Author: Andréane ChénierPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : University of Ottawa theses
Languages : en
Pages : 178
Book Description
IL-23 and IL-27 Expression in Dendritic Cells and the Effects of HIV-1
Author: Andréane ChénierPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : University of Ottawa theses
Languages : en
Pages : 178
Book Description
IL-23 and IL-27 Expression in Dendritic Cells and the Effects of HIV-1
Author: Andréane ChénierPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cytokines
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The Effects of HIV on the Regulation of IL-12 Family Cytokines, IL-12, IL-23, and IL-27 Production in Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages
Author: Shifawn O'HaraPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cytokines
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
IL-12 family cytokines IL-23 and IL-27 play an important role linking innate and adaptive immunity, and regulating T-cell responses. The production of IL-12, a structurally similar cytokine, is decreased in chronic HIV infection; therefore IL-23 and IL-27 may also be influenced by HIV infection. I hypothesized that HIV inhibits LPS-induced IL-23 and IL-27 production in human MDMs by suppressing the activation of signalling pathways regulating their expression. In vitro HIV-infection of MDMs did not have any effect on basal secretion of IL-23 or IL-27; however, HIV inhibited LPS-induced production of IL-12/23 p40 and IL-23 p19, and IL-27 EBI3 and IL-27 p28 mRNA expression, and IL-23, IL-12/23 p40 and IL-27 secretion. In order to evaluate the molecular mechanisms by which HIV inhibits IL-23 and IL-27 in LPS-stimulated MDMs, the signalling pathways regulating their expression were evaluated. The PI3K, p38 MAPK, and JNK MAPK pathways were found to positively regulate LPS-induced IL-27 secretion. Interestingly, in vitro HIV infection inhibited LPS-induced p38 and JNK MAPK activation in MDMs. In summary, I have shown that HIV inhibits IL-23 and IL-27 production in LPS-stimulated MDMs and that HIV may inhibit LPS-induced IL-27 production through the inhibition of p38 and JNK MAPK activation. It is currently unknown whether PKCs regulate LPS-induced IL-23 or IL-27 in human monocytes/macrophages. I demonstrated that classical PKCs differentially regulate LPS-induced IL-23 and IL-27 secretion within THP-1 cells, primary monocytes, and MDMs. Classical PKCs were found to positively regulate LPS-induced IL-12/23 p40 and IL-27 p28 mRNA expression and IL-12/23 p40, IL-23, and IL-27 secretion in primary human monocytes. Similarly, the classical PKCs were found to positively regulate IL-27 p28 mRNA expression and IL-27 secretion in THP-1 cells. However, classical PKCs did not regulate LPS-induced IL-27 production in MDMs, or LPS-induced IL-23 production in THP-1 cells. Overall, this demonstrates that classical PKCs differentially regulate LPS-induced IL-23 and IL-27 production in different myeloid cells.
The Effects of HIV on the Regulation of IL-12 Family Cytokines, IL-12, IL-23, and IL-27 Production in Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages
Author: Shifawn O'HaraPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cytokines
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
IL-12 family cytokines IL-23 and IL-27 play an important role linking innate and adaptive immunity, and regulating T-cell responses. The production of IL-12, a structurally similar cytokine, is decreased in chronic HIV infection; therefore IL-23 and IL-27 may also be influenced by HIV infection. I hypothesized that HIV inhibits LPS-induced IL-23 and IL-27 production in human MDMs by suppressing the activation of signalling pathways regulating their expression. In vitro HIV-infection of MDMs did not have any effect on basal secretion of IL-23 or IL-27; however, HIV inhibited LPS-induced production of IL-12/23 p40 and IL-23 p19, and IL-27 EBI3 and IL-27 p28 mRNA expression, and IL-23, IL-12/23 p40 and IL-27 secretion. In order to evaluate the molecular mechanisms by which HIV inhibits IL-23 and IL-27 in LPS-stimulated MDMs, the signalling pathways regulating their expression were evaluated. The PI3K, p38 MAPK, and JNK MAPK pathways were found to positively regulate LPS-induced IL-27 secretion. Interestingly, in vitro HIV infection inhibited LPS-induced p38 and JNK MAPK activation in MDMs. In summary, I have shown that HIV inhibits IL-23 and IL-27 production in LPS-stimulated MDMs and that HIV may inhibit LPS-induced IL-27 production through the inhibition of p38 and JNK MAPK activation. It is currently unknown whether PKCs regulate LPS-induced IL-23 or IL-27 in human monocytes/macrophages. I demonstrated that classical PKCs differentially regulate LPS-induced IL-23 and IL-27 secretion within THP-1 cells, primary monocytes, and MDMs. Classical PKCs were found to positively regulate LPS-induced IL-12/23 p40 and IL-27 p28 mRNA expression and IL-12/23 p40, IL-23, and IL-27 secretion in primary human monocytes. Similarly, the classical PKCs were found to positively regulate IL-27 p28 mRNA expression and IL-27 secretion in THP-1 cells. However, classical PKCs did not regulate LPS-induced IL-27 production in MDMs, or LPS-induced IL-23 production in THP-1 cells. Overall, this demonstrates that classical PKCs differentially regulate LPS-induced IL-23 and IL-27 production in different myeloid cells.
Regulation of IL-12 Family Cytokines in Normal and HIV-1-infected Human Monocytic Cells
Author: Ali Akbar Rahim RahimiPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : University of Ottawa theses
Languages : en
Pages : 448
Book Description
Molecular Mechanism Involved in HIV-Tat Mediated Inhibition of LPS-Induced IL-23 and IL-27 Production in Human Macrophages
Author: Niranjala GajanayakaIL-27 Induces IFM/STAT1-Dependent Genes and Enhances Function of TIGIT+ HIVgag-Specific T Cells
Author: Jie ChengPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Immunology
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
HIV-specific T cells have diminished effector function and fail to control/eliminate the virus. IL-27, a member of the IL-6/IL-12 cytokine superfamily has been shown to inhibit HIV replication. However, whether or not IL-27 can enhance HIV-specific T cell function is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of IL-27 signaling in human T cells by evaluating the global transcriptional changes and its impact in the function of HIV-specific T cells. We found that T cells from people living with HIV (PLWH), expressed higher levels of STAT1 leading to enhanced STAT1 activation upon IL-27 stimulation than healthy controls. Observed IL-27 induced transcriptional changes were associated with IFN/STAT1-dependent pathways in CD4 and CD8 T cells. In addition, IL-27 enhanced perforin and CD107a production suggest its potential role in T cell cytotoxicity. Importantly, IL-27 dependent modulation of T-bet expression promoted IFN-gamma secretion by TIGIT+HIVGag-specific T cells. Moreover, we showed the anti-HIV property of IL-27 in cells isolated from HIV-suppressed PLWH with in vitro HIV reactivation. This new immunomodulatory effect of IL-27 on HIV-specific T cell function and its anti-HIV properties suggest the potential therapeutic use of IL-27 in cure strategies.
Moderate to Severe Psoriasis, Fourth Edition
Author: John Y. M. KooPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1482215160
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 422
Book Description
Written by experts in the dermatology field, this new fourth edition of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis discusses the current use of biologics and other pharmacologic and phototherapy treatments for moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Illustrated with high quality color figures, this standalone text emphasizes safe and effective treatments for the psoriasis patient that are perfect for the dermatologist in daily practice. New to this edition are chapters on day treatment programs, new agents, erythrodermic and pustular psoriasis, special populations, and pharmacogenetics.
The Cytokines of the Immune System
Author: Zlatko DembicPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0124200109
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 323
Book Description
The Cytokines of the Immune System catalogs cytokines and links them to physiology and pathology, providing a welcome and hugely timely tool for scientists in all related fields. In cataloguing cytokines, it lists their potential for therapeutic use, links them to disease treatments needing further research and development, and shows their utility for learning about the immune system. This book offers a new approach in the study of cytokines by combining detailed guidebook-style cytokine description, disease linking, and presentation of immunologic roles. Supplies new ideas for basic and clinical research Provides cytokine descriptions in a guidebook-style, cataloging the origins, structures, functions, receptors, disease-linkage, and therapeutic potentials Offers a textbook-style view on the immune system with the immunologic role of each cytokine
Immunopathogenesis of HIV Infection
Author: Anthony S. FauciPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642608671
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 159
Book Description
During the last 5 years, major advances have been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease and in the development of new potent antiviral agents. With regard to HIV pathogenesis, several recent observations have not only changed our perspectives of HIV disease, but have been critical for the design of therapeutic strategies.