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Author: Kayleigh Beaudry Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this study was to identify if dietary intake and eating habits change in students during first-year university and how these changes influence anthropometrics and body composition. 301 students (n=71 males, n=230 females) completed food frequency and dietary habits questionnaires. Anthropometry and body composition were measured at the beginning and end of first-year university. Both males and females gained body weight (p
Author: Kayleigh Beaudry Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this study was to identify if dietary intake and eating habits change in students during first-year university and how these changes influence anthropometrics and body composition. 301 students (n=71 males, n=230 females) completed food frequency and dietary habits questionnaires. Anthropometry and body composition were measured at the beginning and end of first-year university. Both males and females gained body weight (p
Author: Shai Olansky Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Background: The transition to university life is a critical time of change, often accompanied by the adoption of negative lifestyle habits, including an unhealthy diet and a decrease in physical activity. Lifestyle changes during university may result in a positive energy balance and a decrease in diet quality, which can lead to weight gain, a percent body fat in the overweight/obesity range, and increased cardiometabolic disease risk over time. The purpose of the current study was to investigate changes in body mass and composition from 1st to 4th year among university students, and to assess whether changes in physical activity and dietary intake were related to observed changes in body mass and composition. Methods: Thirty-eight participants completed food frequency and activity questionnaires and had their body mass measured and body composition assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. These measurements were obtained at the beginning (fall) and end (spring) of 1st year and the end (spring) of 4th year. Results: During the 1st year, body mass and percent fat increased by 3.2 kg and 2.1%, respectively (P
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309039940 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 765
Book Description
Diet and Health examines the many complex issues concerning diet and its role in increasing or decreasing the risk of chronic disease. It proposes dietary recommendations for reducing the risk of the major diseases and causes of death today: atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (including heart attack and stroke), cancer, high blood pressure, obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and dental caries.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309089964 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 277
Book Description
The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.
Author: Jillian Blong Publisher: ISBN: Category : College freshmen Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Significance: The obesity rate continues to rise in the United States. It has been reported that college students tend to practice poor dietary behaviors and experience significant weight gain during the first two years of enrollment (Brown, O'Connor & Savaiano, 2014). Establishing healthy dietary behaviors during this specific time frame may prevent excess weight gain and reduce the risk of long-term obesity related complications. Purpose/Aim: Nutrition education has been found to increase awareness of healthy food choices and positively influence self-reported dietary behavioral changes in the college population (Peterson, Duncan, Null, Roth & Gill, 2010). The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of educational messages that promote intake of healthy food items versus messages that discourage intake of unhealthy food items on food selection and body weight in first year college students. Methods: The 9-month study will recruit and randomly assign 90 subjects. Thirty participants in Group A will be educated biweekly via email on healthy food behaviors to adopt. Thirty participants in Group B will be educated biweekly via email on unhealthy food behaviors to eliminate. Thirty participants in the control group will not receive any nutrition education messages. The educational component will be generated from the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2015-2020 using the recommendations for creating a shift toward healthy eating behaviors. Pre-and post-intervention height and weight measurements and food frequency data will be obtained from all participants. Expected Results/Interpretation: The food frequency questionnaires will gather data about nutrient-dense and calorie-dense food selection. A weight trend will be collected during the 9-month intervention. The impact of different nutrition education approaches will be analyzed and compared. Conclusion/Implications: The results may help determine if different nutrition education messages influence dietary behaviors and weight status in first year college students.
Author: Moshe Phillip Publisher: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers ISBN: 3318070432 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
Adequate nutrition is crucial for normal child growth and it is important, yet challenging, to define the best nutrition for healthy and active children as well as for those who suffer from acute or chronic disease, considering the varying needs of different age groups. As in past issues, in the present volume of the Nutrition and Growth Yearbook, leading international specialists in nutrition and growth have selected the most interesting studies from peer-reviewed journals published between July 2020 and June 2021, and offer their comments on these manuscripts. This publication provides a significant contribution to the interaction between nutrition and growth as a major issue for growing children, their parents, and the medical teams taking care of them throughout the neonatal period, infancy, childhood, and adolescence.
Author: Claude Bouchard Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 352
Book Description
The fact that about 30-40% of the adults in the Western world are overweight or obese testifies to the frequency of the disturbances in body weight regulation. Scientists have established that caloric intake, macronutrient composition of the diet, basal and resting metabolic rate, thermic response to food, energy expenditure associated with movement and physical activity, and preferential storage of the surplus of calories as fat or lean tissues are critical determinants of energy balance and body weight. While much has been learned, the field is poised for major advances with the advent of a variety of imaging techniques, progress in quantitative and molecular genetics, use of transgenic rodent models and of breeding experiments with informative inbred strains, availability of stable isotopes for metabolic and behavioral studies, and a growing number of useful experimental animal and human models. This volume takes an integrative approach to obesity. It is structured around four major topics: (1) the animal and human models currently available for the study of body weight regulation with their strengths and limitations, (2) the molecular and genetic basis of the regulation of body weight, (3) the metabolic and physiological mechanisms involved, and (4) the behavioral and social determinants. The 13 background papers provide a critical overview of the present knowledge base while the group reports summarize the extensive deliberations of 38 international experts. Particular emphasis has been given to promising research areas and on the advances needed to ensure a better understanding of the biological and behavioral mechanisms of the regulation of body weight, with a particular emphasis on overweight and obesity.
Author: Kayleigh Beaudry
Author: Kayleigh Beaudry
Author: Shai Olansky
Author: National Research Council
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Zumin Shi
Author: Jillian Blong
Author: Food and Nutrition Information Center (U.S.)
Author: Moshe Phillip
Author: Clare Helen Machtig
Author: Claude Bouchard