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Author: Kushal A. Aurangabadkar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Nowadays with the increasing use of technology, Traditional data centers are being replaced by the highly efficient Containerized or Modular Data centers. The cooling systems and constructional cost employed for Traditional Data centers is more and inefficient. The research intricate, about 23% of the power is consumed by HVAC cooling units and which in turn leads to increase in operational costs. Hence in order to reduce the operational costs, free cooling with Air side economizer is incorporated, compared to other cooling systems. Airflow Distribution plays an important role in the Thermal management, if the airflow is less in quantity it may lead to unpredictable thermal performance, while too much airflow may cause the server fans to blow-off or damage to the servers. Numerous research and study has been done on the use of louvers as shading devices for residential purposes but the study on Impact of the louver orientation on Air Flow Distribution and Thermal Management is limited. The amount of airflow allowed to pass through louvered window is function of its face velocity. The Air-Flow pattern through the louvered window is determined by the louver orientation. These two factors directed us to do a study on the Impact of the Louvers orientation on the Air Flow Distribution and Thermal Management of Data center. The first half of the thesis will discuss design and modeling of IT equipment's including Power cooling module, Air Plenum, Data centers using commercially available CFD software. It would also segregate there Heat load specifications along with a brief overview of Free Cooling and importance of louvers. The CFD modeling and analysis will include the advantages of using a compact model instead of the detailed model. The second part will discuss effects on the thermal performance and Air Flow Distribution for 0, 15,25,35,45 Degree Louver angle cases. However on comparing the simulation results for different angle cases, we find with the increase in the Louver angle, re-circulations are incurred which in turn affects the Thermal management inside the IT equipment's. The system is optimized comparing different louver angles. The study was done in collaboration with an industrial partner and such of the results have been adopted in various cooling systems.
Author: Kushal A. Aurangabadkar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Nowadays with the increasing use of technology, Traditional data centers are being replaced by the highly efficient Containerized or Modular Data centers. The cooling systems and constructional cost employed for Traditional Data centers is more and inefficient. The research intricate, about 23% of the power is consumed by HVAC cooling units and which in turn leads to increase in operational costs. Hence in order to reduce the operational costs, free cooling with Air side economizer is incorporated, compared to other cooling systems. Airflow Distribution plays an important role in the Thermal management, if the airflow is less in quantity it may lead to unpredictable thermal performance, while too much airflow may cause the server fans to blow-off or damage to the servers. Numerous research and study has been done on the use of louvers as shading devices for residential purposes but the study on Impact of the louver orientation on Air Flow Distribution and Thermal Management is limited. The amount of airflow allowed to pass through louvered window is function of its face velocity. The Air-Flow pattern through the louvered window is determined by the louver orientation. These two factors directed us to do a study on the Impact of the Louvers orientation on the Air Flow Distribution and Thermal Management of Data center. The first half of the thesis will discuss design and modeling of IT equipment's including Power cooling module, Air Plenum, Data centers using commercially available CFD software. It would also segregate there Heat load specifications along with a brief overview of Free Cooling and importance of louvers. The CFD modeling and analysis will include the advantages of using a compact model instead of the detailed model. The second part will discuss effects on the thermal performance and Air Flow Distribution for 0, 15,25,35,45 Degree Louver angle cases. However on comparing the simulation results for different angle cases, we find with the increase in the Louver angle, re-circulations are incurred which in turn affects the Thermal management inside the IT equipment's. The system is optimized comparing different louver angles. The study was done in collaboration with an industrial partner and such of the results have been adopted in various cooling systems.
Author: Yogendra Joshi Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441971246 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 635
Book Description
Energy Efficient Thermal Management of Data Centers examines energy flow in today's data centers. Particular focus is given to the state-of-the-art thermal management and thermal design approaches now being implemented across the multiple length scales involved. The impact of future trends in information technology hardware, and emerging software paradigms such as cloud computing and virtualization, on thermal management are also addressed. The book explores computational and experimental characterization approaches for determining temperature and air flow patterns within data centers. Thermodynamic analyses using the second law to improve energy efficiency are introduced and used in proposing improvements in cooling methodologies. Reduced-order modeling and robust multi-objective design of next generation data centers are discussed.
Author: Srujan Gondipalli Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659797651 Category : Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
The performance of microprocessor and its associated components has significantly increased but unfortunately, heat dissipation from these components is a growing problem. ASHRAE and Uptime Institute have predicted the increasing heat trends and proposed guidelines based on equipment manufacturer's requirements and customer challenges. The major challenge for the customers among others is to maintain servers at an acceptable temperature to achieve desired reliability and functionality. Efficient cooling is mandatory in order to decrease maintenance cost and power usage. Air flow distribution in a raised floor data center is complex and need to be studied for implementing innovative cooling designs that can sustain lower rack inlet temperatures with the use of less amount of cold air supply by utilizing proper management of hot and cold air. This book introduces cold aisle isolation designs to contain the cold air in cold aisle and prevents hot air infiltration. Additional transient analysis are studied as data centers are highly time dependent with fluctuations in server power and cold air supply.
Author: Ashwin Venugopal Siddarth Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 43
Book Description
Modern Information Technology (IT) equipment are typically assumed to operate in quiescent airflow conditions in an uncontained data center facility. In this study, the multi-scaled thermal management strategies are reconsidered at the IT chassis and rack level for a containment system. For an ideal containment configuration of airflow provisioning the entirety of conditioned air provided by the Computer Room Air Conditioning (CRAC) unit would flow through the IT equipment and return back to the CRAC. But in actuality a lack of interfaced airflow distribution exists between the amount of conditioned air provisioned to the rack and the volume capacity ingested by the IT equipment thereby decreasing the efficiency of the overall cooling system. This work evaluates the thermal performance of IT servers when operating in a representative cold aisle containment system. In this study, the impact of positive and negative static pressure differentials between the inlet and exhaust of a representative rack is experimentally studied. The effect of fan proximity in the chassis layout to variations in pressure differentials is assessed. This information can be helpful in optimizing the desired static pressure set points within the room and define coupled internal fan control strategies to achieve the most energy efficient use of cooling resources.
Author: Vaibhav K. Arghode Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319258923 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
The Brief discuss primarily two aspects of air flow management in raised floor data centers. Firstly, cooling air delivery through perforated tiles will be examined and influence of the tile geometry on flow field development and hot air entrainment above perforated tiles will be discussed. Secondly, the use of cold aisle containment to physically separate hot and cold regions, and minimize hot and cold air mixing will be presented. Both experimental investigations and computational efforts are discussed and development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based models for simulating air flow in data centers is included. In addition, metrology tools for facility scale air velocity and temperature measurement, and air flow rate measurement through perforated floor tiles and server racks are examined and the authors present thermodynamics-based models to gauge the effectiveness and importance of air flow management schemes in data centers.
Author: Sui Jiang Si Tu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 142
Book Description
The need of fast and uninterrupted online services and applications in our daily life leads to rapid expansion in both quantity and capacity of data centers to handle these huge amounts of digital information. However, the energy use associated with hundreds of information technology (IT) equipment running 24/7 in data centers creates a huge burden to the global economy and environment. Globally, electricity consumption of data centers accounts for about 238 billion kWh per year which is corresponding to about 1.3% of total global electricity consumption. In a typical data center, about 30-50% of its total energy is dedicated to remove the heat from running the IT equipment all year round. Conventional cooling energy saving strategy is to utilize outdoor air directly to cool the IT equipment when outdoor temperature is lower, which known as direct airside free cooling. However, the main concerns about this approach is the breakdown of IT equipment due to poor outdoor air quality. This could be a limiting factor in certain locations for using the direct free cooling system. Therefore, an indirect free cooling approach is more interested to be used under poor outdoor air environments. In this thesis, an indirect airside free cooling based on thermosiphon loop is proposed and investigated to reduce energy consumption and improve the IT equipment reliability in a novel vertical data center (VDC) which is designed by Vert.com Inc. An energy model was established to evaluate the energy performance of this new proposed design in different selected cities across North America. The energy results show that approximately 41% to 59% of an annual overall HVAC energy are saved with the thermosiphon free cooling system depending on the local climate conditions in comparison to the data center without any free cooling implementations.Analysis of indoor airflow distribution was also conducted in this VDC project because it can help to optimize different design options and enhance cooling efficiency. Unlike other typical data centers that are designed horizontally and occupied a large footprint like warehouses, the proposed data center in this study is designed vertically like a tower with a compact rectangular form. In this thesis, two proposed locations of the indoor thermosiphon heat exchangers were compared and analyzed through CFD simulation. The simulation results indicate that there are many turbulent flows developed inside the building, especially at 90° bends, which can affect the air distribution uniformity and cooling performance through the heat exchanger.
Author: Neha Shigrekar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
Cooling is one of the major cost factors in data centres that accounts for 37% of the total data centre electricity consumption. Demands on cooling systems have increased substantially in recent years, due to increasing server densities. To avoid the overheating of servers, cooling aisles are over provisioned, but little attention is paid to the actual scenario at the server level. Cooling requirements of the servers is calculated on the basis of fan manufacturer's published data for the air flow capacity of the server fan and system impedance data obtained from the server designer put together. Thus, the air flow rate through the system is assumed to be the theoretical air flow rate delivered by the server fans that can overcome the system impedance of the server. The following experimental work analyses the impact of different flow conditions on the volumetric flow rates through the server .Operating points are obtained at various fan duty cycles. The air flow rates through the server at various operating points are quantified in ideal and operational data centre conditions. The study predicts that this data will be useful to quantify the actual air flow rate across the racks and might be useful in controlling the facility parameters that will modulate the airflow distribution and in turn the power consumption due to cooling.
Author: Hwaiyu Geng Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118436636 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 720
Book Description
Provides the fundamentals, technologies, and best practices in designing, constructing and managing mission critical, energy efficient data centers Organizations in need of high-speed connectivity and nonstop systems operations depend upon data centers for a range of deployment solutions. A data center is a facility used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems. It generally includes multiple power sources, redundant data communications connections, environmental controls (e.g., air conditioning, fire suppression) and security devices. With contributions from an international list of experts, The Data Center Handbook instructs readers to: Prepare strategic plan that includes location plan, site selection, roadmap and capacity planning Design and build "green" data centers, with mission critical and energy-efficient infrastructure Apply best practices to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions Apply IT technologies such as cloud and virtualization Manage data centers in order to sustain operations with minimum costs Prepare and practice disaster reovery and business continuity plan The book imparts essential knowledge needed to implement data center design and construction, apply IT technologies, and continually improve data center operations.
Author: Kyle Konis Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319394630 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 282
Book Description
The book explores advanced building-facade daylighting design practices based on diverse energy and human-factor performance metrics. It also defines effective daylighting by rethinking the simplified approach to glazing and facade systems to incorporate the local climate and the needs of building occupants as critical drivers of building performance, design solutions and technological innovation. It discusses state-of-the-art approaches in the context of simulation-based design workflows, innovative technologies and real project case studies, all targeting low and net-zero energy solutions that enhance occupant comfort. Readers benefit from a comprehensive approach that improves the feedback loop between design intent and performance in use. The book is intended for architects, lighting designers, facade engineers, manufacturers and building owners/operators, as well as advanced students.
Author: Kushal A. Aurangabadkar
Author: Kushal A. Aurangabadkar
Author: Yogendra Joshi
Author: Srujan Gondipalli
Author: Ashwin Venugopal Siddarth
Author: Vaibhav K. Arghode
Author: Sui Jiang Si Tu
Author: Neha Shigrekar
Author: 
Author: Hwaiyu Geng
Author: Kyle Konis