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Author: National Academy of Engineering Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309051304 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
Product liability is a contentious issue. Proponents argue that American tort law promotes product safety. Manufacturers contend that lawsuits chill new product development. Product Liability and Innovation provides an overview and an engineering perspective on the product liability system. The volume offers studies of selected industries, exploring the effect of product liability on corporate product development decisions and on the creative opportunities and day-to-day work of engineers. The volume addresses the potential liability of the parts or materials supplier and discusses the impact of liability on the availability of insurance. It looks at "junk science" in the courtroom and analyzes opportunities to incorporate into product design what we know about human behavior and risk. The book also looks at current efforts at tort reform and compares U.S. injury claims handling with that of other countries. This volume will be important to policymakers, industrialists, attorneys, product engineers, and individuals concerned about the impact of product liability on the industrial future.
Author: National Academy of Engineering Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309051304 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 214
Book Description
Product liability is a contentious issue. Proponents argue that American tort law promotes product safety. Manufacturers contend that lawsuits chill new product development. Product Liability and Innovation provides an overview and an engineering perspective on the product liability system. The volume offers studies of selected industries, exploring the effect of product liability on corporate product development decisions and on the creative opportunities and day-to-day work of engineers. The volume addresses the potential liability of the parts or materials supplier and discusses the impact of liability on the availability of insurance. It looks at "junk science" in the courtroom and analyzes opportunities to incorporate into product design what we know about human behavior and risk. The book also looks at current efforts at tort reform and compares U.S. injury claims handling with that of other countries. This volume will be important to policymakers, industrialists, attorneys, product engineers, and individuals concerned about the impact of product liability on the industrial future.
Author: Alberto Galasso Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical innovations Languages : en Pages : 45
Book Description
Liability laws designed to compensate for harms caused by defective products may also affect innovation incentives. This paper examines this issue, exploiting a major quasi-exogenous increase in liability risk faced by US suppliers of polymers used to manufacture medical devices implanted in human bodies. Difference-in-differences analyses suggest that the surge in liability risk had a large and negative impact on downstream innovation in medical implants but no significant effect on upstream polymer patenting. These findings show how tort laws may affect the development of new technologies and how liability risk may percolate through an industry's vertical chain.
Author: Alberto Galasso Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical innovations Languages : en Pages : 49
Book Description
Liability laws designed to compensate for harms caused by defective products may also affect innovation. We examine this issue by exploiting a major quasi-exogenous increase in liability risk faced by U.S. suppliers of polymers used to manufacture medical implants. Difference-in-differences analyses show that this surge in suppliers’ liability risk had a large and negative impact on downstream innovation in medical implants, but it had no significant effect on upstream polymer patenting. Our findings suggest that liability risk can percolate throughout a vertical chain and may have a significant chilling effect on downstream innovation.
Author: G. L. Gittings Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 9780309068185 Category : Highway engineering Languages : en Pages : 76
Book Description
This synthesis will be of interest to state Department of Transportation (DOT) engineers, legal counsel, researchers, and administrators; transportation product development engineers, equipment manufacturers, and engineering and product manufacturer associations; state, regional, and federal product testing and evaluation centers; and attorneys of law interested in tort liability as it applies to highway innovations. The synthesis describes the current state of the practice for managing product liability to achieve highway innovations. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying and interviewing state transportation agencies and private transportation related organizations and by conducting a literature search. This report of the Transportation Research Board identifies and discusses specific tort and product liability problems and principles, the specific tort liability experience of public agencies in state DOTs, and the tort liability experience of private organizations involved in introducing new products to the highway market. In addition, details on the litigation risks of highway innovation, the perceptions and perspectives of public agency and private sector personnel, and the state-of-the-art methods to confront litigation risks are presented. Finally, methodological comparisons and a general tort and product liability overview are included in the appendices.
Author: Peter W. Huber Publisher: Brookings Institution Press ISBN: 9780815737612 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Discusses the effect of liability laws in the private aircraft, automobile, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries and the medical profession
Author: Peter W. Huber Publisher: Brookings Institution Press ISBN: 0815720181 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 529
Book Description
With an ever-increasing number of liability lawsuits, are corporations electing to play it safe rather than risk the uncertainties accompanying innovation? In The Liability Maze experts address the issues surrounding safety and innovation and present the most detailed and comprehensive study to date on the actual impact of U.S. liability law. In recent decades it has been widely assumed that liability laws promote safety by significantly raising the price companies must pay for negligence, product defects and accidents. More recently, others have suggested that the broad and unpredictable sweep of these laws actually deters innovation. The risks of lawsuits are so great that corporations are showing more caution in product innovation than ever before. The contributors focus on five sectors of the economy where the liability system appears to have had the greatest effects, positive or negative: the private aircraft, automobile, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries, and the medical profession. They suggest that in many sectors liability law has hampered innovation. In others it has stimulated safety improvements, although perhaps not so much as vigilant safety regulations.
Author: Ajay Agrawal Publisher: University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0226833127 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 172
Book Description
A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system.
Author: W. Kip Viscusi Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 9780674753235 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
Drawing on liability insurance trends and litigation patterns, Viscusi shows that the products liability crisis is has been developing for decades. He argues that the principal causes have been the expansion of the doctrine of design defect, the emergence of mass toxic torts, and an increase in lawsuits involving hazard warnings.
Author: Michael J. Moore Publisher: Brookings Institution Press ISBN: 0815798792 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 54
Book Description
A Brookings Institution Press and American Enterprise Institute publication Are liability "crises" an inevitable part of the modern industrial landscape? Does the inherent nature of the insurance industry promote recurring liability crises? What have been the effects of the liability reforms of the 1990s? Should lawyers be given de facto regulatory authority? This report provides perspective on these and other key issues concerning the law and economics of products liability. The authors begins with a brief description of the evolution of products liability doctrine in the U.S., up to the point of the liability crisis of the late 1980s. They discuss the economic implications of product risk for both consumers and producers, offer economic hypothesis on the implications of the increased scope of liability and subsequent reforms, and provide an update of trends in litigation and liability law. The book ends with a discussion of pending legislation and prospects for further improvements. Moore and Viscusi make the point that effective liability policy calls for a balancing of the incentives for improved public safety on one hand, and the benefits of new and existing products on the other.
Author: National Academy of Engineering
Author: National Academy of Engineering
Author: Alberto Galasso
Author: Alberto Galasso
Author: G. L. Gittings
Author: Peter W. Huber
Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Small Business
Author: Peter W. Huber
Author: Ajay Agrawal
Author: W. Kip Viscusi
Author: Michael J. Moore