Author: Herbert Stokes
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780820313832
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 173
Book Description
"I slipped into the world while my mother was on her knees scrubbing the floor." So begins inauspiciously on July 18, 1879, the life--and the unfinished autobiography--of Rose Pastor Stokes. An East European Jewish immigrant, Stokes became a member of the American Socialist party, a founding member of the American Communist party, and such an outspoken critic of U.S. policies that she was convicted of seditious activities during World War I. Indeed, Stokes was one of the most deeply committed American radicals in the first decades of this century. In a lengthy introduction the editors provide a detailed outline of Stokes's life. As a young girl living in the slums of Cleveland, she helped support her family with earnings from her job at a cigar factory. There, Stokes came in contact for the first time with socialism and the hope of a better and more equitable world. Eventually leaving the cigar factory for a job in New York at the Jewish Daily News, she met and married James Graham Phelps Stokes, an outspoken Socialist and a member of a wealthy, aristocratic New York family. Never comfortable with wealth and position, however, Rose remained loyal to her class and dedicated to workers' causes. Although the marriage lasted nearly twenty years, she became increasingly radical as her husband gradually returned to the safety of conventional politics. Stokes helped organize labor strikes in New York, distributed birth control information to the poor, spoke widely on behalf of the Socialist party, and worked in general to expunge what she perceived as the evils of capitalism. Late in her life, when fighting cancer, she attempted to write an autobiography that she hoped would give final meaning to her life's work for "a world in which there will be no unemployment, hunger, insecurity, or war." The manuscript was never completed, however, and has never before been published. The work conveys Stokes's intense, passionate personality, commitment to principles, and fierce dedication to the working class. Viewing a vital era of American social history through Stokes's individual experience, the reader is offered a vivid firsthand perspective of the movements for social change that galvanized the American labor force in the early twentieth century.
I Belong to the Working Class
Author: Herbert Stokes
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780820313832
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 173
Book Description
"I slipped into the world while my mother was on her knees scrubbing the floor." So begins inauspiciously on July 18, 1879, the life--and the unfinished autobiography--of Rose Pastor Stokes. An East European Jewish immigrant, Stokes became a member of the American Socialist party, a founding member of the American Communist party, and such an outspoken critic of U.S. policies that she was convicted of seditious activities during World War I. Indeed, Stokes was one of the most deeply committed American radicals in the first decades of this century. In a lengthy introduction the editors provide a detailed outline of Stokes's life. As a young girl living in the slums of Cleveland, she helped support her family with earnings from her job at a cigar factory. There, Stokes came in contact for the first time with socialism and the hope of a better and more equitable world. Eventually leaving the cigar factory for a job in New York at the Jewish Daily News, she met and married James Graham Phelps Stokes, an outspoken Socialist and a member of a wealthy, aristocratic New York family. Never comfortable with wealth and position, however, Rose remained loyal to her class and dedicated to workers' causes. Although the marriage lasted nearly twenty years, she became increasingly radical as her husband gradually returned to the safety of conventional politics. Stokes helped organize labor strikes in New York, distributed birth control information to the poor, spoke widely on behalf of the Socialist party, and worked in general to expunge what she perceived as the evils of capitalism. Late in her life, when fighting cancer, she attempted to write an autobiography that she hoped would give final meaning to her life's work for "a world in which there will be no unemployment, hunger, insecurity, or war." The manuscript was never completed, however, and has never before been published. The work conveys Stokes's intense, passionate personality, commitment to principles, and fierce dedication to the working class. Viewing a vital era of American social history through Stokes's individual experience, the reader is offered a vivid firsthand perspective of the movements for social change that galvanized the American labor force in the early twentieth century.
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780820313832
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 173
Book Description
"I slipped into the world while my mother was on her knees scrubbing the floor." So begins inauspiciously on July 18, 1879, the life--and the unfinished autobiography--of Rose Pastor Stokes. An East European Jewish immigrant, Stokes became a member of the American Socialist party, a founding member of the American Communist party, and such an outspoken critic of U.S. policies that she was convicted of seditious activities during World War I. Indeed, Stokes was one of the most deeply committed American radicals in the first decades of this century. In a lengthy introduction the editors provide a detailed outline of Stokes's life. As a young girl living in the slums of Cleveland, she helped support her family with earnings from her job at a cigar factory. There, Stokes came in contact for the first time with socialism and the hope of a better and more equitable world. Eventually leaving the cigar factory for a job in New York at the Jewish Daily News, she met and married James Graham Phelps Stokes, an outspoken Socialist and a member of a wealthy, aristocratic New York family. Never comfortable with wealth and position, however, Rose remained loyal to her class and dedicated to workers' causes. Although the marriage lasted nearly twenty years, she became increasingly radical as her husband gradually returned to the safety of conventional politics. Stokes helped organize labor strikes in New York, distributed birth control information to the poor, spoke widely on behalf of the Socialist party, and worked in general to expunge what she perceived as the evils of capitalism. Late in her life, when fighting cancer, she attempted to write an autobiography that she hoped would give final meaning to her life's work for "a world in which there will be no unemployment, hunger, insecurity, or war." The manuscript was never completed, however, and has never before been published. The work conveys Stokes's intense, passionate personality, commitment to principles, and fierce dedication to the working class. Viewing a vital era of American social history through Stokes's individual experience, the reader is offered a vivid firsthand perspective of the movements for social change that galvanized the American labor force in the early twentieth century.
White Working Class
Author: Joan C. Williams
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
ISBN: 1633693791
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 151
Book Description
"I recommend a book by Professor Williams, it is really worth a read, it's called White Working Class." -- Vice President Joe Biden on Pod Save America An Amazon Best Business and Leadership book of 2017 Around the world, populist movements are gaining traction among the white working class. Meanwhile, members of the professional elite—journalists, managers, and establishment politicians--are on the outside looking in, left to argue over the reasons. In White Working Class, Joan C. Williams, described as having "something approaching rock star status" by the New York Times, explains why so much of the elite's analysis of the white working class is misguided, rooted in class cluelessness. Williams explains that many people have conflated "working class" with "poor"--but the working class is, in fact, the elusive, purportedly disappearing middle class. They often resent the poor and the professionals alike. But they don't resent the truly rich, nor are they particularly bothered by income inequality. Their dream is not to join the upper middle class, with its different culture, but to stay true to their own values in their own communities--just with more money. While white working-class motivations are often dismissed as racist or xenophobic, Williams shows that they have their own class consciousness. White Working Class is a blunt, bracing narrative that sketches a nuanced portrait of millions of people who have proven to be a potent political force. For anyone stunned by the rise of populist, nationalist movements, wondering why so many would seemingly vote against their own economic interests, or simply feeling like a stranger in their own country, White Working Class will be a convincing primer on how to connect with a crucial set of workers--and voters.
Publisher: Harvard Business Press
ISBN: 1633693791
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 151
Book Description
"I recommend a book by Professor Williams, it is really worth a read, it's called White Working Class." -- Vice President Joe Biden on Pod Save America An Amazon Best Business and Leadership book of 2017 Around the world, populist movements are gaining traction among the white working class. Meanwhile, members of the professional elite—journalists, managers, and establishment politicians--are on the outside looking in, left to argue over the reasons. In White Working Class, Joan C. Williams, described as having "something approaching rock star status" by the New York Times, explains why so much of the elite's analysis of the white working class is misguided, rooted in class cluelessness. Williams explains that many people have conflated "working class" with "poor"--but the working class is, in fact, the elusive, purportedly disappearing middle class. They often resent the poor and the professionals alike. But they don't resent the truly rich, nor are they particularly bothered by income inequality. Their dream is not to join the upper middle class, with its different culture, but to stay true to their own values in their own communities--just with more money. While white working-class motivations are often dismissed as racist or xenophobic, Williams shows that they have their own class consciousness. White Working Class is a blunt, bracing narrative that sketches a nuanced portrait of millions of people who have proven to be a potent political force. For anyone stunned by the rise of populist, nationalist movements, wondering why so many would seemingly vote against their own economic interests, or simply feeling like a stranger in their own country, White Working Class will be a convincing primer on how to connect with a crucial set of workers--and voters.
Labor's Mind
Author: Tobias Higbie
Publisher: University of Illinois Press
ISBN: 0252051092
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 338
Book Description
Business leaders, conservative ideologues, and even some radicals of the early twentieth century dismissed working people's intellect as stunted, twisted, or altogether missing. They compared workers toiling in America's sprawling factories to animals, children, and robots. Working people regularly defied these expectations, cultivating the knowledge of experience and embracing a vibrant subculture of self-education and reading. Labor's Mind uses diaries and personal correspondence, labor college records, and a range of print and visual media to recover this social history of the working-class mind. As Higbie shows, networks of working-class learners and their middle-class allies formed nothing less than a shadow labor movement. Dispersed across the industrial landscape, this movement helped bridge conflicts within radical and progressive politics even as it trained workers for the transformative new unionism of the 1930s. Revelatory and sympathetic, Labor's Mind reclaims a forgotten chapter in working-class intellectual life while mapping present-day possibilities for labor, higher education, and digitally enabled self-study.
Publisher: University of Illinois Press
ISBN: 0252051092
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 338
Book Description
Business leaders, conservative ideologues, and even some radicals of the early twentieth century dismissed working people's intellect as stunted, twisted, or altogether missing. They compared workers toiling in America's sprawling factories to animals, children, and robots. Working people regularly defied these expectations, cultivating the knowledge of experience and embracing a vibrant subculture of self-education and reading. Labor's Mind uses diaries and personal correspondence, labor college records, and a range of print and visual media to recover this social history of the working-class mind. As Higbie shows, networks of working-class learners and their middle-class allies formed nothing less than a shadow labor movement. Dispersed across the industrial landscape, this movement helped bridge conflicts within radical and progressive politics even as it trained workers for the transformative new unionism of the 1930s. Revelatory and sympathetic, Labor's Mind reclaims a forgotten chapter in working-class intellectual life while mapping present-day possibilities for labor, higher education, and digitally enabled self-study.
Despised
Author: Paul Embery
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1509540008
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 83
Book Description
The typical contemporary Labour MP is almost certain to be a university-educated Europhile who is more comfortable in the leafy enclaves of north London than the party’s historic heartlands. As a result, Labour has become radically out of step with the culture and values of working-class Britain. Drawing on his background as a firefighter and trade unionist from Dagenham, Paul Embery argues that this disconnect has been inevitable since the Left political establishment swallowed a poisonous brew of economic and social liberalism. They have come to despise traditional working-class values of patriotism, family and faith and instead embraced globalisation, rapid demographic change and a toxic, divisive brand of identity politics. Embery contends that the Left can only revive if it speaks once again to the priorities of working-class people by combining socialist economics with the cultural politics of belonging, place and community. No one who wants to really understand why our politics has become so dysfunctional and what the Left can do to fix it can afford to miss this authentic, insightful and passionate book.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1509540008
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 83
Book Description
The typical contemporary Labour MP is almost certain to be a university-educated Europhile who is more comfortable in the leafy enclaves of north London than the party’s historic heartlands. As a result, Labour has become radically out of step with the culture and values of working-class Britain. Drawing on his background as a firefighter and trade unionist from Dagenham, Paul Embery argues that this disconnect has been inevitable since the Left political establishment swallowed a poisonous brew of economic and social liberalism. They have come to despise traditional working-class values of patriotism, family and faith and instead embraced globalisation, rapid demographic change and a toxic, divisive brand of identity politics. Embery contends that the Left can only revive if it speaks once again to the priorities of working-class people by combining socialist economics with the cultural politics of belonging, place and community. No one who wants to really understand why our politics has become so dysfunctional and what the Left can do to fix it can afford to miss this authentic, insightful and passionate book.
Common People
Author: Kit de Waal
Publisher: Unbound Publishing
ISBN: 1783527471
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Book Description
Working-class stories are not always tales of the underprivileged and dispossessed. Common People is a collection of essays, poems and memoir written in celebration, not apology: these are narratives rich in barbed humour, reflecting the depth and texture of working-class life, the joy and sorrow, the solidarity and the differences, the everyday wisdom and poetry of the woman at the bus stop, the waiter, the hairdresser. Here, Kit de Waal brings together thirty-three established and emerging writers who invite you to experience the world through their eyes, their voices loud and clear as they reclaim and redefine what it means to be working class. Features original pieces from Damian Barr, Malorie Blackman, Lisa Blower, Jill Dawson, Louise Doughty, Stuart Maconie, Chris McCrudden, Lisa McInerney, Paul McVeigh, Daljit Nagra, Dave O’Brien, Cathy Rentzenbrink, Anita Sethi, Tony Walsh, Alex Wheatle and more.
Publisher: Unbound Publishing
ISBN: 1783527471
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 278
Book Description
Working-class stories are not always tales of the underprivileged and dispossessed. Common People is a collection of essays, poems and memoir written in celebration, not apology: these are narratives rich in barbed humour, reflecting the depth and texture of working-class life, the joy and sorrow, the solidarity and the differences, the everyday wisdom and poetry of the woman at the bus stop, the waiter, the hairdresser. Here, Kit de Waal brings together thirty-three established and emerging writers who invite you to experience the world through their eyes, their voices loud and clear as they reclaim and redefine what it means to be working class. Features original pieces from Damian Barr, Malorie Blackman, Lisa Blower, Jill Dawson, Louise Doughty, Stuart Maconie, Chris McCrudden, Lisa McInerney, Paul McVeigh, Daljit Nagra, Dave O’Brien, Cathy Rentzenbrink, Anita Sethi, Tony Walsh, Alex Wheatle and more.
Can the Working Class Change the World?
Author: Michael D. Yates
Publisher: NYU Press
ISBN: 1583677127
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 166
Book Description
An analysis of how the working class can mobilize as a force for change in the present day One of the horrors of the capitalist system is that slave labor, which was central to the formation and growth of capitalism itself, is still fully able to coexist alongside wage labor. But, as Karl Marx points out, it is the fact of being paid for one's work that validates capitalism as a viable socio-economic structure. Beneath this veil of “free commerce” – where workers are paid only for a portion of their workday, and buyers and sellers in the marketplace face each other as “equals” – lies a foundation of immense inequality. Yet workers have always rebelled. They've organized unions, struck, picketed, boycotted, formed political organizations and parties – sometimes they have actually won and improved their lives. But, Marx argued, because capitalism is the apotheosis of class society, it must be the last class society: it must, therefore, be destroyed. And only the working class, said Marx, is capable of creating that change. In his timely and innovative book, Michael D. Yates asks if the working class can, indeed, change the world. Deftly factoring in such contemporary elements as sharp changes in the rise of identity politics and the nature of work, itself, Yates asks if there can, in fact, be a thing called the working class? If so, how might it overcome inherent divisions of gender, race, ethnicity, religion, location – to become a cohesive and radical force for change? Forcefully and without illusions, Yates supports his arguments with relevant, clearly explained data, historical examples, and his own personal experiences. This book is a sophisticated and prescient understanding of the working class, and what all of us might do to change the world.
Publisher: NYU Press
ISBN: 1583677127
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 166
Book Description
An analysis of how the working class can mobilize as a force for change in the present day One of the horrors of the capitalist system is that slave labor, which was central to the formation and growth of capitalism itself, is still fully able to coexist alongside wage labor. But, as Karl Marx points out, it is the fact of being paid for one's work that validates capitalism as a viable socio-economic structure. Beneath this veil of “free commerce” – where workers are paid only for a portion of their workday, and buyers and sellers in the marketplace face each other as “equals” – lies a foundation of immense inequality. Yet workers have always rebelled. They've organized unions, struck, picketed, boycotted, formed political organizations and parties – sometimes they have actually won and improved their lives. But, Marx argued, because capitalism is the apotheosis of class society, it must be the last class society: it must, therefore, be destroyed. And only the working class, said Marx, is capable of creating that change. In his timely and innovative book, Michael D. Yates asks if the working class can, indeed, change the world. Deftly factoring in such contemporary elements as sharp changes in the rise of identity politics and the nature of work, itself, Yates asks if there can, in fact, be a thing called the working class? If so, how might it overcome inherent divisions of gender, race, ethnicity, religion, location – to become a cohesive and radical force for change? Forcefully and without illusions, Yates supports his arguments with relevant, clearly explained data, historical examples, and his own personal experiences. This book is a sophisticated and prescient understanding of the working class, and what all of us might do to change the world.
Without a Net
Author: Michelle Tea
Publisher: Seal Press
ISBN: 1580056679
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
Book Description
An urgent testament to the trials of life for women living without a financial safety net Indie icon Michelle Tea -- whose memoir The Chelsea Whistle details her own working-class roots in gritty Chelsea, Massachusetts -- shares these fierce, honest, tender essays written by women who can't go home to the suburbs when ends don't meet. When jobs are scarce and the money has dwindled, these writers have nowhere to go but below the poverty line. The writers offer their different stories not for sympathy or sadness, but an unvarnished portrait of how it was, is, and will be for generations of women growing up working class in America. These wide-ranging essays cover everything from selling blood for grocery money to the culture shock of "jumping" class. Contributors include Dorothy Allison, Bee Lavender, Eileen Myles, and Daisy Hernáez.
Publisher: Seal Press
ISBN: 1580056679
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 210
Book Description
An urgent testament to the trials of life for women living without a financial safety net Indie icon Michelle Tea -- whose memoir The Chelsea Whistle details her own working-class roots in gritty Chelsea, Massachusetts -- shares these fierce, honest, tender essays written by women who can't go home to the suburbs when ends don't meet. When jobs are scarce and the money has dwindled, these writers have nowhere to go but below the poverty line. The writers offer their different stories not for sympathy or sadness, but an unvarnished portrait of how it was, is, and will be for generations of women growing up working class in America. These wide-ranging essays cover everything from selling blood for grocery money to the culture shock of "jumping" class. Contributors include Dorothy Allison, Bee Lavender, Eileen Myles, and Daisy Hernáez.
New Working-Class Studies
Author: John Russo
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501718576
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 291
Book Description
"We put the working class, in all its varieties, at the center of our work. The new working-class studies is not only about the labor movement, or about workers of any particular kind, or workers in any particular place—even in the workplace. Instead, we ask questions about how class works for people at work, at home, and in the community. We explore how class both unites and divides working-class people, which highlights the importance of understanding how class shapes and is shaped by race, gender, ethnicity, and place. We reflect on the common interests as well as the divisions between the most commonly imagined version of the working class—industrial, blue-collar workers—and workers in the 'new economy' whose work and personal lives seem, at first glance, to place them solidly in the middle class."—from the Introduction In John Russo and Sherry Lee Linkon's book, contributors trace the origins of the new working-class studies, explore how it is being developed both within and across fields, and identify key themes and issues. Historians, economists, geographers, sociologists, and scholars of literature and cultural studies introduce many and varied aspects of this emerging field. Throughout, they consider how the study of working-class life transforms traditional disciplines and stress the importance of popular and artistic representations of working-class life.
Publisher: Cornell University Press
ISBN: 1501718576
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 291
Book Description
"We put the working class, in all its varieties, at the center of our work. The new working-class studies is not only about the labor movement, or about workers of any particular kind, or workers in any particular place—even in the workplace. Instead, we ask questions about how class works for people at work, at home, and in the community. We explore how class both unites and divides working-class people, which highlights the importance of understanding how class shapes and is shaped by race, gender, ethnicity, and place. We reflect on the common interests as well as the divisions between the most commonly imagined version of the working class—industrial, blue-collar workers—and workers in the 'new economy' whose work and personal lives seem, at first glance, to place them solidly in the middle class."—from the Introduction In John Russo and Sherry Lee Linkon's book, contributors trace the origins of the new working-class studies, explore how it is being developed both within and across fields, and identify key themes and issues. Historians, economists, geographers, sociologists, and scholars of literature and cultural studies introduce many and varied aspects of this emerging field. Throughout, they consider how the study of working-class life transforms traditional disciplines and stress the importance of popular and artistic representations of working-class life.
Working Class Inclusion
Author: Tiffany D. Barnes
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009349821
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
Latin American legislators, like legislators worldwide, are drawn from a narrow set of elites who are largely out of touch with average citizens. Despite comprising the vast majority of the labor force, working-class people represent a small slice of the legislature. Working Class Inclusion examines how the near exclusion of working-class citizens from legislatures affects citizens' evaluations of government. Combining surveys from across Latin America with novel data on legislators' class backgrounds and experiments from Argentina and Mexico, the book demonstrates voters want more workers in office, and when combined with policy representation, the presence of working-class legislators improves citizens' evaluations of government. Absent policy representation, however, workers are met with distrust and backlash. Chapters show citizens have many opportunities to learn about the presence, or absence, of workers; and the relationship between working-class representation and evaluations of government is strongest among citizens who are aware of legislators' class status.
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1009349821
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
Book Description
Latin American legislators, like legislators worldwide, are drawn from a narrow set of elites who are largely out of touch with average citizens. Despite comprising the vast majority of the labor force, working-class people represent a small slice of the legislature. Working Class Inclusion examines how the near exclusion of working-class citizens from legislatures affects citizens' evaluations of government. Combining surveys from across Latin America with novel data on legislators' class backgrounds and experiments from Argentina and Mexico, the book demonstrates voters want more workers in office, and when combined with policy representation, the presence of working-class legislators improves citizens' evaluations of government. Absent policy representation, however, workers are met with distrust and backlash. Chapters show citizens have many opportunities to learn about the presence, or absence, of workers; and the relationship between working-class representation and evaluations of government is strongest among citizens who are aware of legislators' class status.
The New Politics of Class
Author: Geoffrey Evans
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198755759
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 252
Book Description
This book explores the new politics of class in 21st century Britain. It shows how the changing shape of the class structure since 1945 has led political parties to change, which has both reduced class voting and increased class non-voting. This argument is developed in three stages. The first is to show that there has been enormous social continuity in class divisions. The authors demonstrate this using extensive evidence on class and educational inequality, perceptions of inequality, identity and awareness, and political attitudes over more than fifty years. The second stage is to show that there has been enormous political change in response to changing class sizes. Party policies, politicians' rhetoric, and the social composition of political elites have radically altered. Parties offer similar policies, appeal less to specific classes, and are populated by people from more similar backgrounds. Simultaneously the mass media have stopped talking about the politics of class. The third stage is to show that these political changes have had three major consequences. First, as Labour and the Conservatives became more similar, class differences in party preferences disappeared. Second, new parties, most notably UKIP, have taken working class voters from the mainstream parties. Third, and most importantly, the lack of choice offered by the mainstream parties has led to a huge increase in class-based abstention from voting. Working class people have become much less likely to vote. In that sense, Britain appears to have followed the US down a path of working class political exclusion, ultimately undermining the representativeness of our democracy. They conclude with a discussion of the Brexit referendum and the role that working class alienation played in its historic outcome.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198755759
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 252
Book Description
This book explores the new politics of class in 21st century Britain. It shows how the changing shape of the class structure since 1945 has led political parties to change, which has both reduced class voting and increased class non-voting. This argument is developed in three stages. The first is to show that there has been enormous social continuity in class divisions. The authors demonstrate this using extensive evidence on class and educational inequality, perceptions of inequality, identity and awareness, and political attitudes over more than fifty years. The second stage is to show that there has been enormous political change in response to changing class sizes. Party policies, politicians' rhetoric, and the social composition of political elites have radically altered. Parties offer similar policies, appeal less to specific classes, and are populated by people from more similar backgrounds. Simultaneously the mass media have stopped talking about the politics of class. The third stage is to show that these political changes have had three major consequences. First, as Labour and the Conservatives became more similar, class differences in party preferences disappeared. Second, new parties, most notably UKIP, have taken working class voters from the mainstream parties. Third, and most importantly, the lack of choice offered by the mainstream parties has led to a huge increase in class-based abstention from voting. Working class people have become much less likely to vote. In that sense, Britain appears to have followed the US down a path of working class political exclusion, ultimately undermining the representativeness of our democracy. They conclude with a discussion of the Brexit referendum and the role that working class alienation played in its historic outcome.