Impacts of Enhanced Efficiency Nitrogen Fertilizers on Yield-scaled N2O Emissions in Illinois Maize PDF Download

Author: Rebecca Faye Graham
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: James Stuart Schepers
Publisher: ASA-CSSA-SSSA
ISBN: 9780891181644
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 994

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Review of the principles and management implications related to nitrogen in the soil-plant-water system.

Author: Hannah Waterhouse
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781339543277
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Agriculture contributes ~58% of all global anthropogenic nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, a potent greenhouse gas, and 33% of emissions from California agriculture are in the form of N2O. Nitrogen (N) fertilizer and irrigation management can affect N2O emissions from agricultural systems, however few field studies in California have been conducted. Field trials in the San Joaquin Valley were conducted over two years from 2013 to 2015 examining the influence of concentration ammoniacal N fertilizers, irrigation method, and nitrification inhibitors on N2O emissions and agronomic indices, such as yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), in a corn system. In 2013, in the furrow-irrigated (FI) field, starter fertilizer (8 kg N/ha) and UAN32 fertilizer was side dressed at a rate of 218 kg N/ha, except for the high rate treatment where side dress fertilizer was applied at a rate of 334 kg N/ha. In 2014, in the FI field, starter N fertilizer (13 kg N/ha) and side dress UAN32 fertilizer (252 kg N/ha) was applied to all treatments, except for the high rate treatment (342 kg N/ha). To test the effects of concentration on N2O emissions, the same rate of N fertilizer was applied as a single band of fertilizer and compared to the same rate applied as two subsurface bands on either side of the plant row. Furthermore, this single band of fertilizer was then compared to a higher rate of N fertilizer that was split into two subsurface applied on either side of the plant row. To test the effects of irrigation management, a subsurface drip irrigated field where N was supplied via fertigation in 5 equal increments as UAN32 at 250 kg N/ha in both years was compared to the standard farmer's practice of two subsurface bands in the furrow irrigated field fertilized at a rate of 218 kg N/ha and 252 kg N/ha in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The nitrification inhibitor AgrotainPlus was applied with UAN32 in two subsurface bands across either side of the plant row and compared to the same rate of fertilizer applied without the inhibitor to elucidate the effect of this fertilizer technology on N2O emissions and nitrification as a source of N2O. Soil ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite samples were collected to understand the soil nitrogen dynamics underlying the pathways of N2O production. Concentrating fertilizer into one band increased emissions in both years with statistical differences found in the second year when the single band was placed in the bed. However, no effect on yield was found when comparing the banded treatments. Subsurface drip irrigation significantly reduced emissions in both years by ~50-78% and increased yields in the first year. Nitrification inhibitors also successfully reduced emissions by 60% when applied at the appropriate plant growth stage with no effect on yield suggesting that nitrification is a significant source of N2O in the absence of the inhibitor. These results suggest that fertilizer management strategies targeting N2O emissions from nitrification can significantly reduce the greenhouse gas footprint from ammonium-based fertilizer application.

Author: Youssef Rouphael
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889635589
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 659

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Author: Amal Roy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: J. R. Wilson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470

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Book Description
Nitrogen transformation processes; The nitrogen cycle in different systems; Advances in nitrogen methodology; 15N recovery techniques in the field.

Author: Mark A. Sutton
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139501372
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 665

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Book Description
Presenting the first continental-scale assessment of reactive nitrogen in the environment, this book sets the related environmental problems in context by providing a multidisciplinary introduction to the nitrogen cycle processes. Issues of upscaling from farm plot and city to national and continental scales are addressed in detail with emphasis on opportunities for better management at local to global levels. The five key societal threats posed by reactive nitrogen are assessed, providing a framework for joined-up management of the nitrogen cycle in Europe, including the first cost-benefit analysis for different reactive nitrogen forms and future scenarios. Incorporating comprehensive maps, a handy technical synopsis and a summary for policy makers, this landmark volume is an essential reference for academic researchers across a wide range of disciplines, as well as stakeholders and policy makers. It is also a valuable tool in communicating the key environmental issues and future challenges to the wider public.

Author: Jeffrey A. Coulter
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039289071
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326

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Global crop production must substantially increase to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population. This is constrained by the availability of nutrients, water, and land. There is also an urgent need to reduce the negative environmental impacts of crop production. Collectively, these issues represent one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century. Sustainable cropping systems based on ecological principles are the core of integrated approaches to solve this critical challenge. This special issue provides an international basis for revealing the underlying mechanisms of sustainable cropping systems to drive agronomic innovations. It includes review and original research articles that report novel scientific findings on improvement in cropping systems related to crop yields and their resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, resource use efficiency, environmental impact, sustainability, and ecosystem services.

Author: John E. Rogers
Publisher: ASM Press
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 316

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This volume reviews current data on the relationship between microbial processes and the synthesis and degradation of methane, nitrogen oxides and halomethanes in the environment.

Author: Jules N. Pretty
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136529276
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 292

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Book Description
Continued population growth, rapidly changing consumption patterns and the impacts of climate change and environmental degradation are driving limited resources of food, energy, water and materials towards critical thresholds worldwide. These pressures are likely to be substantial across Africa, where countries will have to find innovative ways to boost crop and livestock production to avoid becoming more reliant on imports and food aid. Sustainable agricultural intensification - producing more output from the same area of land while reducing the negative environmental impacts - represents a solution for millions of African farmers. This volume presents the lessons learned from 40 sustainable agricultural intensification programmes in 20 countries across Africa, commissioned as part of the UK Government's Foresight project. Through detailed case studies, the authors of each chapter examine how to develop productive and sustainable agricultural systems and how to scale up these systems to reach many more millions of people in the future. Themes covered include crop improvements, agroforestry and soil conservation, conservation agriculture, integrated pest management, horticulture, livestock and fodder crops, aquaculture, and novel policies and partnerships.