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Author: Ruixuan Ryan Yu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Total protein synthesis allows the preparation of proteins with chemically diverse modifications. The numerous advantages of total synthesis are sometimes offset by some major limitations. Protein synthesis is a non-trivial task involving many chemical steps, and these steps increase with the size of the protein. Therefore, larger proteins are difficult to synthesize with high yield. We have developed a strategy which we term hybrid-phase native chemical ligation (NCL) to overcome some of the limitations of size and yield. Hybrid-phase NCL combines ligating peptides on a solid support (solid-phase NCL) and in solution (solution-phase NCL) to maximize synthetic yield. We have successfully used this method to synthesize triple-acetylated histone H4-K5ac,K12ac,K91ac and, for the first time, acetylated centromeric histone CENP-A-K124ac (CpA-K124ac). In order to improve the yield of CENP-A total synthesis, we have incorporated a convergent ligation element in our hybrid-phase strategy. This new approach reduced the number of purification steps, leading to a synthetic yield that was almost triple that of the original approach. Finally, we introduce the convergent solid-phase hybrid NCL approach that allows the preparation of a long peptide segment bearing a masked thioester on a solid support. Through a newly developed resin-anchoring strategy, cleavage of the product from solid-phase generated a ligation-compatible segment that could be used directly with no purification. This method has the potential to synthesize large proteins in good yield, effectively overcoming the size and yield limits of protein total synthesis.
Author: Ruixuan Ryan Yu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Total protein synthesis allows the preparation of proteins with chemically diverse modifications. The numerous advantages of total synthesis are sometimes offset by some major limitations. Protein synthesis is a non-trivial task involving many chemical steps, and these steps increase with the size of the protein. Therefore, larger proteins are difficult to synthesize with high yield. We have developed a strategy which we term hybrid-phase native chemical ligation (NCL) to overcome some of the limitations of size and yield. Hybrid-phase NCL combines ligating peptides on a solid support (solid-phase NCL) and in solution (solution-phase NCL) to maximize synthetic yield. We have successfully used this method to synthesize triple-acetylated histone H4-K5ac,K12ac,K91ac and, for the first time, acetylated centromeric histone CENP-A-K124ac (CpA-K124ac). In order to improve the yield of CENP-A total synthesis, we have incorporated a convergent ligation element in our hybrid-phase strategy. This new approach reduced the number of purification steps, leading to a synthetic yield that was almost triple that of the original approach. Finally, we introduce the convergent solid-phase hybrid NCL approach that allows the preparation of a long peptide segment bearing a masked thioester on a solid support. Through a newly developed resin-anchoring strategy, cleavage of the product from solid-phase generated a ligation-compatible segment that could be used directly with no purification. This method has the potential to synthesize large proteins in good yield, effectively overcoming the size and yield limits of protein total synthesis.
Author: Xiaoyu Zhang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Histones Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Histone proteins are a series of post-translational modification (PTM) heavy proteins. Total protein chemical synthesis possesses advantages in preparation of these protein samples containing specific PTM(s). However, the synthetic yield is always one of the biggest limitation of total protein chemical synthesis, especially when preparing large protein sample. Our lab had developed a synthetic strategy to total synthesize the H3 variant, Centromeric protein A (Cenp- A). Even though the synthesis was successful, the overall synthetic yield still did not fulfil our expectation. Here, we have developed a new convergent hybrid-phase synthetic strategy combined with direct histone octamer refolding and applied on the total synthesis of Cenp-A. This new strategy could maximally utilize the advantage of solid-phase native chemical ligation and avoid the any solution-phase purification steps which turned out to be the main reason of causing yield loss during the synthesis. This new synthetic strategy holds potential of greatly improving the synthetic yield of Cenp-A and being applied on the total synthesis of other large proteins.
Author: Luca D. D'Andrea Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119044138 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 558
Book Description
Presenting a wide array of information on chemical ligation – one of the more powerful tools for protein and peptide synthesis – this book helps readers understand key methodologies and applications that protein therapeutic synthesis, drug discovery, and molecular imaging. • Moves from fundamental to applied aspects, so that novice readers can follow the entire book and apply these reactions in the lab • Presents a wide array of information on chemical ligation reactions, otherwise scattered across the literature, into one source • Features comprehensive and multidisciplinary coverage that goes from basics to advanced topics • Helps researchers choose the right chemical ligation technique for their needs
Author: Ziyong Hong (Ph. D. in chemistry) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Proteins Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Chemical protein synthesis has proven to be an important tool for investigation of protein structure and function, but application to large proteins remains a major challenge. Here we develop convergent hybrid phase native chemical ligation (CHP-NCL) as a new method for practical preparation of large proteins from multiple small, synthetically accessible peptide segments. This strategy combines the best features of ligation on the solid phase, to obtain reactive peptide “blocks” approximately 100 residues in length from several short peptide segments, and concepts from convergent ligation, which bring these blocks together for further ligation steps in solution phase. The parallel preparation of each block greatly improves the efficiency and overall yield of protein synthesis. We further carefully investigate the possible side reactions observed in the use of various derivatives of 3,4-aminobenzoic acid (Dbz), an enabling chemical functional group for this strategy, and provide guidance for the selection and use of appropriate variants in the preparation of activated peptide N-acylureas and thioesters. We demonstrate the feasibility of our CHP-NCL strategy on the synthesis of the 212-residue linker histone H1.2, with several combinations of post-translational modifications (PTMs) including citrullination, phosphorylation, and acetylation at sites that are hypothesized to play important roles in the regulation of chromatin structure and dynamics. We provide preliminary biochemical and biophysical characterization of the effect of these modifications on the interaction of H1.2 with nucleosomes. We anticipate that this new approach will find wide applications in the preparation of large proteins and facilitate the understanding of protein structure and function.
Author: Paul Lloyd-Williams Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780849391422 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
Organic chemists working on the synthesis of natural products have long found a special challenge in the preparation of peptides and proteins. However, more reliable, more efficient synthetic preparation methods have been developed in recent years. This reference evaluates the most important synthesis methods available today, and also considers methods that show promise for future applications. This text describes the state of the art in efficient synthetic methods for the synthesis of both natural and artificial large peptide and protein molecules. Subjects include an introduction to basic topics, linear solid-phase synthesis of peptides, peptide synthesis in solution, convergent solid-phase synthesis, methods for the synthesis of branched peptides, formation of disulfide bridges, and more. The book emphasizes strategies and tactics that must be considered for the successful synthesis of peptides.
Author: Ashraf Brik Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527346600 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 626
Book Description
How to synthesize native and modified proteins in the test tube With contributions from a panel of experts representing a range of disciplines, Total Chemical Synthesis of Proteins presents a carefully curated collection of synthetic approaches and strategies for the total synthesis of native and modified proteins. Comprehensive in scope, this important reference explores the three main chemoselective ligation methods for assembling unprotected peptide segments, including native chemical ligation (NCL). It includes information on synthetic strategies for the complex polypeptides that constitute glycoproteins, sulfoproteins, and membrane proteins, as well as their characterization. In addition, important areas of application for total protein synthesis are detailed, such as protein crystallography, protein engineering, and biomedical research. The authors also discuss the synthetic challenges that remain to be addressed. This unmatched resource: Contains valuable insights from the pioneers in the field of chemical protein synthesis Presents proven synthetic approaches for a range of protein families Explores key applications of precisely controlled protein synthesis, including novel diagnostics and therapeutics Written for organic chemists, biochemists, biotechnologists, and molecular biologists, Total Chemical Synthesis of Proteins provides key knowledge for everyone venturing into the burgeoning field of protein design and synthetic biology.
Author: Gregg B. Fields Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 828
Book Description
The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for more than forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volumehas been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. More than 275 volumes have been published (all of them still in print) and much of the material is relevant even today-truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. Key Features * Solid-phase peptide synthesis * Applications of peptides for structural and biological studies * Characterization of synthetic peptides
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128007974 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 404
Book Description
Advances in Botanical Research publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences. Currently in its 76th volume, the series features several reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. Publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences Contains commentary by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology, and ecology This volume features reviews of the fast moving field of plant cyclotides
Author: W. Chan Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0199637245 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 371
Book Description
Since the publication of Atherton and Sheppard's volume, the technique of Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis has matured considerably and is now the standard approach for the routine production of peptides. The focus of this new volume is much broader, and covers the essential procedures.
Author: Ved Srivastava Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry ISBN: 1788014332 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 572
Book Description
Peptide therapy has become a key strategy in innovative drug development, however, one of the potential barriers for the development of novel peptide drugs in the clinic is their deficiencies in clearly defined chemistry, manufacturing and controls (CMC) strategy from clinical development to commercialization. CMC can often become a rate-limiting step due to lack of knowledge and lack of a formal policy or guidelines on CMC for peptide-based drugs. Regulators use a risk-based approach, reviewing applications on a case-by-case basis. Peptide Therapeutics: Strategy and Tactics for Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls covers efficient manufacturing of peptide drug substances, a review of the process for submitting applications to the regulatory authority for drug approval, a holistic approach for quality attributes and quality control from a regulatory perspective, emerging analytical tools for the characterisation of impurities, and the assessment of stability. This book is an essential reference work for students and researchers, in both academia and industry, with an interest in learning about CMC, and facilitating development and manufacture of peptide-based drugs.
Author: Ruixuan Ryan Yu
Author: Ruixuan Ryan Yu
Author: Xiaoyu Zhang
Author: Luca D. D'Andrea
Author: Ziyong Hong (Ph. D. in chemistry)
Author: Paul Lloyd-Williams
Author: Ashraf Brik
Author: Gregg B. Fields
Author: 
Author: W. Chan
Author: Ved Srivastava