Home Range, Habitat Use and Survival of Coyotes in Western South Carolina PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
ABSTRACT.--Home range size, habitat use and survival of coyotes are variable throughout their range. Because coyotes have recently become established in South Carolina, we investigated their spatial distribution, habitat use and mortality on the Savannah River Site (SRS) in western South Carolina, USA. Annual survival for adult coyotes on the SRS was 0.658. Off-site trapping and shooting accounted for 60% of mortality. Home ranges averaged 30.5 km2 and 31.85 km2 by the 95% minimum convex polygon and 95% fixed kernel methods, respectively. We detected no difference in home ranges size between males and females. Intraspecific home range overlap averaged 22.4%, excluding mated pair interactions, with 87.5% of coyotes sharing their home range with one or more individuals. Coyotes selected home ranges containing higher proportions of early successional habitat than was available on the landscape. Core areas likewise contained a greater proportion of early successional habitat than available in the animal's home range.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
ABSTRACT.--Home range size, habitat use and survival of coyotes are variable throughout their range. Because coyotes have recently become established in South Carolina, we investigated their spatial distribution, habitat use and mortality on the Savannah River Site (SRS) in western South Carolina, USA. Annual survival for adult coyotes on the SRS was 0.658. Off-site trapping and shooting accounted for 60% of mortality. Home ranges averaged 30.5 km2 and 31.85 km2 by the 95% minimum convex polygon and 95% fixed kernel methods, respectively. We detected no difference in home ranges size between males and females. Intraspecific home range overlap averaged 22.4%, excluding mated pair interactions, with 87.5% of coyotes sharing their home range with one or more individuals. Coyotes selected home ranges containing higher proportions of early successional habitat than was available on the landscape. Core areas likewise contained a greater proportion of early successional habitat than available in the animal's home range.
Author: Jennifer N. Ward Publisher: ISBN: Category : Coyote Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
To ensure reproductive success, Canis species establish contiguous mosaics of territories in suitable habitats to partition space and defend limiting resources. Consequently, Canis species can exert strong effects on prey populations locally because of their year-round maintenance of territories. We assessed prey use by coyotes (Canis latrans) by sampling scats from within known territories in southeastern Alabama and the Savannah River area of Georgia and South Carolina. We accounted for the size and habitat composition of coyote home ranges to investigate the influence of space use, vegetation density, and habitat type on coyote diets. Coyote use of prey was influenced by a combination of mean monthly temperature, home range size, vegetation density, and hardwood forests. For example, coyote use of adult white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was associated with cooler months and smaller home ranges, whereas use of rabbits (Sylvilagus spp.) was associated with cooler months, larger home ranges, and less vegetation density. Coyotes in our study relied primarily on nutritionally superior mammalian prey and supplemented their diet with fruit when available, as their use of mammalian prey did not appreciably decrease with increasing use of fruit. We suggest that differential use of prey by coyotes is influenced by habitat heterogeneity within their home ranges, and prey-switching behaviors may stabilize local interactions between coyotes and their food resources to permit stable year-round territories. Given that habitat composition affects coyote prey use, future studies should also incorporate effects of habitat composition on coyote distribution and abundance to further identify coyote influences on prey communities.
Author: Jennifer Nicole Ward Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Coyotes (Canis latrans) are now widespread across North America. In the southeastern United States, managers of game and non-game species have expressed concern over coyote impacts. During 20150́32017, I monitored 147 coyotes with GPS transmitters in Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina to document space use and habitat selection. I collected scat (n=1100) from 25 resident coyote territories to assess prey use. Transient coyotes exhibited broader space use than residents, as transient ranges averaged 132.7 ℗ł 105.2 km^2, whereas resident home ranges averaged 17.6 ℗ł 14.7 km^2. Residents and transients maintained ranges with similar habitat composition, but used habitats differently. Residents selected agriculture and forests, but avoided urban and roads. Transients selected agriculture, urban, and roads, but avoided shrub. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) was the most important food source for residents. Differential use of prey by residents was influenced by habitat heterogeneity within home ranges. Landowners interested in managing coyotes should also consider that 80% of transients traversed 9́Þ 200 km^2.
Author: David N. Wear Publisher: ISBN: Category : Electronic books Languages : en Pages : 652
Book Description
The southern forest resource assessment provides a comprehensive analysis of the history, status, and likely future of forests in the Southern United States. Twenty-three chapters address questions regarding social/economic systems, terrestrial ecosystems, water and aquatic ecosystems, forest health, and timber management; 2 additional chapters provide a background on history and fire. Each chapter surveys pertinent literature and data, accesses conditions, identifies research needs, and examines the implications for southern forests and the benefits they provide.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309488273 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 105
Book Description
Scientists strive to develop clear rules for naming and grouping living organisms. But taxonomy, the scientific study of biological classification and evolution, is often highly debated. Members of a species, the fundamental unit of taxonomy and evolution, share a common evolutionary history and a common evolutionary path to the future. Yet, it can be difficult to determine whether the evolutionary history or future of a population is sufficiently distinct to designate it as a unique species. A species is not a fixed entity â€" the relationship among the members of the same species is only a snapshot of a moment in time. Different populations of the same species can be in different stages in the process of species formation or dissolution. In some cases hybridization and introgression can create enormous challenges in interpreting data on genetic distinctions between groups. Hybridization is far more common in the evolutionary history of many species than previously recognized. As a result, the precise taxonomic status of an organism may be highly debated. This is the current case with the Mexican gray wolf (Canis lupus baileyi) and the red wolf (Canis rufus), and this report assesses the taxonomic status for each.
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Author: Jeffrey Shane Romsos
Author: Perry Woodfin Sumner
Author: Jennifer N. Ward
Author: Jennifer Nicole Ward
Author: Daniel A. Bogan
Author: David N. Wear
Author: Suzanne Louise Caturano
Author: Greig D. Jones
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine