In Vitro Teratogenicity Testing Using a 3D, Embryo-like Gastruloid System PDF Download

Author: Veronika Mantziou
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description

Author: Ajin Park
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Embryonic stem cells
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
Gastrulation is an early morphogenetic process that is conserved across most metazoans and lays out the future body plan through the formation and shaping of the three germ layers: endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. Despite its importance, not much is known about the events surrounding human gastrulation that occurs in utero due to ethical and technical limitations on studying human embryos. Therefore, many researchers have devised protocols for creating in vitro models of gastrulation using embryonic stem cells. Initially starting with mouse embryonic stem cells, the field of in vitro embryo models has advanced rapidly, with protocols using human embryonic stem cells being only recently published in 2020. However, validation of these models through comparison with other in vitro models or with animal gastrulae has only started. As such, this study investigates one of the first 3D gastruloid protocol using human embryonic stem cells to create an optimized protocol using the H1 embryonic stem cell line, which is then validated with immunofluorescent staining for germ layer markers. And lastly, cells from 3D gastruloids generated from H1 and RUES2-GRL cell lineswere tested for the ability to self-aggregate through a dissociation and reseeding experiment onto 2D micropatterns. Whereas cells from dissociated RUES2-GRL 3D gastruloids showed clear evidence of self-aggregation comparable to what was reported in a similar experiment with 2D gastruloids, cells from H1 3D gastruloids did not. However, further optimization of the protocol is needed. Overall, the results reported in this thesis have identified conditions to generate in vitro H1 3D elongating gastruloids with three germ layers, as well as showing the evolutionarily conserved sorting ability of 3D RUES2-GRL gastruloid cells.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309070864
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 348

View

Book Description
Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.

Author: Luís Félix
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493993147
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 614

View

Book Description
This detailed book provides a compilation of laboratory techniques and tests to assess the risks to embryo-fetal development from drug exposure during early developmental stages. After an introduction to teratogenicity testing, the contents explore both in vitro and in vivo techniques in the study of the teratogenic and fetotoxic effects of drugs, as well as numerous animal-based teratology methods. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and comprehensive, Teratogenicity Testing: Methods and Protocols describes methods that integrate a battery of tests that can be performed in cells, organs, tissues, and animal models for evaluating toxicity and/or the safety of compounds in early developmental stages with the goal of estimating, preventing, or minimizing the teratogenic potential of drugs.

Author: Michael Cross
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521770505
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 547

View

Book Description
An account of how complex patterns form in sustained nonequilibrium systems; for graduate students in biology, chemistry, engineering, mathematics, and physics.

Author: Viktor Hamburger
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 216

View

Book Description
Here is a critical account of the experimental work of German biologist and Nobel laureate Hans Spemann, one of the founders of experimental embryology. The author, a distinguished developmental biologist, spent almost a decade in Spemann's laboratory. He examines Spemann's work and traces the different lines of investigation which emerged from his mentor's seminal research, and laid the foundation for modern cellular and developmental biology.

Author: Hans Driesch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biology
Languages : en
Pages : 356

View

Book Description

Author: Sir Gavin De Beer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Embryology
Languages : en
Pages : 224

View

Book Description

Author: Patrick P. L. Tam
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781936113248
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
"A subject collection from Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology."

Author: Toni Cade Bambara
Publisher: Vintage
ISBN: 0307778010
Category : Fiction
Languages : en
Pages : 305

View

Book Description
A community of Black faith healers witness an event that will change their lives forever in this "hard-nosed, wise, funny" novel (Los Angeles Times). Set in a fictional city in the American South, the novel also "inhabits the nonlinear, sacred space and sacred time of traditional African religion” (The New York Times Book Review). Though they all united in their search for the healing properties of salt, some of them are centered, some are off-balance; some are frightened, and some are daring. From the men who live off welfare women to the mud mothers who carry their children in their hides, the novel brilliantly explores the narcissistic aspect of despair and the tremendous responsibility that comes with physical, spiritual, and mental well-being.