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Author: Meng Gao (PhD) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Air Languages : en Pages : 171
Book Description
Frequent haze events have been happening in the North China Plain (NCP), and the severity of these events has attracted massive attention from both the public and the scientific community. Extremely high aerosol loadings in these haze events significantly influence visibility, human health and climate. Thus, improving understanding of haze pollution is of great importance. Furthermore, air quality modeling remains challenging. This thesis elucidated the roles of meteorology, secondary aerosol formation, regional transport, and aerosol feedbacks in winter haze formation, clarified the impacts of emission changes and meteorology changes on PM2.5 concentrations, directly emphasized the importance of implementing pollution control strategies using assessments of health and climate effects, and improved model performance in simulating sulfate and PM2.5 via incorporating heterogeneous sulfate formation and assimilating surface PM2.5 concentrations. This thesis also provided some implications for policy makers. Priorities should be given to control SO2, NH3, and OC emissions, which can be achieved by promoting the shift from coal/biofuel to cleaner energy, and by changing animal feeding and housing ways. In addition, more attention to greenhouse gases and absorbing aerosols is still necessary since absorbing aerosols play important roles in aerosol feedbacks, aerosol feedbacks can aggravate haze pollution, and increases in temperature may increase aerosol concentrations. To protect the public health, it is of great importance to predict air pollution episodes, release alerts of incoming severe haze episodes, and take emergency measures to reduce pollution levels.
Author: Meng Gao (PhD) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Air Languages : en Pages : 171
Book Description
Frequent haze events have been happening in the North China Plain (NCP), and the severity of these events has attracted massive attention from both the public and the scientific community. Extremely high aerosol loadings in these haze events significantly influence visibility, human health and climate. Thus, improving understanding of haze pollution is of great importance. Furthermore, air quality modeling remains challenging. This thesis elucidated the roles of meteorology, secondary aerosol formation, regional transport, and aerosol feedbacks in winter haze formation, clarified the impacts of emission changes and meteorology changes on PM2.5 concentrations, directly emphasized the importance of implementing pollution control strategies using assessments of health and climate effects, and improved model performance in simulating sulfate and PM2.5 via incorporating heterogeneous sulfate formation and assimilating surface PM2.5 concentrations. This thesis also provided some implications for policy makers. Priorities should be given to control SO2, NH3, and OC emissions, which can be achieved by promoting the shift from coal/biofuel to cleaner energy, and by changing animal feeding and housing ways. In addition, more attention to greenhouse gases and absorbing aerosols is still necessary since absorbing aerosols play important roles in aerosol feedbacks, aerosol feedbacks can aggravate haze pollution, and increases in temperature may increase aerosol concentrations. To protect the public health, it is of great importance to predict air pollution episodes, release alerts of incoming severe haze episodes, and take emergency measures to reduce pollution levels.
Author: Idir Bouarar Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319594893 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 498
Book Description
This book, written by an international group of experts from China, Europe and the USA, presents a broad and comprehensive analysis of the chemical and meteorological processes responsible for the formation of air pollutants in eastern Asia, and in particular for the development of severe pollution episodes observed primarily during winter in the northeastern part of China. With the rapid population growth, economic development and urbanization occurring in Asia, air pollution has become a major environmental problem in this part of the world. The book is organized around six distinct parts. The first part of the volume offers a general perspective on issues related to air pollution including persistent haze events in eastern and southern Asia. The second part presents an overview of air pollution sources (i.e., anthropogenic and biomass burning sources). The third part analyzes in-situ observations of chemical species in China, while the fourth part focuses on space observations of gas-phase and aerosol species. The modeling aspects are treated in the fifth part of the volume, which includes a presentation of several air quality forecast systems and an assessment of the role of urbanization on air pollution levels. Finally, the effects of air pollution on health and crop productivity in China are discussed in the last part of the book. The book also presents an integrated view of past and present situations in Asia and provides the scientific basis from which mitigation policies can be established and air quality can be improved. Audience: This book is written for scientists, educators, students, environmental managers, policy-makers and leaders in public administration and private corporations who wish to use science-based information to mitigate air pollution. The book should help decision-makers to design effective policies for air quality improvement and to successfully manage short-term air pollution episodes that substantially affect people’s quality of life and strongly impact the economy.
Author: Chinese Academy of Sciences Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309178835 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 386
Book Description
The United States and China are the top two energy consumers in the world. As a consequence, they are also the top two emitters of numerous air pollutants which have local, regional, and global impacts. Urbanization has led to serious air pollution problems in U.S. and Chinese cities; although U.S. cities continues to face challenges, the lessons they have learned in managing energy use and air quality are relevant to the Chinese experience. This report summarizes current trends, profiles two U.S. and two Chinese cities, and recommends key actions to enable each country to continue to improve urban air quality.
Author: Guang-Hui Dong Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811056579 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 277
Book Description
This book focuses on the health impacts of air pollution in China, especially the epidemiology-based exposure-response functions for the mortality, morbidity, and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, lung cancer, and mental health related to pollution. It also provides the latest estimates of the magnitude of the adverse effects of air pollution on the health of the Chinese population. By providing a better understanding of the impact of air pollution on health, it improves the scientific basis of risk assessment, and also helps governments develop policies and other health protection initiatives to reduce the impacts of air pollution. The book offers environmental scientists, engineers, researchers and students a comprehensive and organized body of information in the area of air pollution.
Author: Guofeng Zhang Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811537577 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 120
Book Description
This book provides a dynamic simulation model based on input-output table. The model includes an objective function, i.e. maximizing economic and social development and three sub-models, including economic growth model, pollutant emission model and energy balance model. The data of 2012 is selected as the base period data. The haze control policy of Hebei Province is written into the model as an exogenous variable. Reducing the total PM2.5 emissions is an environmental constraint, which is used to eliminate the impact of natural factors on environmental quality. Lingo software is used to simulate this model. By comparing the socio-economic impacts in different scenarios, this book found the most effective policy combination of haze governance. Comprehensive haze governance policy recommendations provide experience for other regions of China and other developing countries. In this book, the dynamic simulation model of haze governance also provides a reference to other environmental policy simulations. This book is divided into five parts. The first part is an introduction. This paper mainly introduces the research background, research status at home and abroad, the purpose and significance of the study, the content and methods of the study, the key scientific problems to be solved and the expected results. In the second part, the current situation and existing problems of economic, social, energy and environment development in the study area are analyzed in detail. In the third part, a comprehensive evaluation model of dynamic optimization of haze control policy is constructed. The fourth part carries on the simulation experiment, and carries on the analysis to the experimental result. The fifth part puts forward the policy suggestions to realize the economic, social, energy and environmental development of Hebei Province. In this book, we have some understandings about haze governance. From the perspective of policy effect, the policy effects of subsidy for soil and water conservation, subsidy for development and utilization of clean energy, subsidy for new energy vehicles, motor vehicle restriction and subsidy for introduction of PM2.5 treatment technology are decreasing. Comprehensive policy can better achieve the goal of sustainable development of economy, energy and environment than single policy, and the effect of "source governance" policy is better than that of "end governance" policy.
Author: Hong He Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811969566 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 263
Book Description
This book summarizes the new major research findings about formation mechanism and control strategies of haze in China, including basic theories, key technologies, equipment and platforms and the applications and implementations of control technologies, in implementing the Strategic Priority Research Program (Class B) of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Different types of air pollution processes experienced by the developed countries in different stages are out-breaking simultaneously in China in the recent years and resulting a new type of “haze chemistry smog” pollution, which is different from the “London smog” and the “Los Angeles photochemical smog”. This book provides a useful reference for related researchers, engineers and policy-makers engaged in atmospheric pollution research, prevention and control in China and other countries.
Author: Ramesh P. Singh Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128166940 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 582
Book Description
Asian Atmospheric Pollution: Sources, Characteristics and Impacts provides a concise yet comprehensive treatment of all aspects of pollution and air quality monitoring, across all of Asia. It focuses on key regions of the world and details a variety of sources, their transport mechanism, long term variability and impacts on climate at local and regional scales. It also discusses the feedback on pollutants, on different meteorological parameters like radiative forcing, fog formations, precipitation, cloud characteristics and more. Drawing upon the expertise of multiple well-known authors from different countries to underline some of these key issues, it includes sections dedicated to treatment of pollutant sources, studying of pollutants and trace gases using satellite/station based observations and models, transport mechanisms, seasonal and inter-annual variability and impact on climate, health and biosphere in general. Asian Atmospheric Pollution: Sources, Characteristics and Impacts is a useful resource for scientists and students to understand the sources and dynamics of atmospheric pollution as well as their transport from one continent to other continents, helping the atmospheric modelling community to model different scenarios of the pollution, gauge its short term and long term impacts across regional to global scales and better understand the ramifications of episodic events. Covers all of Asia in detail in terms of pollution Focuses not only on local pollution, but on long-term transport of these pollutants and their impacts on other regions as well as the globe Includes discussion of both particulate matter and greenhouse gases Serves as a single resource on Asian air pollution and Impacts from the most current research across the globe including the US, Asia, Africa and Europe
Author: Claudio O. Delang Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1317209281 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 147
Book Description
China’s rapid industrialisation has led to "an air pollution catastrophe". Concerted efforts to achieve economic growth have led to veiled skies of toxic air and created health and morbidity problems as well as tremendous environmental degradation. China’s Air Pollution Problems provides an overview of air pollution in China describing how and why China has ended up in such a dire situation, what the government is doing to address the problem and the difficulties it is encountering in attempting to reduce the pollution. The analysis is based on both grey literature (newspaper articles, NGO reports, Chinese government information) and on academic studies. The grey literature gives a voice to those who suffer from the pollution, their advocates, and government officers, and allows the reader to better grasp the conditions on the ground, and the impact of air pollution among people in different areas in China. The academic literature adds a theoretical perspective and brings these different case studies into a broader context. This book will be of great interest to students of environmental pollution and contemporary Chinese studies looking for an introduction to the topic and also for researchers looking for an extensive list of sources and analysis of China's environmental problems.
Author: Meng Gao (PhD)
Author: Meng Gao (PhD)
Author: Idir Bouarar
Author: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Author: Guang-Hui Dong
Author: Sneha Gautam
Author: Guofeng Zhang
Author: Hong He
Author: Ramesh P. Singh
Author: Claudio O. Delang
Author: Mun S. Ho