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Author: Alp Öktem Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
In this dissertation, I study the inclusion of prosody into two applications that involve speech understanding:̃automatic speech transcription and spoken language translation. In the former case, I propose a method that uses an attention mechanism over parallel sequences of prosodic and morphosyntactic features. Results indicate an $F_1$ score of 70.3\% in terms of overall punctuation generation accuracy. In the latter problem I deal with enhancing spoken language translation with prosody. A neural machine translation system trained with movie-domain data is adapted with pause features using a prosodically annotated bilingual dataset. Results show that prosodic punctuation generation as a preliminary step to translation increases translation accuracy by 1\% in terms of BLEU scores. Encoding pauses as an extra encoding feature gives an additional 1\% increase to this number. The system is further extended to jointly predict pause features in order to be used as an input to a text-to-speech system.
Author: Alp Öktem Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
In this dissertation, I study the inclusion of prosody into two applications that involve speech understanding:̃automatic speech transcription and spoken language translation. In the former case, I propose a method that uses an attention mechanism over parallel sequences of prosodic and morphosyntactic features. Results indicate an $F_1$ score of 70.3\% in terms of overall punctuation generation accuracy. In the latter problem I deal with enhancing spoken language translation with prosody. A neural machine translation system trained with movie-domain data is adapted with pause features using a prosodically annotated bilingual dataset. Results show that prosodic punctuation generation as a preliminary step to translation increases translation accuracy by 1\% in terms of BLEU scores. Encoding pauses as an extra encoding feature gives an additional 1\% increase to this number. The system is further extended to jointly predict pause features in order to be used as an input to a text-to-speech system.
Author: K. Sreenivasa Rao Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461413389 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
Predicting Prosody from Text for Text-to-Speech Synthesis covers the specific aspects of prosody, mainly focusing on how to predict the prosodic information from linguistic text, and then how to exploit the predicted prosodic knowledge for various speech applications. Author K. Sreenivasa Rao discusses proposed methods along with state-of-the-art techniques for the acquisition and incorporation of prosodic knowledge for developing speech systems. Positional, contextual and phonological features are proposed for representing the linguistic and production constraints of the sound units present in the text. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers working in the area of speech processing.
Author: Trang Tran Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 109
Book Description
Prosody comprises aspects of speech that communicate information beyond written words related to syntax, sentiment, intent, discourse, and comprehension. Decades of research have confirmed the importance of prosody in human speech perception and production, yet spoken language technology has made limited use of prosodic information. This limitation is due to several reasons. Words (written or transcribed) are often treated as discrete units while speech signals are continuous, which makes it challenging to combine these two modalities appropriately in spoken language systems. In addition, as variable as text can often be, text has fewer sources of variation than speech. Different meanings of a written or transcribed sentence can be communicated through punctuation, but a sentence can be spoken in many more ways, where prosody is often essential in conveying information not reflected in the word sequence. Moreover, given the highly variable nature of speech, most successful systems require a lot of data that covers these different aspects, which in turn requires powerful computing technology that was not available until recently. Given these challenges, and taking advantage of the recent advances in both the speech processing and natural language processing communities, this work aims to develop new mechanisms for integrating prosody in spoken language systems, using spontaneous and expressive speech. This thesis focuses on two language understanding tasks: (a) constituency parsing (identifying the syntactic structure of a sentence), motivated by the fact that prosodic boundaries align with constituent boundaries, and (b) dialog act recognition (identifying the segmentation and intents of utterances in discourse), motivated by the fact that prosodic boundaries signal dialog act boundaries, and intonational cues help disambiguate intents. Both parsing and dialog act recognition are important components of spoken language systems. This work makes several contributions. From the modeling perspective, we propose a method for integrating prosody effectively in spoken language understanding systems, which is shown empirically to advance the state of the art in parsing and dialog act recognition tasks. Further, our methods can be extended to other spoken language processing tasks. Through many experiments and analyses, our work contributes to a better understanding and design of language systems. Finally, speech understanding has broad impact on many areas, as it facilitates accessibility and allows for more natural human-computer interactions in education, health care, elder care, and AI-assisted domains in general.
Author: Leena Mary Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319911716 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 70
Book Description
This updated book expands upon prosody for recognition applications of speech processing. It includes importance of prosody for speech processing applications; builds on why prosody needs to be incorporated in speech processing applications; and presents methods for extraction and representation of prosody for applications such as speaker recognition, language recognition and speech recognition. The updated book also includes information on the significance of prosody for emotion recognition and various prosody-based approaches for automatic emotion recognition from speech.
Author: Yoshinori Sagisaka Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461222583 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 405
Book Description
This book presents a collection of papers from the Spring 1995 Work shop on Computational Approaches to Processing the Prosody of Spon taneous Speech, hosted by the ATR Interpreting Telecommunications Re search Laboratories in Kyoto, Japan. The workshop brought together lead ing researchers in the fields of speech and signal processing, electrical en gineering, psychology, and linguistics, to discuss aspects of spontaneous speech prosody and to suggest approaches to its computational analysis and modelling. The book is divided into four sections. Part I gives an overview and theoretical background to the nature of spontaneous speech, differentiating it from the lab-speech that has been the focus of so many earlier analyses. Part II focuses on the prosodic features of discourse and the structure of the spoken message, Part ilIon the generation and modelling of prosody for computer speech synthesis. Part IV discusses how prosodic information can be used in the context of automatic speech recognition. Each section of the book starts with an invited overview paper to situate the chapters in the context of current research. We feel that this collection of papers offers interesting insights into the scope and nature of the problems concerned with the computational analysis and modelling of real spontaneous speech, and expect that these works will not only form the basis of further developments in each field but also merge to form an integrated computational model of prosody for a better understanding of human processing of the complex interactions of the speech chain.
Author: Alex Waibel Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann ISBN: 9780934613705 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 228
Book Description
Waibel, (computer science, Carnegie-Mellon U.), focuses on the prosodic cues (e.g., pitch, intensity, rhythm, temporal relationships, stress) that are critical to human speech perception. No index. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author: Xu Tan Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9819908272 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
Text-to-speech (TTS) aims to synthesize intelligible and natural speech based on the given text. It is a hot topic in language, speech, and machine learning research and has broad applications in industry. This book introduces neural network-based TTS in the era of deep learning, aiming to provide a good understanding of neural TTS, current research and applications, and the future research trend. This book first introduces the history of TTS technologies and overviews neural TTS, and provides preliminary knowledge on language and speech processing, neural networks and deep learning, and deep generative models. It then introduces neural TTS from the perspective of key components (text analyses, acoustic models, vocoders, and end-to-end models) and advanced topics (expressive and controllable, robust, model-efficient, and data-efficient TTS). It also points some future research directions and collects some resources related to TTS. This book is the first to introduce neural TTS in a comprehensive and easy-to-understand way and can serve both academic researchers and industry practitioners working on TTS.
Author: Keikichi Hirose Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3662452588 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 212
Book Description
The volume addresses issues concerning prosody generation in speech synthesis, including prosody modeling, how we can convey para- and non-linguistic information in speech synthesis, and prosody control in speech synthesis (including prosody conversions). A high level of quality has already been achieved in speech synthesis by using selection-based methods with segments of human speech. Although the method enables synthetic speech with various voice qualities and speaking styles, it requires large speech corpora with targeted quality and style. Accordingly, speech conversion techniques are now of growing interest among researchers. HMM/GMM-based methods are widely used, but entail several major problems when viewed from the prosody perspective; prosodic features cover a wider time span than segmental features and their frame-by-frame processing is not always appropriate. The book offers a good overview of state-of-the-art studies on prosody in speech synthesis.
Author: Ralf Kompe Publisher: Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence ISBN: Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
This collection of comprehensive reviews describes the present knowledge of the enzyme mechanisms involved in the biodegradation of wood and wood components, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin by both fungi and bacteria. The extensive knowledge, presented in this volume, was developed in laboratories world-wide over the last few decades and constitutes the foundation for present and future biotechnology in the pulp and paper industry.
Author: Alp Öktem
Author: Alp Öktem
Author: K. Sreenivasa Rao
Author: Trang Tran
Author: Pelle Söderström
Author: Leena Mary
Author: Yoshinori Sagisaka
Author: Alex Waibel
Author: Xu Tan
Author: Keikichi Hirose
Author: Ralf Kompe