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Author: Robab Hashemi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The presented research was conducted to collect, and analyze the laboratory spectroscopic data together with theoretical calculations of the line shape parameters for the HITRAN (High Resolution Transmission) molecular spectroscopic database. The most updated version of this database is HITRAN2016 \cite{HITRAN16}, and this research has contributed to this database by adding improved laboratory results to it. There is a demand for accurate retrieval of concentration values for carbon dioxide and methane (with accuracy better than 0.3 percent) which requires accurate line shape parameters. These line shape parameters are invaluable for modelling and interpreting spectra of Earth and planetary atmospheres. It is necessary to measure advanced line shape parameters such as the speed-dependence (to explain the impact of the speed of colliding molecules) and line mixing (where there is interference of neighbouring transitions) for all the transitions in the databases. The molecules of interest for the present research are atmospheric trace gases; acetylene (C$_2$H$_2$), methane (CH$_4$) and carbon monoxide (CO). For C$_2$H$_2$, the goal is to determine the fundamental Boltzmann constant based on a line shape analysis of $\nu_1+\nu_3$ band recorded using a tunable diode laser. The next focus of the thesis is the examination of different line profiles on the absorption spectra of the CO-CO$_2$ in the $2-0$ band and CH$_4$-air in 2.3 $\mu m$. A standard multispectrum non-linear least squares fitting technique is used to measure line width and line shift coefficients, and their temperature dependencies considering the effect of speed dependence and line mixing.
Author: Robab Hashemi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The presented research was conducted to collect, and analyze the laboratory spectroscopic data together with theoretical calculations of the line shape parameters for the HITRAN (High Resolution Transmission) molecular spectroscopic database. The most updated version of this database is HITRAN2016 \cite{HITRAN16}, and this research has contributed to this database by adding improved laboratory results to it. There is a demand for accurate retrieval of concentration values for carbon dioxide and methane (with accuracy better than 0.3 percent) which requires accurate line shape parameters. These line shape parameters are invaluable for modelling and interpreting spectra of Earth and planetary atmospheres. It is necessary to measure advanced line shape parameters such as the speed-dependence (to explain the impact of the speed of colliding molecules) and line mixing (where there is interference of neighbouring transitions) for all the transitions in the databases. The molecules of interest for the present research are atmospheric trace gases; acetylene (C$_2$H$_2$), methane (CH$_4$) and carbon monoxide (CO). For C$_2$H$_2$, the goal is to determine the fundamental Boltzmann constant based on a line shape analysis of $\nu_1+\nu_3$ band recorded using a tunable diode laser. The next focus of the thesis is the examination of different line profiles on the absorption spectra of the CO-CO$_2$ in the $2-0$ band and CH$_4$-air in 2.3 $\mu m$. A standard multispectrum non-linear least squares fitting technique is used to measure line width and line shift coefficients, and their temperature dependencies considering the effect of speed dependence and line mixing.
Author: Weidong Chen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128156899 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 634
Book Description
Advances in Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Atmosphere provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge technologies and monitoring applications. Concepts are illustrated by numerous examples with information on spectroscopic techniques and applications widely distributed throughout the text. This information is important for researchers to gain an overview of recent developments in the field and make informed selections among the most suitable techniques. This volume also provides information that will allow researchers to explore implementing and developing new diagnostic tools or new approaches for trace gas and aerosol sensing themselves. Advances in Spectroscopic Monitoring of the Atmosphere covers advanced and newly emerging spectroscopic techniques for optical metrology of gases and particles in the atmosphere. This book will be a valuable reference for atmospheric scientists, including those whose focus is applying the methods to atmospheric studies, and those who develop instrumentation. It will also serve as a useful introduction to researchers entering the field and provide relevant examples to researchers and students developing and applying optical sensors for a variety of other scientific, technical, and industrial uses. Overview of new applications including remote sensing by UAV, laser heterodyne radiometry, dual comb spectroscopy, and more Features in-situ observations and measurements for real-world data Includes content on leading edge optical sensors
Author: P. A. Matson Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1444313819 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
Trace gases are those that are present in the atmosphere at relatively low concentrations. Small changes in their concentrations can have profound implications for major atmospheric fluxes, and thereore, can be used as indicators in studies of global change, global biogeochemical cycling and global warming. This new how-to guide will detail the concepts and techniques involved in the detection and measurement of trace gases, and the impact they have on ecological studies. Introductory chapters look at the role of trace gases in global cycles, while later chapters go on to consider techniques for the measurement of gases in various environments and at a range of scales. A how-to guide for measuring atmospheric trace gases. Techniques described are of value in addressing current concerns over global climate change.
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781721192632 Category : Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
The Langley-D.U. collaboration on the analysis of high resolution infrared atmospheric spectra covered a number of important studies of trace gases identification and quantification from field spectra, and spectral line parameters analysis. The collaborative work included: Quantification and monitoring of trace gases from ground-based spectra available from various locations and seasons and from balloon flights. Studies toward identification and quantification of isotopic species, mostly oxygen and Sulfur isotopes. Search for new species on the available spectra. Update of spectroscopic line parameters, by combining laboratory and atmospheric spectra with theoretical spectroscopy methods. Study of trends of atmosphere trace constituents. Algorithms developments, retrievals intercomparisons and automatization of the analysis of NDSC spectra, for both column amounts and vertical profiles. Goldman, Aaron Langley Research Center
Author: Hoimonti Immaculata Rozario Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
With the modern technology and availability of spectrometer systems, it is possible to provide more accurate and new parameters to the spectroscopic databases. Accordingly, three spectroscopic studies were carried out in this thesis. The first study is intended to find the suitable line-shape models that can reproduce C2H2-N2 spectra best as well as retrieve reliable parameters, which are very useful for spectroscopic studies. The second project of oxygen A-band spectra is dedicated to retrieving a new parameter, called the speed-dependent parameter. The main goal of the third study is to obtain a better ground state line list of 15NH3, which has never been studied as extensively as in this thesis. Performing the acetylene study will improve the use of line-shape profiles based on the spectral pressure regions. The new speed-dependent parameter and extended (439) lines of 15NH3 spectroscopic results will progress the retrievals of atmospheric spectra and enrich spectroscopic databases.
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781721201242 Category : Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
The major research activities performed during the cooperative agreement enhanced our spectroscopic knowledge of molecules of atmospheric interest such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, ozone, methane, and carbon monoxide, to name a few. Measurements were made using the NASA Langley Tunable Diode Laser Spectrometer System (TDL) and several Fourier Transform Spectrometer Systems (FTS) around the globe. The results from these studies made remarkable improvements in the line positions and intensities for several molecules, particularly ozone and carbon dioxide in the 2 to 17-micrometer spectral region. Measurements of pressure broadening and pressure induced line shift coefficients and the temperature dependence of pressure broadening and pressure induced line shift coefficients for infrared transitions of ozone, methane, and water vapor were also performed. Results from these studies have been used for retrievals of stratospheric gas concentration profiles from data collected by several Upper Atmospheric Research satellite (UARS) infrared instruments as well as in the analysis of high resolution atmospheric spectra such as those acquired by space-based, ground-based, and various balloon-and aircraft-borne experiments. Our results made significant contributions in several updates of the HITRAN (HIgh resolution TRANsmission) spectral line parameters database. This database enjoys worldwide recognition in research involving diversified scientific fields. Benner, D. Chris and Venkataraman, Malathy Devi Langley Research Center
Author: Martin Quack Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470066539 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 2236
Book Description
The field of High-Resolution Spectroscopy has been considerably extended and even redefined in some areas. Combining the knowledge of spectroscopy, laser technology, chemical computation, and experiments, Handbook of High-Resolution Spectroscopy provides a comprehensive survey of the whole field as it presents itself today, with emphasis on the recent developments. This essential handbook for advanced research students, graduate students, and researchers takes a systematic approach through the range of wavelengths and includes the latest advances in experiment and theory that will help and guide future applications. The first comprehensive survey in high-resolution molecular spectroscopy for over 15 years Brings together the knowledge of spectroscopy, laser technology, chemical computation and experiments Brings the reader up-to-date with the many advances that have been made in recent times Takes the reader through the range of wavelengths, covering all possible techniques such as Microwave Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, VIS, UV and VUV Combines theoretical, computational and experimental aspects Has numerous applications in a wide range of scientific domains Edited by two leaders in this field Provides an overview of rotational, vibration, electronic and photoelectron spectroscopy Volume 1 - Introduction: Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy Volume 2 - High-Resolution Molecular Spectroscopy: Methods and Results Volume 3 - Special Methods & Applications
Author: Peter S. Liss Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3642256430 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
The oceans and atmosphere interact through various processes, including the transfer of momentum, heat, gases and particles. In this book leading international experts come together to provide a state-of-the-art account of these exchanges and their role in the Earth-system, with particular focus on gases and particles. Chapters in the book cover: i) the ocean-atmosphere exchange of short-lived trace gases; ii) mechanisms and models of interfacial exchange (including transfer velocity parameterisations); iii) ocean-atmosphere exchange of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide; iv) ocean atmosphere exchange of particles and v) current and future data collection and synthesis efforts. The scope of the book extends to the biogeochemical responses to emitted / deposited material and interactions and feedbacks in the wider Earth-system context. This work constitutes a highly detailed synthesis and reference; of interest to higher-level university students (Masters, PhD) and researchers in ocean-atmosphere interactions and related fields (Earth-system science, marine / atmospheric biogeochemistry / climate). Production of this book was supported and funded by the EU COST Action 735 and coordinated by the International SOLAS (Surface Ocean- Lower Atmosphere Study) project office.
Author: Robab Hashemi
Author: Robab Hashemi
Author: Weidong Chen
Author: P. A. Matson
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Author: Hoimonti Immaculata Rozario
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Author: Martin Quack
Author: Peter S. Liss
Author: T. J. Stevenson
Author: Michael Brian Esler