The Relation Between Final Demand and Income Distribution PDF Download

Author: C. Grootaert
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642515630
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 121

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Author: David Pothier
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1498300987
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 50

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This paper highlights how changes in the composition of demand affect income dispersion in the short run. We first document how the share of aggregate spending dedicated to labour-intensive goods and services shrinks (expands) during downturns (booms), and argue that this contributes to the observed pro-cyclicality of employment and output in labour-intensive industries. Using a two-sector general equilibrium model, we then assess how this demand composition channel influences the cyclical properties of the income distribution. Consistent with empirical evidence, we find income inequality to be countercyclical due to changes in the level of employment and (to a lesser extent) relative factor prices. The model also shows that wealth redistribution policies can potentially involve a trade-off between equality and output, depending on how they affect the composition of aggregate demand.

Author: K. Miyazawa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642481469
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 147

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The purpose of this study is in keeping with the shift in concern over the eco nomic problems of growth to those of income distribution in recent years. Income distribution problems may be analyzed by not only the traditional procedures, but also by some extensions of the input-output technique as I shall demonstrate in this volume of the Lecture Notes. Some fruitful results are obtained by applying the extended input-output technique to income analysis as well as to output analysis. This volume consists of three parts. These parts may be viewed along two veins, with some overlapping unavoidable: (1) Parts One and Two contain extensions of the input-output analysis and (2) Parts One and Three contain studies of the effects of the structure of income distribution on some other economic relationships. First, as an extension of the input-output analysis, we present a synthesis of the Leontief interindustry matrix multiplier and the Keynesian income multiplier in disaggregated form, and introduce a new concept which may be called the "Interrela tional Income Multiplier" as a matrix. It is designed to analyze the interrelation ships among various income-groups in the process of income formation through the medium of industrial production activity. Although this multi-sector multiplier follows from Leontief's interindustry matrix multiplier, it is formulated by the inclusion of the income generation process, which is omitted in the usual input output open model, and by projecting the multiplier process into not only the output determination side, but also into the income-determination side.

Author: R. Albert Berry
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429707746
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 270

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This book assesses the distributional impact of a number of economic policies on the distribution of income by examining several examples from Colombia. It provides a better base for quantitative comparisons of the effects of different policies.

Author: Nurul Islam
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351726099
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 582

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This title was first published in 2003. Nurul Islam, currently head of economic and social policy at the FAO/UN and a key advisor at the International Food Policy Research Institute, has been a renowned expert on economic development for the past thirty years. Over that time he has researched and written about a wide range of economic development issues, focussing mainly on policy. For the first time ever, his most important writings have been brought together in this volume, reflecting not only Professor Islam’s own views on particular issues, but also providing a unique overview of the key debates and discussions taking place among academic economist and policy analysts over the past three decades. The collection is divided into three main sections: trade and aid, development strategy, and food security, the section on food security being the most recent. It discusses food security in a broad sense, covering issues of availability and growth in food production, access or entitlement of individuals or households to basic food, and variability in food supplies and prices. In the section on Development Strategy, Professor Islam highlights how theoretical argument has veered away from organized ’development planning’ models which proved so important in the 1960s. He questions the role of models and policies throughout the decades and, following articles written in the 1970s or 80s, he includes articles he has recently completed, assessing the previous ones from his current perspective. In the final section, on Trade and Aid, he follows the academic debate on trade and exchange rate policies in developing countries from the 1960s to the progress of the WTO forums of today. This is a wide-ranging and thought-provoking volume. No matter whether the subject in question was examined in the 1960s or currently, Professor Islam provides a challenging and insightful analysis, and even the earliest articles retain relevance and will be of continuing interest.

Author: United States. Office of Business Economics
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gross national product
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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This seminal book by one of our leading thinkers on race issues will forever change our views on race and ethnicity, culture, and the explosive policy issues that revolve around them, not only in contemporary America but in societies around the world and down through history. Race and Culture brings together more than a decade of research, encompassing dozens of ethnic groups in scores of countries around the world, to challenge most of the fundamental assumptions underlying the whole spectrum of "social science" beliefs and government policies dealing with racial and ethnic minorities. Its thesis is that differences in productive skills and cultural values are the key to understanding the advancement - or regression - of particular groups, particular countries, and whole civilizations. Thomas Sowell concludes that cultural capital has far more impact than politics, prejudice, or genetics on the social and economic fates of minorities, nations, and civilizations. The spread of these skills across the planet, whether through migration or conquest, has shaped much of the history of the world and transformed its landscape. Attempts to achieve through multiculturalism, affirmative action, or other policies what can only be achieved by the development of cultural capital are illusions and distractions only likely to make matters worse.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Commercial statistics
Languages : en
Pages : 564

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gross national product
Languages : en
Pages : 262

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Author: Camilo Dagum
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364284250X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 427

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This book deals with the following issues: the analysis, estimation and assessment of alternatived models of income distribution, the specification and evaluation of income inequality measures the analysis and measurement of poverty and its rationale, the scope and methodological power of the social accounting matrix (SAM) in the analysis of the functional and personal distribution of income and the family income multiplier, the study of the source and reliability of income distribution data, the decomposition of income inequality measures, the asymptotic distributions and inferential analysis of income inequalities, and an inquiry on the income distribution and income inequality of Eastern European Countries under socialism. New models on income and wealth distribution are specified and their corresponding properties and goodness of fit are discussed. A multivariate approach to the measurement of poverty is developed and applied, and a compact survey of the literature is presented. The book can be used as a text in advanced undergraduate and graduate courses dealing with the theory, model specifications, methods and applications of income and wealth distribution, income inequality and poverty assessment in measurement and the use of SAMs in the analysis of income distribution.

Author: United States. Office of Business Economics
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Gross national product
Languages : en
Pages : 252

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