Impact of Trans-10, Cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid on Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 and Adipogenic Genes in Cultures of Human Adipose Tissue Explants PDF Download

Author: James Nathan Provo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Linoleic acid
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description
"Obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, currently ranking second among causes of preventable deaths. Our research group has shown in cultures of differentiated human adipocytes that 30 uM trans-10, cis-12 Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) increases IL-6 and IL-8 secretion into the media and lowers mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR). Human adipose tissue explants were incubated with either vehicle or 30 uM trans-10, cis-12 CLA for 8, 24, or 72 h. Trans-10, cis-12 CLA treatment increased IL-6 and IL-8 secretion into the media (p

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description
We analyzed gene expression during t10c12-CLA-induced body fat reduction in a polygenic obese line of mice. Adult mice (N=185) were allotted to a 2x2 factorial experiment consisting of a non-obese (ICR-control) and an obese (M16-selected) line of mice fed a 7% fat, purified diet containing either 1% linoleic acid (LA) or 1% t10c12-CLA. Body weight (BW) gain by day 14 was 12% lower in CLA compared to LA fed mice (P0.0001). By day 14, t10c12-CLA reduced weights of epididymal, mesenteric and brown adipose tissues as a percentage of BW in both lines by 30, 27 and 58%, respectively, and increased liver weight/BW by 34% (P

Author: Celeste Gauthreaux Koster
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Linoleic acid
Languages : en
Pages : 106

View

Book Description
Abstract: Chronic treatment with the dietary fatty acid, trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12-CLA) reduces body fat in growing mice and inhibits adipogenesis in several adipocyte cell models. Here, we show that t10c12-CLA (100uM) and arachidonic acid (100uM) preferentially activate PPARB in both the PPARB/PPRE-TK-Luc reporter system and PPARB-GAL4/UAS-TK-Lucreporter system significantly (P

Author: Ralph Lee House
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 133

View

Book Description
Keywords: apoptosis, metabolism, de-lipidation, lipid, conjugated linoleic acid, Obesity.

Author: Madhuri Vemuri
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781109662306
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

View

Book Description
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) refers to all the positional and geometric isomers of linoleic acid. The two most studied isomers are cis9, trans11-CLA and trans10, cis12-CLA. CLA supplements, often a mixture of the two isomers, have been popularly used for weight loss and other claimed health benefits. However supplementing CLA isomers, especially trans10, cis12-CLA has been shown to cause non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance (IR) in several animal models. Here we have confirmed that supplementing 0.5% trans10, cis12-CLA to C57BL/6 mice for 8 weeks causes NAFLD and IR. When CLA diets were concomitantly supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at 1.5% (w/w) for 8 weeks, DHA prevented CLA induced IR, while EPA was ineffective. Both EPA and DHA prevented CLA induced fatty liver. CLA also reduced the plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations, and both EPA and DHA partially restored plasma leptin, but only DHA partially restored the plasma adiponectin. In another experiment, concomitant supplementation of CLA diets with 0.5% of flaxseed oil (rich in alpha linolenic acid) also prevented IR and decreased liver weights and lipids compared with those in CLA group. CLA supplementation also altered lipid profile in liver, decreasing n-6 and n-3 wt% and increasing n-6:n-3 ratio. Concomitant supplementation with flaxseed oil increased n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated (PUFA) in liver lipids and decreased the n-6:n-3 ratio compared to that in CLA group. Supplementing 0.5% (w/w) of purified c9, t11- or trans10, cis12-CLA to mice for 8 weeks altered fatty acid profile of tissues differently. c9, t11-CLA diet reduced MUFA wt% in liver, adipose tissue, and spleen, and reduced the spleen n-3 PUFAs significantly while increasing the n-6 PUFA wt% in all tissues except heart. In contrast, trans10, cis12-CLA reduced both the n-6 and n-3 PUFA wt% in liver and heart however increased the wt% of n-3 PUFAs in spleen. Considering the adverse health effects of trans10, cis12-CLA and of mixtures of CLA isomers on NAFLD, IR and tissue fatty acids, human use of CLA supplements should not be recommended.

Author: Sunil C. Kaul
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319591924
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 517

View

Book Description
Rapidly increasing aging population and environmental stressors are the two main global concerns of increasing incidence of a variety of pathologies in the modern society. The complex etiologies and pathologies cause major challenges to disease treatment. On the other hand, several herbs are known for their health-caring and disease-curing activities. Ashwagandha, a popular herb in Indian traditional home medicine, Ayurveda, has gathered increasing recognition in recent years when the chemically synthesized drugs for single target therapies showed limited success and adverse toxic effects. Ashwagandha is known as a powerful adaptogen and trusted to enhance function of the brain, reproductive system, cell-mediated immunity and increase the body's defense against disease, and possess anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-arthritic activities. In this book, for the first time, we provide a complete portrait on scientific understanding of the effects of Ashwagandha and its active principles for a variety of preventive and therapeutic activities.

Author: Kaïs Hussain Al-Gubory
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319676253
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 572

View

Book Description
This book offers a collection of expert reviews on the use of plant-based antioxidant therapies in disease prevention and treatment. Topics discussed include the uses of plant and nutritional antioxidants in the contexts of reproductive health and prenatal development, healthcare and aging, noncommunicable chronic diseases, and environmental pollution. The text is complemented by a wealth of color figures and summary tables.

Author: Sydney R. Coleman
Publisher: Thieme
ISBN: 1626238448
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 567

View

Book Description
Fat grafting is rapidly becoming one of the most requested procedures for a new generation. It offers a valuable tool to address patient demands for less invasive cosmetic procedures that produce natural, long-lasting results. Structural Fat Grafting, written by Dr. Sydney Coleman, who helped pioneer this technique, is the first comprehensive work on this topic. It provides surgeons with the expert guidance needed to master this technique for a wide variety of applications, including facial and hand rejuvenation, adjustment of facial proportions, and correction of liposuction deformities. This remarkable book presents a revolutionary new model for analyzing facial aging that is destined to dramatically alter the way you analyze and treat patients. Each clinical chapter is a monograph unto itself, filled with case presentations, tips and tricks, and sound advice to guide the surgeon through the key maneuvers necessary for fat grafting in each anatomic area. Learn Exciting, New Ways to Approach Classic Problems Beautifully illustrated with step-by-step photographs and illustrations, it provides a complete blueprint for achieving positive, repeatable outcomes from a procedure that offers an alternative to operations that elevate and tighten. Numerous preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative views are included to demonstrate the efficacy of structural fat grafting and the excellent long-term results that can be expected. Dr. Coleman's technique for preparation, harvest, refinement, and placement of fat is carefully detailed to help you achieve long-lasting, stable results. Information about incisions, levels of infiltration, volume ranges, technical considerations, key strategies, most likely technical mistakes, and possible complications are included in each chapter to provide the reader with the guidance for performing this technique for a variety of clinical applications. The accompanying CD features operative video demonstrating fat grafting techniques in various anatomic areas. Readers will find this exciting volume invaluable as they discover the full arsenal of skills required to master this increasingly popular procedure.

Author: T. K. Lim
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319260650
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 702

View

Book Description
This book covers such plants with edible modified storage subterranean stems (corms, rhizomes, stem tubers) and unmodified subterranean stem stolons, above ground swollen stems and hypocotyls, storage roots (tap root, lateral roots, root tubers), and bulbs, that are eaten as conventional or functional food as vegetables and spices, as herbal teas, and may provide a source of food additive or neutraceuticals. This volume covers selected plant species with edible modified stems, roots and bulbs in the families Iridaceae, Lamiaceae, Marantaceae, Nelumbonaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Orchidaceae, Oxalidaceae, Piperaceae, Poaceae, Rubiaceae and Simaroubaceae. The edible species dealt with in this work include wild and underutilized crops and also common and widely grown ornamentals. To help in identification of the plant and edible parts coloured illustrations are included. As in the preceding ten volumes, topics covered include: taxonomy (botanical name and synonyms); common English and vernacular names; origin and distribution; agro-ecological requirements edible plant parts and uses; plant botany; nutritive, medicinal and pharmacological properties with up-to-date research findings; traditional medicinal uses; other non-edible uses; and selected/cited references for further reading. This volume has separate indices for scientific and common names; and separate scientific and medical glossaries.

Author: Grant N. Pierce
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461557631
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227

View

Book Description
This volume contains the proceedings of the 2nd World Conference of the International Society for Molecular Nutrition & Therapy. This conference was held on August 2-4, 1997, in Winnipeg, Canada. The goal of the conference was to advance our knowledge concerning the molecular events which link nutrition to various disease processes in the body. This volume represents an important compilation of unique articles addressing the molecular and cellular basis for the nutritional and therapeutic treatment of five general disease processes.