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Author: Domenico Andreani Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
Recent national, European and international diabetes meetings have seen controversial discussions on the potential benefit and also on ethical aspects of immune intervention in patients with Type 1 diabetes or in persons with a high risk of developing the disease.
Author: Domenico Andreani Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: Category : Health & Fitness Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
Recent national, European and international diabetes meetings have seen controversial discussions on the potential benefit and also on ethical aspects of immune intervention in patients with Type 1 diabetes or in persons with a high risk of developing the disease.
Author: Gregory R. Bock Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470697415 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
This book is a comprehensive and up-to-date account of where we stand in immunological strategies for preventing or treating type 1 diabetes (T1D). Brings together contributions from the leaders in the arena of clinical immunotherapy, not limited to the diabetes field exclusively, in order to delineate a road-map that would lead to future clinical trials. The book integrates information from human and animal studies. The book considers T1D within the broader context of autoimmune disease. The format contains several discussions, which address specific questions and provides guidelines for future strategies and solutions for discovering a cure.
Author: George S. Eisenbarth Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351090348 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 359
Book Description
This important text will be the first devoted to a detailed analysis of immunotherapy as it applies to Type I diabetes and the pathogenesis and therapy of other specific autoimmune diseases (including uveitis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, Cogan's syndrome, Graves' ophthalmopathy, and gonadal disorders).
Author: Khawaja Husnain Haider Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110586916 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
This book is a compilation of the bench experience of leading experts from various research labs involved in the cutting edge area of research. The authors describe the use of stem cells both as part of the combinatorial therapeutic intervention approach and as tools (disease model) during drug development, highlighting the shift from a conventional symptomatic treatment strategy to addressing the root cause of the disease process. The book is a continuum of the previously published book entitled "Stem Cells: from Drug to Drug Discovery" which was published in 2017.
Author: David Wagner Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 9533073624 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 674
Book Description
This book is a compilation of reviews about the pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes. T1D is a classic autoimmune disease. Genetic factors are clearly determinant but cannot explain the rapid, even overwhelming expanse of this disease. Understanding etiology and pathogenesis of this disease is essential. A number of experts in the field have covered a range of topics for consideration that are applicable to researcher and clinician alike. This book provides apt descriptions of cutting edge technologies and applications in the ever going search for treatments and cure for diabetes. Areas including T cell development, innate immune responses, imaging of pancreata, potential viral initiators, etc. are considered.
Author: Terry B. Strom Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell ISBN: 9780632043590 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 672
Book Description
Therapeutic Immunology is a comprehensive review of the clinical application of the drugs, biologic agents, and procedures used to treat immunologic diseases. It is the only reference that provides current information on antibodies, cytokines, gene and cell therapies, vaccines, and other therapeutic approaches in the managament of immune system disorders. This book will show how immunology has come of age as a clinical discipline and is now able to provide treatment strategies for many previously incurable diseases.
Author: Cecilia C. Low Wang Publisher: American Diabetes Association ISBN: 1580406777 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 253
Book Description
Type 1 diabetes, formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is a complex disorder that requires a great deal of patient-guided self-care. In recent years, advances in diabetes treatment have dramatically shifted potential outcomes in the favor of the patient with diabetes. The challenge for health care professionals is to realize this potential through an individualized, flexible, and responsive treatment plan for patients with type 1 diabetes. Now in its seventh edition, Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes offers health care providers the newest information and guidelines for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Built on the foundation of multiple daily insulin injections and insulin pump therapy, this book guides health care providers in helping their patients continually strive for optimal blood glucose control. This new edition focuses on the latest molecular advances, new treatment methods, recent clinical trials, and the American Diabetes Association's Standards of Care. Key topics also include new insulins and administration protocols, advanced carbohydrate counting, and emphasis on continuing patient education. Individual sections address all of the topics in managing type 1 diabetes, including diagnosis and classification/pathogenesis, diabetes standards and education, tools of therapy, special situations, psychosocial factors affecting adherence, quality of life, and well-being and complications. Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes is an essential addition to any clinician's library for the treatment and understanding of type 1 diabetes.
Author: De Block Christophe Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Type 1 diabetes mellitus following anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy K. Clotman, K. Janssens, P. Specenier, I. Weets, C. De Block,Background:Cancer immunotherapy is a successful and fast growing field. Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) and nivolumab (Opdivo) are approved for malignant melanoma and several other cancer types. They are two IgG4 monoclonal antibodies targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor. This receptor is important in maintaining selftolerance and is therapeutically targeted by immune checkpoint inhibiting monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to enhance antitumor immune responses. However, immune checkpoint blockade is associated with a risk for immune-related adverse events (irAE) potentially affecting the endocrine organs. Auto-immune diabetes mellitus and the associated diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) are examples of rare irAEs. Since the use of immunotherapy is expected to increase, the incidence of immune-related adverse events is also expected to rise. Therefore, it is essential that all clinicians are aware of diabetic ketoacidosis as a rare and life-threatening side effect of immunotherapy.AimsTo provide a timely review of all listed cases of anti-PD-1 induced autoimmune diabetes, discuss pathogenetic mechanisms, and propose a screening and management protocol. Methods A literature search was conducted on Pubmed and Web of Science. A search with the following keywords was performed: u2018Diabetes Mellitus'; u2018cancer immunotherapyu2019; 'anti-PD-1 therapy'; u2018pembrolizumabu2019 and u2018nivolumabu2019.ResultsSo far 38 cases of anti-PD1-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus have been reported. The incidence of autoimmune diabetes in patients receiving pembrolizumab monotherapy is 0.2%, and 0.9% in nivolumab monotherapy. However, the incidence increases to 1.5% in nivolumab and ipilimumab combination therapy. Patients presented with variable symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic hyperglycemia, to polyuria and polydipsia to severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Diabetic ketoacidosis was the first sign of diabetes in 25 out of 34 (73.5%) reported cases. Time from initiation of anti-PD1 therapy to diagnosis of diabetes mellitus ranged from 1 week to 52 weeks and this corresponded to 1 to 17 infusions of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The median age at diagnosis was 61 years (range 28-83), an atypical age of onset for type 1 diabetes mellitus. C-peptide was low or undetectable in 28 of 30 tested patients. HbA1c levels varied from 6.4% to 10.7% (46-93 mmol/mol). The low or undetectable c-peptide combined with the moderately low HbA1c levels probably indicate the fulminant onset of diabetes with rapid u03b2-cell destruction and a shorter duration of hyperglycemia. Every patient had to be treated with intensive insulin therapy.Eleven out of 16 tested patients had a high risk HLA type (HLA DR3-DQ2, HLA DR4-DQ8). We hypothesize that patients with high risk HLA types have an increased risk for the development of immune checkpoint inhibitor induced diabetes. There is no clear pattern of diabetes related autoantibodies. Approximately half of the tested cases (19/34 or 55.9%) had detectable diabetes related autoantibodies. In those 19 cases, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) were positive in all subjects, tyrosine phosphatase autoantibodies (IA2A) in 5/19, insulin autoantibodies in 2, ICA in 2 patients, and ZnT8 antibodies in only one subject. Four other cases have been reported, however, without antibody status. The interval between the start of anti-PD-1 antibodies to the onset of autoimmune diabetes might be related to the presence or absence of GADA. The median interval from immunotherapy initiation to diagnosis of diabetes was 4 weeks in GADA positive cases versus 10 weeks in GADA negative cases (data from 32 patients).PD-1 reduction might cause activation of autoreactive T cells resulting in autoimmune responses against pancreatic islet cells. We hypothesize that the presence of diabetes autoantibodies prior to the start of anti-PD1 therapy and certain high risk HLA types, can predispose patients to the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors related autoimmune diabetes.We propose to educate the patients about hyperglycemic symptoms and instruct oncologists to measure glucose at each administration of a checkpoint inhibitor, thereby minimizing long delays in diagnosis and possibly avoiding the development of potentially life threatening diabetic ketoacidosis.DiscussionSince the use of immunotherapy is expected to increase, the incidence of immune-related adverse events is also expected to rise. The incidence of autoimmune diabetes in patients receiving pembrolizumab monotherapy is 0.2%, and 0.9% in nivolumab monotherapy, increasing to 1.5% in nivolumab and ipilimumab combination therapy.Therefore, it is essential that all clinicians are aware of diabetic ketoacidosis as a rare and life-threatening side effect of immunotherapy. Blood glucose monitoring during anti-PD-1 therapy is necessary.
Author: George S. Eisenbarth Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9780306478710 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 364
Book Description
In the field of immunology, type 1 diabetes has become one of the major areas of investigation with studies that span from characterization of key molecules to trials for the prevention of the disease. Type 1 Diabetes : Molecular, Cellular and Clinical Immunology communicates both the background and the most recent understanding of this disorder, which will almost certainly be central to elucidating the etiology of autoimmunity, and in particular of organ specific autoimmunity. The book covers immunogenetics, immunopathogenesis, epidemiology, disease prediction and clinical application of current knowledge. Both scientists seeking to understand and prevent type 1 diabetes/autoimmunity as well as physicians caring for families with type 1 diabetes will be interested in this book.
Author: Domenico Andreani
Author: Domenico Andreani
Author: Gregory R. Bock
Author: George S. Eisenbarth
Author: Khawaja Husnain Haider
Author: David Wagner
Author: Terry B. Strom
Author: Mark A. Sperling
Author: Cecilia C. Low Wang
Author: De Block Christophe
Author: George S. Eisenbarth