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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
At DIII-D, five 110 GHz gyrotrons are operating routinely for 2.0 s pulses at generated power levels e"50 kW per gyrotron. A sixth gyrotron is being installed, which should bring the generated power level to>4 MW and the injected power to about 3.0 MW. The output power now can be modulated by the plasma control system to fix T{sub e} at a desired value. The system is being used as a tool for control of current diffusion, for current profile control and other experiments leading to advanced tokamak operation.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 10
Book Description
At DIII-D, five 110 GHz gyrotrons are operating routinely for 2.0 s pulses at generated power levels e"50 kW per gyrotron. A sixth gyrotron is being installed, which should bring the generated power level to>4 MW and the injected power to about 3.0 MW. The output power now can be modulated by the plasma control system to fix T{sub e} at a desired value. The system is being used as a tool for control of current diffusion, for current profile control and other experiments leading to advanced tokamak operation.
Author: Gerardo Giruzzi Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9812705082 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 613
Book Description
The 12th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC-12) was held in Aix-en-Provence (France) from May 13 to 16, 2002. This workshop was concerned with the interaction of electromagnetic waves and hot plasmas, a subject of great importance in the framework of research on controlled thermonuclear fusion. Using as a fuel a mixture of deuterium and tritium, which can be extracted from sea water, this is a very promising way to develop an intrinsically safe reactor. The workshop gathered approximately one hundred specialists in the production, use and theory of millimetre waves for heating and diagnostics of fusion plasmas.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The gyrotron installation on the DIII-D tokamak has been in operation at the second harmonic of the electron cyclotron resonance since the mid-1990s. Prior to that a large installation of ten 60 GHz tubes was operated at the fundamental resonance. The system has been upgraded regularly and is an everyday tool for experiments on DIII-D.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 22
Book Description
The DIII-D tokamak has installed a system with three gyrotrons at the 1 MW level operating at 110 GHz. Physics experiments on electron cyclotron current drive, heating, and transport have been performed. Good efficiency has been achieved both for on-axis and off-axis current drive with relevance for control of the current density profile leading to advanced regimes of tokamak operation, although there is a difference between off-axis ECCD efficiency inside and outside the magnetic axis. Heating efficiency is excellent and electron temperatures up to 10 keV have been achieved. The gyrotron system is versatile, with poloidal scan and control of the polarization of the injected rf beam. Phase correcting mirrors form a Gaussian beam and focus it into the waveguide. Both perpendicular and oblique launch into the tokamak have been used. Three different gyrotron designs are installed and therefore unique problems specific to each have been encountered, including parasitic oscillations, mode hops during modulation and polarization control problems. Two of the gyrotrons suffered damage during operations, one due to filament failure and one due to a vacuum leak. The repairs and subsequent testing will be described. The transmission system uses evacuated, windowless waveguide and the three gyrotrons have output windows of three different materials. One gyrotron uses a diamond window and generates a Gaussian beam directly. The development of the system and specific tests and results from each of the gyrotrons will be presented. The DIII-D project has committed to an upgrade of the system, which will add three gyrotrons in the 1 MW class, all using diamond output windows, to permit operation at up to ten seconds per pulse at one megawatt output for each gyrotron.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 16
Book Description
Two 110 GHz gyrotrons with nominal output power of 1 MW each have been installed on the DIII-D tokamak. The gyrotrons, produced by Gycom and Communications and Power Industries, are connected to the tokamak by windowless evacuated transmission lines using circular corrugated waveguide carrying the HE11 mode. Initial experiments with the Gycom gyrotron showed good central heating efficiency at the second harmonic resonance with record central electron temperatures for DIII-D in excess of 10 keV achieved. The beam spot in the DIII-D vacuum vessel was well focused, with a diameter of approximately 8 cm, and it could be steered poloidally by a remotely adjustable mirror. The injection was at 19 deg off-perpendicular for current drive and the beams could be modulated for studies of energy transport and power deposition. The system will be described and the initial physics results will be presented. A third gyrotron, also at 110 GHz, will be installed later this year. Progress with this CPI tube will be discussed and future plans for the ECH installation and physics experiments using it will be presented.
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Author: Gerardo Giruzzi
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Author: David J. Minerath
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Author: Thumm, Manfred
Author: Thumm, Manfred