Hyperpolarized Helium-3 Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Human Lungs PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Hyperpolarized Helium-3 Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Human Lungs PDF full book. Access full book title Hyperpolarized Helium-3 Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Human Lungs by Chengbo Wang. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Chengbo Wang Publisher: VDM Publishing ISBN: 9783836463669 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 188
Book Description
COPD and asthma have significant morbidity and mortality. Hyperpolarized (HP) 3He Diffusion MRI has been used to assess lung diseases. The results correlated well with histology, but the diffusion time for previous methods is limited to the order of milliseconds under 1.5 T. New MR methods were developed to measure HP 3He diffusion over the long-time scale (LTS: diffusion time on the order of seconds) in human lungs and were used to investigate COPD and asthma. The basic equations were developed, numerical simulation was performed, and measurements were made in phantoms. Measurements in healthy subjects confirmed that 3He diffusion still strongly depended on the diffusion time in LTS and the ADC decreased significantly. Reproducibility, anisotropy and dependence on parameters were characterized. Experiments in patients with COPD suggested that LTS diffusion was more sensitive to early COPD changes than short-time-scale diffusion. Measurements in patients with severe asthma revealed large regional elevations in LTS ADC maps while the changes in STS were smaller. And there was a good correlation between LTS ADC maps and areas of low-density "air-trapping" seen by CT.
Author: Chengbo Wang Publisher: VDM Publishing ISBN: 9783836463669 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 188
Book Description
COPD and asthma have significant morbidity and mortality. Hyperpolarized (HP) 3He Diffusion MRI has been used to assess lung diseases. The results correlated well with histology, but the diffusion time for previous methods is limited to the order of milliseconds under 1.5 T. New MR methods were developed to measure HP 3He diffusion over the long-time scale (LTS: diffusion time on the order of seconds) in human lungs and were used to investigate COPD and asthma. The basic equations were developed, numerical simulation was performed, and measurements were made in phantoms. Measurements in healthy subjects confirmed that 3He diffusion still strongly depended on the diffusion time in LTS and the ADC decreased significantly. Reproducibility, anisotropy and dependence on parameters were characterized. Experiments in patients with COPD suggested that LTS diffusion was more sensitive to early COPD changes than short-time-scale diffusion. Measurements in patients with severe asthma revealed large regional elevations in LTS ADC maps while the changes in STS were smaller. And there was a good correlation between LTS ADC maps and areas of low-density "air-trapping" seen by CT.
Author: Mitchell S. Albert Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128037040 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 334
Book Description
Hyperpolarized and Inert Gas MRI: Theory and Applications in Research and Medicine is the first comprehensive volume published on HP gas MRI. Since the 1990's, when HP gas MRI was invented by Dr. Albert and his colleagues, the HP gas MRI field has grown dramatically. The technique has proven to be a useful tool for diagnosis, disease staging, and therapy evaluation for obstructive lung diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. HP gas MRI has also been developed for functional imaging of the brain and is presently being developed for molecular imaging, including molecules associated with lung cancer, breast cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Taking into account the ongoing growth of this field and the potential for future clinical applications, the book pulls together the most relevant and cutting-edge research available in HP gas MRI into one resource. - Presents the most comprehensive, relevant, and accurate information on HP gas MRI - Co-edited by the co-inventor of HP gas MRI, Dr. Albert, with chapter authors who are the leading experts in their respective sub-disciplines - Serves as a foundation of understanding of HP gas MRI for researchers and clinicians involved in research, technology development, and clinical use with HP gas MRI - Covers all hyperpolarized gases, including helium, the gas with which the majority of HP gas MRI has been conducted
Author: Hans-Ulrich Kauczor Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319426176 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 519
Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive overview of how to use MRI for the imaging of lung disease. Special emphasis is placed on routine applications and the clinical impact of MRI in each setting. In addition, current technological developments are reviewed and information presented on dedicated applications of MRI in preclinical and translational research, clinical trials, and specialized institutions. During the past two decades, significant advances in the technology have enabled MRI to enter and mature in the clinical arena of chest imaging. Standard protocols are now readily available on MR scanners, and MRI is recommended as the first- or second-line imaging modality for a variety of lung diseases, not limited to cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer. The benefits and added value of MRI originate from its ability to both visualize lung structure and provide information on different aspects of lung function, such as perfusion, respiratory motion, ventilation, and gas exchange. On this basis, novel quantitative surrogates for lung function and therapy control (imaging biomarkers) are generated. The second edition of MRI of the Lung has been fully updated to take account of recent advances. It is written by an internationally balanced team of renowned authors representing all major groups in the field.
Author: Roberta Santarelli Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
According to the American Lung Association, for the last few years, lung diseases have become the third most common cause of death worldwide after cardiovascular disease and tumors, and it is expected to rise up the ranking position in the next ten years. Lung diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and interstitial fibrosis affect millions of people worldwide, killing thousands of them every year while new cases are reported. Today, there is no early diagnosis of these pulmonary diseases. They effectively manifest by a modification of the viscoelastic properties of the lung parenchyma which cannot be detected by usual techniques that are applied to other organs. X-ray computer tomography and surgical lung biopsy can state the disease. However, it is not yet possible to predict its progression, to determine the optimal length of the therapy, or to explore the administration of other agents potentially less toxic than those used nowadays. Causes and mechanisms of the disease, associated genetic factors are not determined yet. The social and medical issues are huge. The viscoelastic properties of lung tissue play a key role in the basic function of the organ. They could be very sensitive pulmonary biomarkers as they depend on the tissue structure, the biological conditions, and they are dramatically altered by most lung diseases like cancer, emphysema, asthma, or interstitial fibrosis. However, current auscultation and tactual explorations fail to regionally probe them in vivo.In this PhD work, a new modality was developed to regionally measure the viscoelastic properties of the lung parenchyma in order to detect, quantify, and classify diseases that modify them. This new imaging approach, hyperpolarized helium-3 Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE), benefit from the innocuity and the sensitivity of the technique as well as from the huge hyperpolarized helium-3 signal in the lung. First, the technique was validated on preserved pig lung phantoms. On the one hand, the assumptions of gas confinement and gas content independence that support quantitative helium-3 MRE were assessed. On the other hand, the sensitivity of the technique was challenged with respect to lung inflation and gravity dependence. Second, original means of mechanical excitation were developed and MR acquisition protocols were optimized to perform helium-3 MRE in vivo. First measurements of shear wave propagation were achieved in both rat and human lungs. Resulting shear elasticity agrees fairly well with stiffness values found ex vivo by alternative measurement techniques. This work opens up promising insights into lung pathophysiology in vivo.
Author: Kyle A. Hill Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma affect mil- lions of people worldwide, and the World Health Organization predicts this trend will continue in upcoming decades. Many of these lung diseases are regionally heteroge- neous and may not be easily detected at early stages by pulmonary function tests. Lung imaging techniques are better suited for regional assessment of the extent and severity of disease. Most lung imaging modalities suffer from poor SNR, limited spatial resolution, and significant exposure to ionizing radiation. Hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI, how- ever, is a new technique which can detect a range of functional measures including regional ventilation and pulmonary microstructural changes. The technique is safe, is noninvasive and reproducible, and does not require ionizing radiation. This thesis used hyperpolarized helium-3 MRI to compare, for the first time, the sensitivities of the helium-3 apparent diffusion coefficient and T*2 in rat lungs at 0.5 T and 1.5 T. At 0.5 T, ADC measurements detected changes induced in the lung microstructure with p
Author: Phillip M. Boiselle Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000654621 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 325
Book Description
New Techniques in Cardiothoracic Imaging emphasizes emerging methods in computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron-emission tomography, and similar technology. Effective use of these tools can facilitate the identification, analysis, and treatment of diseases and disorders commonly encountered in daily clinical practice. The contribu
Author: Ramachandran Ramani Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 019029776X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
Functional MRI: Basic Principles and Emerging Clinical Applications provides an overview of the basic principles of fMRI for clinicians with minimal knowledge of the imaging technique and its research potential and clinical applications. The text is divided into two parts, with Section I covering the primary signal measured in fMRI (BOLD), the correlation between neuronal activity and the BOLD signal, and how the data is analyzed and interpreted in fMRI. Section II explores applications of fMRI in cognitive neuroscience and common psychiatric disorders, surgical planning in neurosurgery, anesthesia and the intensive care unit, and more. Timely and highly accessible, this book is a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians interested in understanding what fMRI is, how it works, and its applications.
Author: Chengbo Wang
Author: Chengbo Wang
Author: Mitchell S. Albert
Author: Chengbo Wang
Author: Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
Author: Marius Ovidiu Mada
Author: Roberta Santarelli
Author: Adelaide Zhang
Author: Kyle A. Hill
Author: Phillip M. Boiselle
Author: Ramachandran Ramani