Human Wastes Disposal, Ethiopia PDF Download

Author: Gabre-Emanuel Teka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sanitary engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Author: Solomon Tadesse
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 154

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Author: Adane Shalamo
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3346080862
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 42

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Seminar paper from the year 2019 in the subject Health - Health Sciences - Health Logistics, , language: English, abstract: This research proposal lays out key elements of a planned study. The objective of this study will be to assess the current street solid waste management practices and its associated factors in Hawassa city, southern Ethiopia. A community-based Cross-sectional study will be conducted in the city of Hawassa by using stratified sampling, systematic random sampling, and purposive sampling techniques. From three Kebeles, further information from responsible staff using interviews, FGD and field observation. A total 543 study subjects will be recruited and their street waste management practices and associated factors will be evaluated. Data will be collected through both quantitative and qualitative methods. Six data a collectors with a public health background will be used to collect data. Determinants of street solid waste managements will be explained by Descriptive statistics (frequencies, proportions) to describe the study subjects. The logistic regression technique will be used. Street Solid waste causes substantial harm to the environment and human health if mismanaged. Which is a consequence of day-to-day activity of human kind, needs to be managed properly. With rapid urbanization and population growth problems related to Street solid waste management have become considerable importance in Ethiopia from both environment and human safety. This urges for a better understanding of the current practices and problems of street solid waste management in emerging towns of Ethiopia.

Author: Daniel Azaze
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3346274314
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 113

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Master's Thesis from the year 2017 in the subject Environmental Sciences, Arba Minch University, language: English, abstract: The general objective of the study was assessing the impacts of household’s poor waste disposal problem on the water quality of Womba River in Sawla town. A waste refers to any material or product that has been considered useless by the owner and needs to be discarded or has been discarded. Solid waste is any organic or inorganic materials generated from various human activities which have been considered unwanted or useless therefore disposed treated or untreated. On the other hand, the term household’s solid waste management has been defined differently by different writers and Authors. For instance, defined it as all activities that seek to minimize the environmental, aesthetic and human health impacts of households solid waste. A much more comprehensive definition of has been provided by, which stated that solid waste management is a discipline associated with the control of generation, storage, collection , transfer and transporting, processing and disposal of it. So, it is a manner in accordance to the best principle of public health, economics, engineering, conservation, aesthetics, and other environmental conservations responsive to public health. Inherent in this definition, solid waste management is a processes which includes waste generation, storage, collection, transfer and transport, processing and disposal of wastes in accordance to the principles of household’s solid waste management. The rapid urbanization and growth of urban population that has been taking place during the 20th century virtually transformed the world in to communities of cities and towns. These developments imposing challenges on environment in which most of them have to be addressed at international level. Among those environmental challenges, municipal waste management is a critical one. This is because as long as humans have been living in settled communities, solid waste generation has been an unavoidable in both developed and developing nations.

Author: Uno Winblad
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789158670082
Category : Bathrooms
Languages : en
Pages : 133

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Author: Emebet Hailemichael
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3346213471
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 29

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Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Geography / Earth Science - Demographics, Urban Management, Planning, grade: A, Ethiopian Civil Service University (College of Urban Development and Engineering), course: STRATEGIC AND INTEGRATED URBAN MANAGEMENT, language: English, abstract: The paper develops a strategy to address the urban management problem of Hawassa City, Ethiopia. Hawassa is registering high population growth mainly due to rural-urban as well as town-to-town migrations. This population growth resulted in the horizontal expansion of the city and inadequacies of various services that are essential for the society. And these also became bottlenecks for good governance through create urban management problems in the city. Those problems hamper the socio-economic development of the city. Those urban management problems include increment of urban waste generation and inadequacy of proper waste collection and disposal services, lack of pure water supply and insufficiency of job opportunities. The brief discussion of problems, literature review, possible strategies and specific activities to address problems as well as potential stakeholders are presented in the preceding discussion.

Author: Silpa Kaza
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464813477
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292

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Book Description
Solid waste management affects every person in the world. By 2050, the world is expected to increase waste generation by 70 percent, from 2.01 billion tonnes of waste in 2016 to 3.40 billion tonnes of waste annually. Individuals and governments make decisions about consumption and waste management that affect the daily health, productivity, and cleanliness of communities. Poorly managed waste is contaminating the world’s oceans, clogging drains and causing flooding, transmitting diseases, increasing respiratory problems, harming animals that consume waste unknowingly, and affecting economic development. Unmanaged and improperly managed waste from decades of economic growth requires urgent action at all levels of society. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 aggregates extensive solid aste data at the national and urban levels. It estimates and projects waste generation to 2030 and 2050. Beyond the core data metrics from waste generation to disposal, the report provides information on waste management costs, revenues, and tariffs; special wastes; regulations; public communication; administrative and operational models; and the informal sector. Solid waste management accounts for approximately 20 percent of municipal budgets in low-income countries and 10 percent of municipal budgets in middle-income countries, on average. Waste management is often under the jurisdiction of local authorities facing competing priorities and limited resources and capacities in planning, contract management, and operational monitoring. These factors make sustainable waste management a complicated proposition; most low- and middle-income countries, and their respective cities, are struggling to address these challenges. Waste management data are critical to creating policy and planning for local contexts. Understanding how much waste is generated—especially with rapid urbanization and population growth—as well as the types of waste generated helps local governments to select appropriate management methods and plan for future demand. It allows governments to design a system with a suitable number of vehicles, establish efficient routes, set targets for diversion of waste, track progress, and adapt as consumption patterns change. With accurate data, governments can realistically allocate resources, assess relevant technologies, and consider strategic partners for service provision, such as the private sector or nongovernmental organizations. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 provides the most up-to-date information available to empower citizens and governments around the world to effectively address the pressing global crisis of waste. Additional information is available at http://www.worldbank.org/what-a-waste.

Author: Yves Chartier
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241548568
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 327

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Book Description
This is the second edition of the WHO handbook on the safe, sustainable and affordable management of health-care waste--commonly known as "the Blue Book". The original Blue Book was a comprehensive publication used widely in health-care centers and government agencies to assist in the adoption of national guidance. It also provided support to committed medical directors and managers to make improvements and presented practical information on waste-management techniques for medical staff and waste workers. It has been more than ten years since the first edition of the Blue Book. During the intervening period, the requirements on generators of health-care wastes have evolved and new methods have become available. Consequently, WHO recognized that it was an appropriate time to update the original text. The purpose of the second edition is to expand and update the practical information in the original Blue Book. The new Blue Book is designed to continue to be a source of impartial health-care information and guidance on safe waste-management practices. The editors' intention has been to keep the best of the original publication and supplement it with the latest relevant information. The audience for the Blue Book has expanded. Initially, the publication was intended for those directly involved in the creation and handling of health-care wastes: medical staff, health-care facility directors, ancillary health workers, infection-control officers and waste workers. This is no longer the situation. A wider range of people and organizations now have an active interest in the safe management of health-care wastes: regulators, policy-makers, development organizations, voluntary groups, environmental bodies, environmental health practitioners, advisers, researchers and students. They should also find the new Blue Book of benefit to their activities. Chapters 2 and 3 explain the various types of waste produced from health-care facilities, their typical characteristics and the hazards these wastes pose to patients, staff and the general environment. Chapters 4 and 5 introduce the guiding regulatory principles for developing local or national approaches to tackling health-care waste management and transposing these into practical plans for regions and individual health-care facilities. Specific methods and technologies are described for waste minimization, segregation and treatment of health-care wastes in Chapters 6, 7 and 8. These chapters introduce the basic features of each technology and the operational and environmental characteristics required to be achieved, followed by information on the potential advantages and disadvantages of each system. To reflect concerns about the difficulties of handling health-care wastewaters, Chapter 9 is an expanded chapter with new guidance on the various sources of wastewater and wastewater treatment options for places not connected to central sewerage systems. Further chapters address issues on economics (Chapter 10), occupational safety (Chapter 11), hygiene and infection control (Chapter 12), and staff training and public awareness (Chapter 13). A wider range of information has been incorporated into this edition of the Blue Book, with the addition of two new chapters on health-care waste management in emergencies (Chapter 14) and an overview of the emerging issues of pandemics, drug-resistant pathogens, climate change and technology advances in medical techniques that will have to be accommodated by health-care waste systems in the future (Chapter 15).

Author: Gabre-Emanuel Teka
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental health
Languages : en
Pages : 258

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Author: Girma Kebbede
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351153625
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 249

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Book Description
Although it still has a low urban population when compared with the rest of the world, Ethiopia nevertheless has been experiencing one of the most rapid urbanization processes of recent years. This rapid urban growth, however, has not been accompanied by a commensurate increase in basic infrastructure and amenities that are essential for a healthy urban environment. Housing, water supply, sanitation services, drainage, transport networks and health services have not been able to keep pace with the prevailing urban growth rates, resulting in a deterioration of urban living conditions and increasingly serious health problems. Living With Urban Environmental Health Risks examines the extent and nature of environmental problems in urban areas in Ethiopia and their impact on health. The book points to the economic and political causes that underlie many of the urban problems in the country. This in-depth analysis suggests ways to deal with these problems at community, municipal, and national levels.