HORIZONTAL GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP MODELING AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT VIA EMPLOYMENT OF TIRE DERIVED AGGREGATE TO FORM A NON-HOMOGENOUS SOIL PROFILE PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) take advantage of the stored energy in the ground for space heating and cooling. Their greater energy performance compared to conventional heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) is well documented. The key factors that hinder the wide adoption of these systems in the U. S. are relatively high installation costs, lack of knowledgeable installers and owners' uncertainty about their performance. The breadth of GSHP knowledge in the literature has a growing trend that requires new perspectives and performance evaluations to assist further penetration into the HVAC market. The current research investigates the potential application of a post-consumer product of tire industry, tire derived aggregate (TDA), in conjunction with horizontal GSHPs. TDA is composed of chipped scrap tires, which has relatively lower thermal conductivity and higher hydraulic conductivity than soil. TDA's properties could be advantageous in contrast with the properties of the soil overlaying the ground pipes; therefore, it was used as an intermediate layer to form a non-homogeneous vertical soil profile overlaying the ground pipes of a horizontal GSHP. In this research, numerical modeling was employed to study the impacts of the TDA layer on heat transfer regime to/from the ground pipes. A pilot scale set-up also was constructed in Buffalo, NY to explore the heating season performance in the presence of the intermediate TDA layer with actual data. At the end, the economic feasibility of utilizing TDA material with GSHPs was studied via numerical modeling of the whole building energy consumption in different climatic conditions. The outcomes of this research shed light on the design of the proposed non-homogeneous soil profile for horizontal GSHPs, which opens new frontiers in the energy and economic feasibility analysis of GSHP systems.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
Ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) take advantage of the stored energy in the ground for space heating and cooling. Their greater energy performance compared to conventional heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) is well documented. The key factors that hinder the wide adoption of these systems in the U. S. are relatively high installation costs, lack of knowledgeable installers and owners' uncertainty about their performance. The breadth of GSHP knowledge in the literature has a growing trend that requires new perspectives and performance evaluations to assist further penetration into the HVAC market. The current research investigates the potential application of a post-consumer product of tire industry, tire derived aggregate (TDA), in conjunction with horizontal GSHPs. TDA is composed of chipped scrap tires, which has relatively lower thermal conductivity and higher hydraulic conductivity than soil. TDA's properties could be advantageous in contrast with the properties of the soil overlaying the ground pipes; therefore, it was used as an intermediate layer to form a non-homogeneous vertical soil profile overlaying the ground pipes of a horizontal GSHP. In this research, numerical modeling was employed to study the impacts of the TDA layer on heat transfer regime to/from the ground pipes. A pilot scale set-up also was constructed in Buffalo, NY to explore the heating season performance in the presence of the intermediate TDA layer with actual data. At the end, the economic feasibility of utilizing TDA material with GSHPs was studied via numerical modeling of the whole building energy consumption in different climatic conditions. The outcomes of this research shed light on the design of the proposed non-homogeneous soil profile for horizontal GSHPs, which opens new frontiers in the energy and economic feasibility analysis of GSHP systems.
Author: Seyed Omid Komari Zadeh Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 120
Book Description
Increasing energy demand and environmental pollution in United States has been led toward using renewable energy sources over recent decades. Ground-source heat pump systems are one of the promising new energy technologies that have shown rapid increase in usage over the past ten years in the United States. Low efficiency and lack of design guidelines are still the limits of GSHP systems. This paper studies the effects of heat conduction in boreholes used in geothermal heat pump systems. The purpose of this study was to determine the temperature distribution in ground source heat pump system by studying and modeling the ground bore and compare it to proposed design system based on advanced heat transfer and finite elements techniques. Solid Works software, version 2010 is utilized to simulate and calculate each system by using finite elements methods. Findings and Conclusions: The ground loop heat exchanger model was successfully implemented in the Solid Works program. The primary objective of this study is: examine effects of ground-boreholes on closed-loop GSHP systems, develop a design and simulation tool for modeling the performance of a ground Loop Heat Exchanger on closed-loop GSHP systems, and comparing the effects of boreholes different configuration in energy distribution on closed-loop GSHP systems. Simulation result based on the mathematical background which is presented in chapter 2 and 3, have an excellent agreement with the purpose of this thesis and showed the significant energy saving. The solid and hollow cylindrical bores simulate in steady state and transient cases. The results demonstrate around 5.8 % saving in energy consumption by applying a proposed system.
Author: Harvey M. Sachs Publisher: Amer Society of Heating ISBN: 9781931862028 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
Because of low operating and maintenance costs, ground-source heat pump systems are becoming increasingly popular for commercial HVAC systems in offices, schools, health care facilities, stores and factories. Design and installation of ground-source and groundwater-source heat pumps are straightforward engineering exercises. This manual is intended to help the designer understand the driller's tools, techniques and the ground they penetrate. It includes an introduction to geology, hydrogeology, soil development, and other conditions that impact the feasibility and economics of ground-source heat pump system installation.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
This project team analyzed supplemental heat rejection/recovery (SHR) devices or systems that could be used in hybrid ground source heat pump (HGHP) systems located in arid or semi-arid regions in southwestern U.S. Identification of effective SHR solutions would enhance the deployment of ground source heat pumps (GHP) in these regions. In a parallel effort, the team developed integrated GHP models that coupled the building load, heat pump, and ground loop subsystems and which could be applied to residential and commercial office buildings. Then GHP and HGHP performances could be compared in terms of operational performance and life-cycle costs. Several potential SHR devices were analyzed by applying two strategies: 1) to remove heat directly from the water in the ground loop before it enters the ground and 2) to remove heat in the refrigerant loop of the vapor compression cycle (VCC) of the heat pump so less heat is transferred to the water loop at the condenser of the VCC. Cooling towers, adsorption coolers, and thermoelectric liquid coolers were included in strategy 1, and expanded desuperheaters, thermosyphons, and an optimized VCC were included in strategy 2. Of all SHR devices analyzed, only the cooling tower provided a cost-effective performance enhancement. For the integrated GHP model, the project team selected the building load model HAMBASE and its powerful computational Simulink/MatLab platform, empirical performance map models of the heat pumps based upon manufacturers’ performance data, and a ground loop model developed by Oklahoma State University and rewritten for this project in Simulink/MatLab. The design process used GLHEPRO, also from Oklahoma State University, to size the borehole fields. The building load and ground loop models were compared with simulations from eQuest, ASHRAE 140-2008 standards, EnergyPlus, and GLHEPRO and were found to predict those subsystems’ performance well. The integrated GHP model was applied to a 195m2 (2100ft2) residential building and a 4,982m2 (53,628ft2) three-story commercial office building, and it ran 10-15 year simulations. The integrated GHP model and its Simulink platform provided residential data, ranging from seconds to years, and commercial office building data, ranging from minutes to years. A cooling tower model was coupled to the base case integrated GHP model for the residential building and the resulting HGHP system provided a cost-effective solution for the Austin, TX location. Simulations for both the residential and commercial building models were run with varying degrees of SHR (device/system not identified) and the results were found to significantly decrease installation costs, increase heat pump efficiency (lower entering water temperature), and prolong the lifetime of the borehole field. Lifetime cycle costs were estimated from the simulation results. Sensitivity studies on system operating performance and lifetime costs were performed on design parameters, such as construction materials, borehole length, borehole configuration and spacing, grout conductivity, and effects of SHR. While some of the results are intuitive, these studies provided quantitative estimates of improved performance and cost. One of the most important results of this sensitivity study is that overall system performance is very sensitive to these design parameters and that modeling and simulation are essential tools to design cost-effective systems.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
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Author: Seyed Omid Komari Zadeh
Author: Harvey M. Sachs
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Author: United States. Environmental Protection Agency
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