Author: Denise BaumgartnerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30
Book Description
Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Droughts in the Peruvian Andes
Author: Denise BaumgartnerClimate Change Impacts on Precipitation in the Peruvian Andes & Implication for Agricultural Drought
Author: Evgenia TsianouResponses of Plants, Pastoralists, and Governments to Social Environmental Changes in the Peruvian Southern Andes
Author: Julio Cesar Postigo MacDowallPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Anthropogenic global changes are altering properties and functions of social and ecological systems at multiple spatial and temporal scales. In addition to climate change, the Peruvian Southern Andes has also experienced dramatic political and social change. This dissertation addresses the responses of plants, humans, communities and sub-national governments to the impacts of these changes. Methods from both the social and natural sciences were used at three levels: 1) on the forelands of the Quelccaya ice cap a chronosequence approach was used and 113 quadrats (1m2) sampled the vegetation covering an altitudinal range from 5113 to 4830 m.a.s.l.; 2) with the households of herders in the Quelcaya community surveys, interviews, participant observation, and archival research were employed; and 3) with the three Regional Governments (Arequipa, Cusco, and Puno) interviews with officials and stakeholders were conducted. The results show an upward displacement of the elevational limit of plants and a trend towards homogenization of vegetation. Warming climate, a shortened rainy season, and longer dry and cold spells are the most relevant impacts of climate change in the study area. Responses to these changes occur within households, supra-household units and communities, through dynamic institutions, traditional knowledge, and flexible polycentric social organization. These responses originate from path dependencies generated by human-environment interactions in the Peruvian Southern Andes. For instance, pastoralists increased livestock mobility within their pastures, created wetlands through irrigation, and introduced agriculture of bitter potatoes. The women agriculturalists modified the productive calendar to adjust agricultural tasks to changes in the rainfall regime; they replaced maize for wheat and fava bean, because these crops are more resistant to cold spells. Agro-pastoralists increase institutional water governance and demand infrastructure to improve efficient water use. Synergies between local and regional adaptive responses to climate change may be led by projects like building irrigation infrastructure and strengthening local resource governance, although there are also disjunctions that limit adaption. Local social ecological systems are adaptive and resilient to multi-scale social environmental disturbances by a malleable forging of former strategies to face change, innovation, polycentric social organization, and a dynamic institutional body that promptly response to change.
Shock Waves
Author: Stephane HallegattePublisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464806748
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 227
Book Description
Ending poverty and stabilizing climate change will be two unprecedented global achievements and two major steps toward sustainable development. But the two objectives cannot be considered in isolation: they need to be jointly tackled through an integrated strategy. This report brings together those two objectives and explores how they can more easily be achieved if considered together. It examines the potential impact of climate change and climate policies on poverty reduction. It also provides guidance on how to create a “win-win†? situation so that climate change policies contribute to poverty reduction and poverty-reduction policies contribute to climate change mitigation and resilience building. The key finding of the report is that climate change represents a significant obstacle to the sustained eradication of poverty, but future impacts on poverty are determined by policy choices: rapid, inclusive, and climate-informed development can prevent most short-term impacts whereas immediate pro-poor, emissions-reduction policies can drastically limit long-term ones.
Empirical-statistical Downscaling
Author: Rasmus E. BenestadPublisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812819126
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 228
Book Description
Empirical-statistical downscaling (ESD) is a method for estimating how local climatic variables are affected by large-scale climatic conditions. ESD has been applied to local climate/weather studies for years, but there are few ? if any ? textbooks on the subject. It is also anticipated that ESD will become more important and commonplace in the future, as anthropogenic global warming proceeds. Thus, a textbook on ESD will be important for next-generation climate scientists.
The Regional Impacts of Climate Change
Author: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II.Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521634557
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 532
Book Description
Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1998.
The Andean glacier and water atlas
Author: Johansen, Kari SynnovePublisher: UNESCO Publishing
ISBN: 9231002864
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 80
Book Description
This Atlas illustrates the significant reduction in glacier mass happening throughout the Andean region. It quantifies the contribution of glaciers to drinking water supplies in cities and to agriculture, hydropower and industries. A reduction in glacier mass results in a long-term reduction in seasonal melt water - which is the mainstay of livelihoods for millions of people.
Integrated Assessment and Adaptation to Climate Change Impacts in the Peruvian Andes
Author: Remote Sensing of Drought
Author: Brian D. WardlowPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439835578
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 487
Book Description
Remote Sensing of Drought: Innovative Monitoring Approaches presents emerging remote sensing-based tools and techniques that can be applied to operational drought monitoring and early warning around the world. The first book to focus on remote sensing and drought monitoring, it brings together a wealth of information that has been scattered throughout the literature and across many disciplines. Featuring contributions by leading scientists, it assembles a cross-section of globally applicable techniques that are currently operational or have potential to be operational in the near future. The book explores a range of applications for monitoring four critical components of the hydrological cycle related to drought: vegetation health, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and groundwater, and precipitation. These applications use remotely sensed optical, thermal, microwave, radar, and gravity data from instruments such as AMSR-E, GOES, GRACE, MERIS, MODIS, and Landsat and implement several advanced modeling and data assimilation techniques. Examples show how to integrate this information into routine drought products. The book also examines the role of satellite remote sensing within traditional drought monitoring, as well as current challenges and future prospects. Improving drought monitoring is becoming increasingly important in addressing a wide range of societal issues, from food security and water scarcity to human health, ecosystem services, and energy production. This unique book surveys innovative remote sensing approaches to provide you with new perspectives on large-area drought monitoring and early warning.
Climate Change Impacts and Water Security in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru
Author: Rachel Elizabeth ChisolmPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 606
Book Description
This dissertation addresses two aspects of climate change impacts on water resources in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range in Ancash, Peru: glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) and water availability. Peru is one of the countries most impacted by climate change, largely due to the abundance of glaciers that play an integral role in the water resources systems of the Peruvian Andes and the coastal region. A warming climate has resulted in the accelerated retreat of many of these glaciers in recent decades. The two greatest impacts of climate change on water security in the Cordillera Blanca are GLOFs and water scarcity during the dry season. This dissertation studies both of these facets of water security in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru. As new glacial lakes emerge and existing lakes continue to grow, they pose an increasing risk of GLOFs that can be catastrophic to the communities living downstream. In this work, particular emphasis is placed on the upper watershed processes that typically comprise a GLOF event. Dynamics of avalanche-generated impulse waves are investigated through three-dimensional hydrodynamic lake simulations of potential GLOF scenarios at Lake Palcacocha, Peru. At Artesonraju Glacier, an emerging lake has recently formed and continues to grow as the glacier retreats. Future lake volumes are projected from ground penetrating radar measurements of ice thickness. With these projections of future lake conditions, possible future hazard conditions are studied at Artesonraju, and a new analytical method is presented for calculating approximate overtopping volumes from avalanche-generated waves. Climate change impacts on water availability have been studied through the analysis of approximately 50 years of precipitation data from a weather station in the Cordillera Blanca. These data have been analyzed for trends and changes in variability in precipitation patterns. As a foundation for climate-resilient development, precipitation trends and changes in variability have been linked to possible impacts on agricultural projects. The results of the precipitation data analysis were compared to studies of local perceptions of climate change, and it was concluded that people’s perceptions of change in precipitation patterns often do not reflect the trends observed in the gauged data.