Author: Janel L. Cosby Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 322
Book Description
The current study explored the impact of short term auditory training (LACE-Degraded) and auditory-cognitive training (LACE 4.0) on speech perceptual and cognitive measures in older adults with mild-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Thirty five participants, ages 60 to 80 years, with symmetrical mild-moderate SNHL completed a preliminary test battery of speech perceptual, cognitive, and self-report measures. The 35 study participants were randomly placed into one of three training groups (LACE 4.0, LACE-Degraded, or Short-Story Listening Training). Participants completed one week of training followed by post-testing. Multivariate Analysis of Variance was used to determine if significant improvements in speech perceptual, cognitive processing, and/or self-reported communication abilities occurred following the different training conditions. In addition, Pearson Product Moment correlation analyses were used to determine associations between experimental measures. No significant differences were found for initial measures of speech perceptual, cognitive processing, or self-report communication abilities; age or hearing loss between the three groups. The main finding was improvement for the LACE 4.0 group with increased performance on some speech perceptual and self-report measures. No strong correlations were found between changes in speech perception and initial measures of cognition or self-report. However, small to moderate significant correlations were found between selected speech perceptual measures, between cognitive processing measures, and between self-report measures. In the current study, tests sharing more common features tended to show significant correlations. Of interest, was a strong significant positive correlation that occurred between the Words in Noise test (speech perceptual measure) and the Time Compressed Speech test (processing speed measure). These two measures shared three out of five common task features and used words from the NU 6 word list. Unlike others studies, the current study focused on auditory and auditory-cognitive training in non-hearing aid users. These types of trainings may be a valid option for non-hearing aid users. Further confirmation of short-term training benefit is important because there is low compliance for completing the traditional longer training programs.
Author: Raymond H. Hull Publisher: Plural Publishing ISBN: 1597566985 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
This is the first book written and published that is dedicated solely to hearing loss in older adulthood and, importantly, the processes involved in serving the special needs of older adults who are hearing impaired. It is a concise book, but provides important information for those entering many fields that have as their intent to serve older adults either as a supplement to other texts on communication disorders in aging, or as a concise primary text.
Author: Jonathan E. Peelle Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889195406 Category : Deafness Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
Efficient auditory processing requires the rapid integration of transient sensory inputs. This is exemplified in human speech perception, in which long stretches of a complex acoustic signal are typically processed accurately and essentially in real-time. Spoken language thus presents listeners’ auditory systems with a considerable challenge even when acoustic input is clear. However, auditory processing ability is frequently compromised due to congenital or acquired hearing loss, or altered through background noise or assistive devices such as cochlear implants. How does loss of sensory fidelity impact neural processing, efficiency, and health? How does this ultimately influence behavior? This Research Topic explores the neural consequences of hearing loss, including basic processing carried out in the auditory periphery, computations in subcortical nuclei and primary auditory cortex, and higher-level cognitive processes such as those involved in human speech perception. By pulling together data from a variety of disciplines and perspectives, we gain a more complete picture of the acute and chronic consequences of hearing loss for neural functioning.
Author: Eric Failes Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic dissertations Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
A consistent finding in the literature (Benichov, Cox, Tun, & Wingfield, 2012; Dubno, Ahlstrom, & Horwitz, 2000; Hutchinson, 1989; Nittrouer & Boothroyd, 1990; Pichora-Fuller, Schneider & Daneman, 1995; Rogers, Jacoby, & Sommers, 2012; Sommers & Danielson, 1999; Wingfield, Aberdeen, & Stine, 1991) is that spoken word identification improves for both older and younger adults following the addition of a meaningful semantic context, but the improvements are typically greater for older adults. However, more recent findings (Jacoby, Rogers, Bishara, & Shimizu, 2012; Rogers, Jacoby, & Sommers, 2012) suggest that, especially under less favorable perceptual conditions, the increased benefits of semantic context for older compared with younger adults may reflect increased reliance on context as a basis for responding, rather than improved ability to use contextual information. This increased reliance on context makes older adults prone to context-based misperceptions -- termed false hearing -- when context is misleading. Although increased reliance on context by older adults has been described as a strategy for "filling in the blanks" caused by age-related declines in hearing acuity, few researchers have investigated the relationship between reliance on context and age-related changes in cognitive abilities. The present study examined the effects of working memory capacity, processing speed, and inhibitory control on veridical and false hearing in older and younger adults. We found that poor inhibitory control was related to increased susceptibility to false hearing among both older and younger adults. For older adults, slower processing speed was also related to increased susceptibility to false hearing, whereas higher working memory capacity and preserved inhibitory control corresponded to more accurate speech perception in the presence of misleading context. We propose that older adults' reliance on context may reflect a change in the relative weights assigned to contextual and sensory information during perception, wherein available contextual cues receive greater weight than sensory information. This reweighing of perceptual information may occur due to a combination of age-related hearing loss, which increases listening effort, and cognitive decline, which limits the resources available for effortful listening.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309092965 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 321
Book Description
Millions of Americans experience some degree of hearing loss. The Social Security Administration (SSA) operates programs that provide cash disability benefits to people with permanent impairments like hearing loss, if they can show that their impairments meet stringent SSA criteria and their earnings are below an SSA threshold. The National Research Council convened an expert committee at the request of the SSA to study the issues related to disability determination for people with hearing loss. This volume is the product of that study. Hearing Loss: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits reviews current knowledge about hearing loss and its measurement and treatment, and provides an evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the current processes and criteria. It recommends changes to strengthen the disability determination process and ensure its reliability and fairness. The book addresses criteria for selection of pure tone and speech tests, guidelines for test administration, testing of hearing in noise, special issues related to testing children, and the difficulty of predicting work capacity from clinical hearing test results. It should be useful to audiologists, otolaryngologists, disability advocates, and others who are concerned with people who have hearing loss.
Author: Janel L. Cosby
Author: Norman P. Erber
Author: James G. Naples
Author: Raymond H. Hull
Author: Qian Wang
Author: Rachel J. Ellis
Author: Jonathan E. Peelle
Author: Eric Failes
Author: Rodolfo Sardone
Author: National Research Council