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Author: Habib Ammari Publisher: American Mathematical Soc. ISBN: 0821847457 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 209
Book Description
This book contains the proceedings of the research conference, ``Imaging Microstructures: Mathematical and Computational Challenges'', held at the Institut Henri Poincare, on June 18-20, 2008. The problems that appear in imaging microstructures pose significant challenges to our community. The methods involved come from a wide range of areas of pure and applied mathematics. The main purpose of this volume is to review the state-of the-art developments from analytic, numerical, and physics perspectives.
Author: Habib Ammari Publisher: American Mathematical Soc. ISBN: 0821847457 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 209
Book Description
This book contains the proceedings of the research conference, ``Imaging Microstructures: Mathematical and Computational Challenges'', held at the Institut Henri Poincare, on June 18-20, 2008. The problems that appear in imaging microstructures pose significant challenges to our community. The methods involved come from a wide range of areas of pure and applied mathematics. The main purpose of this volume is to review the state-of the-art developments from analytic, numerical, and physics perspectives.
Author: Renée Heilbronner Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783642103421 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Image Analysis in Earth Sciences is a graduate level textbook for researchers and students interested in the quantitative microstructure and texture analysis of earth materials. Methods of analysis and applications are introduced using carefully worked examples. The input images are typically derived from earth materials, acquired at a wide range of scales, through digital photography, light and electron microscopy. The book focuses on image acquisition, pre- and post-processing, on the extraction of objects (segmentation), the analysis of volumes and grain size distributions, on shape fabric analysis (particle and surface fabrics) and the analysis of the frequency domain (FFT and ACF). The last chapters are dedicated to the analysis of crystallographic fabrics and orientation imaging. Throughout the book the free software Image SXM is used.
Author: J. McCall Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461586933 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 344
Book Description
During recent years, people involved in developing new metals and materials for use in some of the rather extreme conditions of stress, temperature, and environment have relied heavily on the microstructural condition of their materials. In fact, many of the newer materials, such as dispersion-strengthened alloys, have been designed almost entirely by first determining the microstruc ture desired and then finding the right combination of composition, heat treatment, and mechanical working that will result in the de sired microstructure. Furthermore, the extremely high reliability required of materials used today, for example, in aerospace and nuclear energy systems, requires close control on the microstruc tural conditions of materials. This is clearly evident from even a cursory examination of recently written specifications for mate rials where rather precise microstructural parameters are stipu lated. Whereas specifications written several years ago may have included microstructural requirements for details such as ASTM grain size or graphite type, today's specifications are beginning to include such things as volume fraction of phases, mean free path of particles, and grain intercept distances. Rather arbitrary terms such as "medium pearlite" have been replaced by requirements such as "interlamella spacing not to exceed 0. 1 micron. " Finally, materials users have become increasingly aware that when a material does fail, the reason for its failure may be found by examining and "reading" its microstructure. The responsibility for a particular microstructure and a resulting failure is a matter of growing importance in current product liability consider ations.
Author: John C. Russ Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420038990 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 395
Book Description
Image Analysis of Food Microstructure offers a condensed guide to the most common procedures and techniques by which quantitative microstructural information about food can be obtained from images. The images are selected from a broad range of food items, including macroscopic images of meat and finished products such as pizza, and the microstructu
Author: Julien Valette Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889458415 Category : Languages : en Pages : 193
Book Description
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) techniques have opened new doors for examining biological tissues in vivo. By combining sensitization to diffusion using magnetic field gradients with a variety of imaging and localization schemes, diffusion-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted MRS allow investigating translational diffusion of endogenous molecules, such as water or metabolites, in biological tissues, most commonly the brain but also other organs such as the prostate. The typical voxel resolution of MRI or MRS is in the millimeter to centimeter range, much lower than the cellular scale. However, as molecules are typically diffusing over just a few µm during the duration of the measurement (the “diffusion time”) and encounter numerous biological membranes at these scales, the average cellular microstructure has a critical influence on the measured diffusion signal. Hence, diffusion-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted MRS are sensitive to tissue microstructure at a scale well below the nominal imaging resolution. However, the connection between diffusion properties and tissue microstructure remains indirect, so any attempt to quantify microstructure will rely on modeling. The goal of this Research Topic was to gather experts in various acquisition and modeling strategies and show how these approaches, despite their own strengths and weaknesses, can yield unique information about cellular microstructure, and sometimes complement each other.
Author: David Brandon Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118681487 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 517
Book Description
Microstructural characterization is usually achieved by allowing some form of probe to interact with a carefully prepared specimen. The most commonly used probes are visible light, X-ray radiation, a high-energy electron beam, or a sharp, flexible needle. These four types of probe form the basis for optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy. Microstructural Characterization of Materials, 2nd Edition is an introduction to the expertise involved in assessing the microstructure of engineering materials and to the experimental methods used for this purpose. Similar to the first edition, this 2nd edition explores the methodology of materials characterization under the three headings of crystal structure, microstructural morphology, and microanalysis. The principal methods of characterization, including diffraction analysis, optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and chemical microanalytical techniques are treated both qualitatively and quantitatively. An additional chapter has been added to the new edition to cover surface probe microscopy, and there are new sections on digital image recording and analysis, orientation imaging microscopy, focused ion-beam instruments, atom-probe microscopy, and 3-D image reconstruction. As well as being fully updated, this second edition also includes revised and expanded examples and exercises, with a solutions manual available at http://develop.wiley.co.uk/microstructural2e/ Microstructural Characterization of Materials, 2nd Edition will appeal to senior undergraduate and graduate students of material science, materials engineering, and materials chemistry, as well as to qualified engineers and more advanced researchers, who will find the book a useful and comprehensive general reference source.
Author: John C Russ Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780367393595 Category : Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
Image Analysis of Food Microstructure offers a condensed guide to the most common procedures and techniques by which quantitative microstructural information about food can be obtained from images. The images are selected from a broad range of food items, including macroscopic images of meat and finished products such as pizza, and the microstructures of cheeses, dough and baked goods, ice cream, fruits and vegetables, emulsions, foams, and gels. The book informs food scientists about the image processing and measurement tools used to characterize a variety of microstructures in foods, using high-quality image techniques to illustrate chemical composition, thermo-mechanical processing, and genetic and structural properties. These different types of images used to measure various aspects of structure include: macroscopic light photography, confocal light microscopy, electron microscopy, atomic force microscope images, magnetic resonance, and computed tomography. Then the text explains how to interpret images to produce data, plot the results in different graphs, and identify trends. Examples using these image analysis techniques show typical results that researchers can expect and recreate. Image Analysis of Food Microstructure summarizes the basic procedures that can be useful in various aspects of food research, from nutraceuticals to cooking and food processing. It presents the processing of images and mathematical principles needed for image analyses in a step-by-step approach to extract key information from the images obtained.
Author: Ganka Zlateva Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420075578 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
A teaching tool intended to complement existing books on the theory of materials science, metallurgy, and electron microscopy, this text focuses on metals and alloys. It visualizes key structural elements common to crystalline materials, including crystal lattice imperfections, along with the principles and steps involved in the microstructure deve
Author: Kaan Orhan Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3030166414 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
This book focuses on applications of micro CT, CBCT and CT in medicine and engineering, comprehensively explaining the basic principles of these techniques in detail, and describing their increasing use in the imaging field. It particularly highlights the scanning procedure, which represents the most crucial step in micro CT, and discusses in detail the reconstruction process and the artifacts related to the scanning processes, as well as the imaging software used in analysis. Written by international experts, the book illustrates the application of micro CT in different areas, such as dentistry, medicine, tissue engineering, aerospace engineering, geology, material engineering, civil engineering and additive manufacturing. Covering different areas of application, the book is of interest not only to specialists in the respective fields, but also to broader audience of professionals working in the fields of imaging and analysis, as well as to students of the different disciplines.
Author: Habib Ammari
Author: Habib Ammari
Author: Renée Heilbronner
Author: J. McCall
Author: John C. Russ
Author: Julien Valette
Author: David Brandon
Author: John C Russ
Author: Hans Eckart Exner
Author: Ganka Zlateva
Author: Kaan Orhan