Hormonal Regulation of Fluid and Electrolytes: Effects of Heat Exposure and Exercise in the Heat PDF Download

Author: R. P. Francesconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 29

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Book Description
An extensive review has been completed of the hormonal regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance during sedentary exposure to or exercise in the heat. The review focuses mainly on human responses although examples from animal studies are also included. The effects of exogenously administered hormones has been discussed followed by sections on hormonal response to sedentary heat exposure and exercise in the heat. Consideration of the exacerbative effects of hypohydration on the hormonal responses is followed by a section on electrolyte supplementation and the effects of heat acclimation. The review concludes with a discussion of the role of plasma volume in modifying the endocrinological responses as well as suggestions for future studies in this area. Keywords: Hypohydration, Acclimation, Electrolytes, Plasma Volume, Aldosterone, Vasopressin, Plasma Renin Activity.

Author: John R. Claybaugh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461305853
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 250

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Book Description
The concept of this book has developed over the past fi fteen years as interest in the water and electrolyte disturbances associated with most environmental settings moved from a research area of descriptive discovery to one dealing with the mechanisms responsible for the previously observed disturbances. Most of the contributing authors have been involved in both aspects of this evolution of research, focusing on those problems associated with body fluid and electrolyte balance and searching for hormonal explanations. What did not accompany this transition, however, was a source of information encompassing the area of interest. Instead, the previous format of environmentally focused symposia, reviews, and books continued to be the only sources available. For instance, various books deal with the physiology of high altitude, space, or exercise but do not necessarily provide adequate coverage of water and electrolyte disturbances. To our knowledge, the format of this book is unique. We have made the central focus water and electrolyte physiology with an emphasis on endocrinology and tried to comprehensively cover this area of physiology in some of the more heavily studied environments. This book too, then, will have its limitations in coverage. For instance, in-depth coverage of the respiratory and cardiovascular responses to the high altitude en vironment will not be found, but since these areas are so integrally associated with water and electrolyte regulation they are not ignored.

Author: Ralph Francesconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22

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Book Description
Adult, male rats were exercised (level treadmill, 9.14 m/min) in the heat (35 C, 30-35% rh) until hyperthermic exhaustion (T sub re = 42.5 - 43 C) ensued. Blood samples (0.3 ml) were taken immediately prior to exercise in the heat (time 0), when T sub re reached 40 C (8.25 min treadmill time), when hyperthermic exhaustion occurred, and again when T sub re decreased to 40 C. Plasma was separated and assayed for aldosterone, angiotensin I (plasma renin activity), and antidiuretic hormone (arginine-vasopressin). Plasma aldosterone levels were significantly (p

Author: Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Military Nutrition Research
Publisher: National Academies
ISBN:
Category : Dehydration (Physiology)
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description

Author: Lawrence E. Armstrong
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780736037716
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 300

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Book Description
The only text to focus exclusively on heat-related illnesses. Full of practical advice for professionals in a variety of medical, academic, & commercial settings. Learn how to identify, treat & prevent exertional heat illnesses & ensure your sporting events are safe.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309091586
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 639

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Book Description
Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.

Author: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.)
Publisher: National Institute on Drug Abuse
ISBN: 9780160946561
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 202

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Book Description
Occupational exposure to heat can result in injuries, disease, reduced productivity, and death. To address this hazard, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has evaluated the scientific data on heat stress and hot environments and has updated the Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Hot Environments [NIOSH 1986a]. This updated guidance includes information about physiological changes that result from heat stress, and relevant studies such as those on caffeine use, evidence to redefine heat stroke, and more. Related products: Weather & Climate collection is available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/weather-climate Emergency Management & First Responders can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/emergency-management-first-responders Fire Management collection is available here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/fire-management

Author: Gerry E. Hendershot
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780840602220
Category : Birth control
Languages : en
Pages : 982

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Book Description
The 1982 statistics on the use of family planning and infertility services presented in this report are preliminary results from Cycle III of the National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG), conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Data were collected through personal interviews with a multistage area probability sample of 7969 women aged 15-44. A detailed series of questions was asked to obtain relatively complete estimates of the extent and type of family planning services received. Statistics on family planning services are limited to women who were able to conceive 3 years before the interview date. Overall, 79% of currently mrried nonsterile women reported using some type of family planning service during the previous 3 years. There were no statistically significant differences between white (79%), black (75%) or Hispanic (77%) wives, or between the 2 income groups. The 1982 survey questions were more comprehensive than those of earlier cycles of the survey. The annual rate of visits for family planning services in 1982 was 1077 visits /1000 women. Teenagers had the highest annual visit rate (1581/1000) of any age group for all sources of family planning services combined. Visit rates declined sharply with age from 1447 at ages 15-24 to 479 at ages 35-44. Similar declines with age also were found in the visit rates for white and black women separately. Nevertheless, the annual visit rate for black women (1334/1000) was significantly higher than that for white women (1033). The highest overall visit rate was for black women 15-19 years of age (1867/1000). Nearly 2/3 of all family planning visits were to private medical sources. Teenagers of all races had higher family planning service visit rates to clinics than to private medical sources, as did black women age 15-24. White women age 20 and older had higher visit rates to private medical services than to clinics. Never married women had higher visit rates to clinics than currently or formerly married women. Data were also collected in 1982 on use of medical services for infertility by women who had difficulty in conceiving or carrying a pregnancy to term. About 1 million ever married women had 1 or more infertility visits in the 12 months before the interview. During the 3 years before interview, about 1.9 million women had infertility visits. For all ever married women, as well as for white and black women separately, infertility services were more likely to be secured from private medical sources than from clinics. The survey design, reliability of the estimates and the terms used are explained in the technical notes.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aeronautics
Languages : en
Pages : 968

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Book Description

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309175593
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 584

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Book Description
This book reviews the research pertaining to nutrient requirements for working in cold or in high-altitude environments and states recommendations regarding the application of this information to military operational rations. It addresses whether, aside from increased energy demands, cold or high-altitude environments elicit an increased demand or requirement for specific nutrients, and whether performance in cold or high-altitude environments can be enhanced by the provision of increased amounts of specific nutrients.