT Textbook for Economics. The present book has been divided into two parts containing 18 Chapters covering the syllabi of Economics for Class XI. Part A covers Poverty, Rural Development, Infrastructure, Human Capital Formation in India, Indian Economy (1950-1990), Environment & Sustainable Development, etc whereas Part B covers Collection of Data, Organisation of Data, Presentation of Data, Correlation, Index Numbers, Measures of Dispersion, etc. This book has been worked out with an aim of overall development of the students in such a way that it will help students define the way how to write the answers of the textbook based questions. The book covers selected NCERT Exemplar Problems which will help the students understand the type of questions and answers to be expected in the Class XI Economics Examination. Also each chapter in the book begins with a summary of the chapter which will help in effective understanding of the theme of the chapter and to make sure that the students will be able to answer all popular questions concerned to a particular chapter whether it is Long Answer Type or Short Answer Type Question. The book has been designed systematically in the simplest manner for easy comprehension of the chapters and their themes. For the overall benefit of students the book has been designed in such a way that it not only gives solutions to all the exercises but also gives detailed explanations which will help the students in learning the concepts and will enhance their thinking and learning abilities. As the book has been designed strictly according to the NCERT Textbook of Economics for Class XI and contains simplified text material in the form of class room notes and answers to all the questions in lucid language, it for sure will help the Class XI students in an effective way for Economics.
Author: Oswaal Editorial Board Publisher: Oswaal Books ISBN: 9359584177 Category : Study Aids Languages : en Pages : 1097
Book Description
Description of the product: •100% Updated Syllabus & Question Typologies: We have got you covered with the latest and 100% updated curriculum along with the latest typologies of Questions. •Timed Revision with Topic-wise Revision Notes & Smart Mind Maps: Study smart, not hard! •Extensive Practice with 1000+ Questions & SAS Questions (Sri Aurobindo Society): To give you 1000+ chances to become a champ! •Concept Clarity with 500+ Concepts & Concept Videos: For you to learn the cool way— with videos and mind-blowing concepts. •NEP 2020 Compliance with Competency-Based Questions & Artificial Intelligence: For you to be on the cutting edge of the coolest educational trends.
Author: Srishthi Agarwal Publisher: Arihant Publications India limited ISBN: 9325796767 Category : Languages : en Pages : 185
Book Description
With the newly introduced 2 Term Examination Pattern, CBSE has eased out the pressure of preparation of subjects and cope up with lengthy syllabus. Introducing Arihant's CBSE TERM II – 2022 Series, the first of its kind that gives complete emphasis on the rationalized syllabus of Class 9th to 12th. The all new “CBSE Term II 2022 – English Core” of Class 11th provides explanation and guidance to the syllabus required to study efficiently and succeed in the exams. The book provides topical coverage of all the chapters in a complete and comprehensive manner. Covering the 50% of syllabus as per Latest Term wise pattern 2021-22, this book consists of: 1. Complete Theory in each Chapter covering all topics 2. Case-Based, Short and Long Answer Type Question in each chapter 3. Coverage of NCERT, NCERT Examplar & Board Exams’ Questions 4. Complete and Detailed explanations for each question 5. 3 Practice papers based on the entire Term II Syllabus. Table of Content Reading Comprehension – Read Comprehension, Note Making and Summarisation, Creative Writing Skills and Grammar – Writing (Short Writing Tasks), Long Writing Tasks, Grammar, Integrated Grammar Exercises, Literature: Hornbill Pose , Hornbill Poetry, Snapshots – Supplementary, Practice Papers (1-3).
Author: Dr. Anupam Agarwal Publisher: SBPD Publications ISBN: 9381865086 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 505
Book Description
PART A : STATISTICS FOR ECONOMICS Unit I : Introduction 1. What is Economics ?, 2. Statistics : Meaning, Scope and Importance. Unit II : Collection, Organisation and Presentation of Data 3.Collection of Data : Primary and Secondary Data, 4. Methods of Data Collection : Census and Sampling Methods, 5. Some Important Sources of Secondary Data : Census and N.S.S.O., 6. Organization of Data : Classification, 7. Presentation of Data : Tables, 8. Diagrammatic Presentation of Data, 9. Graphic (Time Series and Frequency Distribution) Presentation of Data. Unit III : Statistical Tools and Interpretation 10. Measures of Central Tendency: Arithmetic Average, 11. Measures of Central Tendency : Median and Mode, 12. Measures of Dispersion, 13. Correlation, 14. Index Number, 15. Some Mathematical Tools Used in Economics : Slope of a Line, Slope of a Curve and Equation of a Line. Unit IV : Developing Projects in Economics 16. Formation of Project in Economics. PART B : INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Unit V : Development Experience, (1947-90) and Economic Reforms Since 1991 1. State of Indian Economy on the Eve of Independence, 2. Common Goals of Five Year Plans in India, 3. Agriculture—Features, Problems and Policies, 4. Industries : Features, Problems & Policies (Industrial Licensing etc.), 5. Foreign Trade of India—Features, Problems and Policies. Unit VI : Economic Reforms Since 1991 6.Economic Reforms in India—Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalisation (L.P.G.) Policies. Unit VII : Current Challenges facing Indian Economy 7. Poverty and Main Programmes of Poverty Alleviation, 8. Rural Development : Key Issues, 9. Human Capital Formation, 10. Employment : Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues, 11. Inflation : Problems and Policies, 12. Infrastructure : Meaning and Types (Case Studies : Energy and Health), 13. Sustainable Economic Development and Environment. Unit VIII : Development Experience of India 14.Development Experience of India : A Comparison with Pakistan & China.
Author: Navneet Singh
Author: Navneet Singh
Author: Navneet Singh
Author: Oswaal Editorial Board
Author: Navneet Singh
Author: Navneet Singh
Author: Anubhuti Dwivedi
Author: Oswaal Editorial Board
Author: Indien National Council of Educational Research and Training
Author: Srishthi Agarwal
Author: Dr. Anupam Agarwal