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Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309173051 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 74
Book Description
The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) petitioned the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on April 23, 1997, to prohibit the use of animals in the production of mAb. On September 18, 1997, NIH declined to prohibit the use of mice in mAb production, stating that "the ascites method of mAb production is scientifically appropriate for some research projects and cannot be replaced." On March 26, 1998, AAVS submitted a second petition, stating that "NIH failed to provide valid scientific reasons for not supporting a proposed ban." The office of the NIH director asked the National Research Council to conduct a study of methods of producing mAb. In response to that request, the Research Council appointed the Committee on Methods of Producing Monoclonal Antibodies, to act on behalf of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Commission on Life Sciences, to conduct the study. The 11 expert members of the committee had extensive experience in biomedical research, laboratory animal medicine, animal welfare, pain research, and patient advocacy (Appendix B). The committee was asked to determine whether there was a scientific necessity for the mouse ascites method; if so, whether the method caused pain or distress; and, if so, what could be done to minimize the pain or distress. The committee was also asked to comment on available in vitro methods; to suggest what acceptable scientific rationale, if any, there was for using the mouse ascites method; and to identify regulatory requirements for the continued use of the mouse ascites method. The committee held an open data-gathering meeting during which its members summarized data bearing on those questions. A 1-day workshop (Appendix A) was attended by 34 participants, 14 of whom made formal presentations. A second meeting was held to finalize the report. The present report was written on the basis of information in the literature and information presented at the meeting and the workshop.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309173051 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 74
Book Description
The American Anti-Vivisection Society (AAVS) petitioned the National Institutes of Health (NIH) on April 23, 1997, to prohibit the use of animals in the production of mAb. On September 18, 1997, NIH declined to prohibit the use of mice in mAb production, stating that "the ascites method of mAb production is scientifically appropriate for some research projects and cannot be replaced." On March 26, 1998, AAVS submitted a second petition, stating that "NIH failed to provide valid scientific reasons for not supporting a proposed ban." The office of the NIH director asked the National Research Council to conduct a study of methods of producing mAb. In response to that request, the Research Council appointed the Committee on Methods of Producing Monoclonal Antibodies, to act on behalf of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research of the Commission on Life Sciences, to conduct the study. The 11 expert members of the committee had extensive experience in biomedical research, laboratory animal medicine, animal welfare, pain research, and patient advocacy (Appendix B). The committee was asked to determine whether there was a scientific necessity for the mouse ascites method; if so, whether the method caused pain or distress; and, if so, what could be done to minimize the pain or distress. The committee was also asked to comment on available in vitro methods; to suggest what acceptable scientific rationale, if any, there was for using the mouse ascites method; and to identify regulatory requirements for the continued use of the mouse ascites method. The committee held an open data-gathering meeting during which its members summarized data bearing on those questions. A 1-day workshop (Appendix A) was attended by 34 participants, 14 of whom made formal presentations. A second meeting was held to finalize the report. The present report was written on the basis of information in the literature and information presented at the meeting and the workshop.
Author: Kenneth C. McCullough Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9780521103114 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This volume provides a complete description of the principles, methodologies and applications of monoclonal antibodies, one of the most exciting developments to occur in biotechnology in recent years, and a powerful technology for modern industry and science. The immune system and the role of the antibody are described and full details are given on how the hybridomas are formed, isolated, and maintained in culture such that the required antibody can be produced to a high degree of purity. The authors describe all the methodologies involved, all the reagents and solutions and all the assay conditions required for their production. The material is presented to enable research and development managers to make choices as to which are the most suitable techniques for their requirements. The book is comprehensively referenced, and will be a necessary resource for all those who are involved with this technology.
Author: William R Strohl Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1908818093 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 697
Book Description
The field of antibody engineering has become a vital and integral part of making new, improved next generation therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, of which there are currently more than 300 in clinical trials across several therapeutic areas. Therapeutic antibody engineering examines all aspects of engineering monoclonal antibodies and analyses the effect that various genetic engineering approaches will have on future candidates. Chapters in the first part of the book provide an introduction to monoclonal antibodies, their discovery and development and the fundamental technologies used in their production. Following chapters cover a number of specific issues relating to different aspects of antibody engineering, including variable chain engineering, targets and mechanisms of action, classes of antibody and the use of antibody fragments, among many other topics. The last part of the book examines development issues, the interaction of human IgGs with non-human systems, and cell line development, before a conclusion looking at future issues affecting the field of therapeutic antibody engineering. - Goes beyond the standard engineering issues covered by most books and delves into structure-function relationships - Integration of knowledge across all areas of antibody engineering, development, and marketing - Discusses how current and future genetic engineering of cell lines will pave the way for much higher productivity
Author: Mohamed Al-Rubeai Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9048122457 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 259
Book Description
Mammalian cell lines command an effective monopoly for the production of therapeutic proteins that require post-translational modifications. This unique advantage outweighs the costs associated with mammalian cell culture, which are far grater in terms of development time and manufacturing when compared to microbial culture. The development of cell lines has undergone several advances over the years, essentially to meet the requirement to cut the time and costs associated with using such a complex hosts as production platforms. This book provides a comprehensive guide to the methodology involved in the development of cell lines and the cell engineering approach that can be employed to enhance productivity, improve cell function, glycosylation and secretion and control apoptosis. It presents an overall picture of the current topics central to expression engineering including such topics as epigenetics and the use of technologies to overcome positional dependent inactivation, the use of promoter and enhancer sequences for expression of various transgenes, site directed engineering of defined chromosomal sites, and examination of the role of eukaryotic nucleus as the controller of expression of genes that are introduced for production of a desired product. It includes a review of selection methods for high producers and an application developed by a major biopharmaceutical industry to expedite the cell line development process. The potential of cell engineering approch to enhance cell lines through the manipulation of single genes that play important roles in key metabolic and regulatory pathways is also explored throughout.
Author: Gabriele Proetzel Publisher: Humana Press ISBN: 9781617799303 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 325
Book Description
The rapidly growing field of antibody research is the result of many advancing technologies allowing current developments to take advantage of molecular engineering to create tailor-made antibodies. Antibody Methods and Protocols attempts to provide insight into the generation of antibodies using in vitro and in vivo approaches, as well as technical aspects for screening, analysis, and modification of antibodies and antibody fragments. The detailed volume is focused on basic protocols for isolating antibodies and, at the same time, it selects a range of specific areas with the aim of providing guides for the overall process of antibody isolation and characterization as well as protocols for enhancing classical antibodies and antibody fragments. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easy to use, Antibody Methods and Protocols provides a broad and useful background to support ongoing efforts by novices and experts alike and encourages the development of new imaginative approaches to this vital area of study.
Author: Robert Hnasko Publisher: Humana ISBN: 9781493927418 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This volume is a practical biochemical guide to the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), used to detect a target substance in a liquid sample. The ELISA is an important and widely used diagnostic tool in medicine, animal health, botany and quality assurance processes in food and beverage production. An introductory chapter orients the reader on the basic structure and function of immunoglobulins and their fragments while subsequent chapters outline the methodology to generate monoclonal antibodies using hybridoma technology and the general methods used to purify antibodies. Multiple chapters demonstrate how to creatively use the properties of the antibody to identify, localize and quantify target analytes to answer questions and resolve problems. The reader will learn how to use a variety of immunoassay strategies, reporters and detection systems that will undoubtedly facilitate their efforts to gain answers to their own questions. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, ELISA: Methods and Protocols seeks to provide both professionals and novices with the technical information necessary for the reader to successfully use the immunoassay as part of the discovery process.
Author: Maher Albitar Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1597453234 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 472
Book Description
This book examines a collection of state-of-the-art methods that employ monoclonal antibodies in a clinical setting. The chapters offer in-depth description for generating mouse and recombinant humanized antibodies, and a comprehensive review of how antibodies are being used in bead-based methods for measuring proteins. This field will continue to expand and provide new and innovative techniques in the laboratory and as a basis that complements targeted therapy.
Author: Dirk Saerens Publisher: Humana Press ISBN: 9781617799679 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 580
Book Description
The development of the hybridoma technology created the possibility to obtain unlimited amounts of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with high specificity and affinity for any target and to introduce mAbs in a wide range of applications; however, the bulky size of mAbs, costly production, and cumbersome engineering hampered regularly their streamlined development in some applications. In Single Domain Antibodies: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers examine single variable domain antibody fragments, referred to as VH, VL, VHH or VNAR. These fragments are the smallest intact antigen-binding fragments that can be produced recombinantly at low cost. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Author: Thomas L. James Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 528
Book Description
This volume and its companion, Volume 339, supplement Volumes 176, 177, 239, and 261. Chapters are written with a "hands-on" perspective. That is, practical applications with critical evaluations of methodologies and experimental considerations needed to design, execute, and interpret NMR experiments pertinent to biological molecules.
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: Kenneth C. McCullough
Author: William R Strohl
Author: Mohamed Al-Rubeai
Author: Gabriele Proetzel
Author: Robert Hnasko
Author: Maher Albitar
Author: Timothy Springer
Author: Dirk Saerens
Author: Thomas L. James