Begravelsesritual PDF Download

Author: Gerald A. Navatil
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fusion reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 28

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Category :
Languages : en
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High .beta. (approximately 5-30 percent) tokamak equilibria and the external magnetic field structures required to attain and hold them are discussed. The high .beta. equilibria are shown to be a natural consequence of intense heating by some auxiliary power source such as neutral beams, as long as the heating is rapid compared to the magnetic diffusion time scale. Since the magnetic fluxes are ''frozen in'' for such equilibria, they are called flux-conserving-tokamak (FCT) equilibria. FCT equilibria are shown to exist and satisfy the local (Mercier) stability criterion with .beta. values ranging up to 28 percent. For slightly D-shaped cross sections, simple and efficient poloidal field systems are described which properly control and shape the plasma, and admit poloidal divertors at the apexes of the natural D-shaped cross sections. The poloidal field system also has the property (STATIC concept) of shielding (by a factor of about 6) superconducting toroidal field coils from flux changes. Finally, the toroidal field ripple effects that enhance the ion heat conduction and cause a substantial fraction of alpha particles to drift out of the plasma are briefly discussed.

Author:
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Languages : en
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Encouraging results with neutral beam heating and adiabatic compression of tokamak plasmas have prompted new experiments which will study the approach to high .beta. states. As projected tokamak .beta. values become nonnegligible (average .beta. of 4% is the goal), the models previously used for transport calculations will become inadequate. These models will be required to account for the evolution of the magnetic geometry, along with the change in plasma parameters. We present an axisymmetric transport model which should be useful for studying the approach to higher .beta. values in tokamak experiments. Results from transport calculations with this model allow us to draw a parallel between observed behavior in seemingly unrelated experiments: electron heating by neutral injection in the ORMAK device and adiabatic compression in the ATC experiment. Finally, we find that the nature of cross-field transport may be expected to change as significant .beta. values are reached. Enhanced transport from ballooning instabilities is likely to play a role as important as that now played by sawtooth (m = 1) and saturated (m = 2) instabilities. New techniques for describing this transport are required.

Author: D.E. Evans
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483158705
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 638

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Pulsed High Beta Plasmas contains the proceedings of the Third Topical Conference on High Beta Plasmas held in Oxfordshire, UK, on September 9-12, 1975. The papers explore various aspects of pulsed high beta plasmas and cover topics such as reversed field pinches; mass flow stabilization of plasma confined by helical magnetic fields; cross-field instabilities in theta-pinch plasmas; and soft X-ray emitting plasma structures during the main neutron emission of plasma foci. Experimental observations of the self-reversal of a toroidal magnetic field in pinches are also presented. This book is comprised of 98 chapters and begins with a discussion on experimental results concerning a high beta stellarator, followed by a review of toroidal theta-pinch theory. The reader is then introduced to relaxation of toroidal discharges; equilibrium and stability of a diffuse high-beta Tokamak; spectroscopic studies of high beta plasma; and pulsed radiation from focused plasmas. Subsequent chapters explore the compression and kink instabilities of reversed field pinches; self-inductance changes in a plasma focus; interactions of high-energy plasma clusters with a longitudinal magnetic field; and electromagnetic implosion of large-diameter liners. The linear theta pinch as a 14-neutron source is also described. This monograph will be a valuable source of information for physicists.

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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 21

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Our activities on High Beta Tokamak Research during the past 12 months of the present budget period can be divided into four areas: completion of kink mode studies in HBT; completion of carbon impurity transport studies in HBT; design of HBT-EP; and construction of HBT-EP. Each of these is described briefly in the sections of this progress report.

Author: United States. Energy Research and Development Administration
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 24

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Author: D. J. Sigmar
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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Languages : en
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The large heating rate inherent to implosion heating allows the rapid generation of high-beta tokamak plasmas. A study of these plasmas in the proposed HBT machine can give information on how MHD equilibrium and stability limit .beta. and q. Both a wide current profile and a moderate elongation of the minor cross section should help to raise the permissible peak .beta. values in HBT to at least 20 percent. The longer term loss processes occurring in MHD-stable plasmas are to be investigated. The main parameters of HBT are: R = 0.30 m, minor cross section a racetrack of width and height 0.24 m and 0.48 m, B/sub phi/ = 2 T, I/sub phi/ approximately 750 kA.

Author: Alban Veli Deniz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Tokamaks
Languages : en
Pages : 139

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Author: H. P. Furth
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plasma confinement
Languages : en
Pages : 11

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