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Author: David Neal Kerner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Informed consent (Medical law) Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
The application of medical treatments requires informed consent. However, lack of knowledge and information-processing limitations may limit the ability to make informed decisions. Decision aids address these issues, and may increase patients' ability to make informed choices. However, little research has examined decision aid effectiveness. One difficult decision faced by many women is whether to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which is associated with both potential risks and potential benefits. A tool designed to enhance HRT decision making could benefit many women. This paper presents the evaluation of an HRT videotape decision aid. The paper's primary goals are to (1) examine the impact of the decision aid on treatment-relevant knowledge, perceived knowledge, and perceived ability to make an informed choice about HRT; (2) determine the impact of the decision aid on HRT attitude; (3) examine whether the decision aid is perceived as useful; and (4) evaluate the influence of specific decision aid components on these issues. There were three phases to this project. First, several focus groups were convened to gain better understanding of women's knowledge and attitudes about HRT. Next, two pilot studies examined how altering the presentation of HRT-type information affects preference for hypothetical treatments. The third phase involved the evaluation of an HRT decision aid videotape. Female college students (n = 153) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) complete HRT video; (2) HRT video with patient testimonials excluded; (3) HRT video with decision aid data excluded; or (4) a control (non-HRT) video. All subjects completed pre- and post-video questionnaires examining HRT knowledge and attitudes. The HRT video was associated with increases in knowledge, perceived knowledge, and perceived ability to make an informed HRT decision. Actual knowledge and perceived knowledge were not related, and perceived ability was predicted by perceived knowledge rather than actual knowledge. The video was perceived as a useful tool for HRT decision making, although it did not increase positive attitude towards HRT. Results were similar for each version of the video, except that the version without patient testimonials was perceived more negatively. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Author: David Neal Kerner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Informed consent (Medical law) Languages : en Pages : 358
Book Description
The application of medical treatments requires informed consent. However, lack of knowledge and information-processing limitations may limit the ability to make informed decisions. Decision aids address these issues, and may increase patients' ability to make informed choices. However, little research has examined decision aid effectiveness. One difficult decision faced by many women is whether to use hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which is associated with both potential risks and potential benefits. A tool designed to enhance HRT decision making could benefit many women. This paper presents the evaluation of an HRT videotape decision aid. The paper's primary goals are to (1) examine the impact of the decision aid on treatment-relevant knowledge, perceived knowledge, and perceived ability to make an informed choice about HRT; (2) determine the impact of the decision aid on HRT attitude; (3) examine whether the decision aid is perceived as useful; and (4) evaluate the influence of specific decision aid components on these issues. There were three phases to this project. First, several focus groups were convened to gain better understanding of women's knowledge and attitudes about HRT. Next, two pilot studies examined how altering the presentation of HRT-type information affects preference for hypothetical treatments. The third phase involved the evaluation of an HRT decision aid videotape. Female college students (n = 153) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) complete HRT video; (2) HRT video with patient testimonials excluded; (3) HRT video with decision aid data excluded; or (4) a control (non-HRT) video. All subjects completed pre- and post-video questionnaires examining HRT knowledge and attitudes. The HRT video was associated with increases in knowledge, perceived knowledge, and perceived ability to make an informed HRT decision. Actual knowledge and perceived knowledge were not related, and perceived ability was predicted by perceived knowledge rather than actual knowledge. The video was perceived as a useful tool for HRT decision making, although it did not increase positive attitude towards HRT. Results were similar for each version of the video, except that the version without patient testimonials was perceived more negatively. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309388570 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 525
Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.
Author: Oreste Gentilini Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030247627 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
This contributed book covers all aspects concerning the clinical scenario of breast cancer in young women, providing physicians with the latest information on the topic. Young women are a special subset of patients whose care requires dedicated expertise. The book, written and edited by internationally recognized experts who have been directly involved in the international consensus guidelines for breast cancer in young women, pays particular attention to how the disease and its planned treatment can be effectively communicated to young patients. Highly informative and carefully structured, it provides both theoretical and practice-oriented insight for practitioners and professionals involved in the different phases of treatment, from diagnosis to intervention, to follow-up – without neglecting the important role played by prevention.
Author: Paul C. Cozby Publisher: WCB/McGraw-Hill ISBN: Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
For undergradute social science majors. A textbook on the interpretation and use of research. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
Author: David Neal Kerner
Author: David Neal Kerner
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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: James C. Hersey
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Author: Oreste Gentilini
Author: Angela Coulter
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Author: Paul C. Cozby