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Author: Elizabeth Jones Spurlock Publisher: ISBN: Category : Acculturation Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In the United States (US)-Mexico border region there is a disparity in cesarean birth rates among Hispanic women. Hispanic women have higher rates of cesarean birth than their non-Hispanic counterparts despite overall lower US cesarean rates. Cesarean birth is associated with increased complications compared to vaginal birth, putting these women and infants at disproportionate risk. In accordance with the Hispanic Health Paradox, researchers have found that Hispanic women have worse birth outcomes (such as preterm birth) the longer they reside in the US. Very few studies have focused on odds of cesarean birth in relation to acculturation level among Hispanic women. Guided by J.W. Berry’s Theoretical Framework of Acculturation, the aims of this study are to 1) examine the direct effects of cultural and biopsychosocial factors on birth mode in Mexican American women, 2) investigate the degree to which maternal biopsychosocial factors mediate relationships among cultural factors and birth mode, and 3) investigate the moderating effect of healthcare environment (delivery facility) and socioeconomic position (insurance type) on relationships among cultural and biopsychosocial factors and birth mode (cesarean or vaginal). A correlational design was used in this dissertation to complete a secondary analysis of data from a parent study entitled, Psychoneuroimmunology: Preterm birth in Hispanics (2R01NR007891; Principal Investigator [PI] R. Jeanne Ruiz, 2007). Analyses included descriptive statistics, bivariate relationships, multivariable logistic regression, mediation, and moderation analyses. The dissertation study sample included 244 women. After controlling for parity in logistic regression analysis, significant direct relationships remained between acculturative stress, pre-pregnancy BMI, discrimination, and insurance type in relation to birth mode. More Spanish language related acculturative stress, discrimination, and higher BMI increased the odds of cesarean birth. Women who were insured through Children’s Health Insurance Program were more likely to deliver via cesarean than women insured through Medicaid when acculturative stress was included as the predictor variable. There was no evidence of mediation by biopsychosocial factors on the direct relationship between cultural factors and birth mode. Moderation analysis resulted in evidence of one interaction between acculturative stress and birth mode by facility. These results underscore the importance of facility in birth delivery outcomes and support the existing research that suggests acculturation plays a role in birth related outcomes. The fact that only Spanish language related acculturative stress remained significant in regression analysis suggests that acculturation may be affecting birth mode outcomes differently than we have previously thought. Future researchers should continue to investigate stress pathways and focus on qualitative research to gather a better understanding from women themselves about how acculturating and experiencing discrimination affect their birth delivery outcomes.
Author: Elizabeth Jones Spurlock Publisher: ISBN: Category : Acculturation Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
In the United States (US)-Mexico border region there is a disparity in cesarean birth rates among Hispanic women. Hispanic women have higher rates of cesarean birth than their non-Hispanic counterparts despite overall lower US cesarean rates. Cesarean birth is associated with increased complications compared to vaginal birth, putting these women and infants at disproportionate risk. In accordance with the Hispanic Health Paradox, researchers have found that Hispanic women have worse birth outcomes (such as preterm birth) the longer they reside in the US. Very few studies have focused on odds of cesarean birth in relation to acculturation level among Hispanic women. Guided by J.W. Berry’s Theoretical Framework of Acculturation, the aims of this study are to 1) examine the direct effects of cultural and biopsychosocial factors on birth mode in Mexican American women, 2) investigate the degree to which maternal biopsychosocial factors mediate relationships among cultural factors and birth mode, and 3) investigate the moderating effect of healthcare environment (delivery facility) and socioeconomic position (insurance type) on relationships among cultural and biopsychosocial factors and birth mode (cesarean or vaginal). A correlational design was used in this dissertation to complete a secondary analysis of data from a parent study entitled, Psychoneuroimmunology: Preterm birth in Hispanics (2R01NR007891; Principal Investigator [PI] R. Jeanne Ruiz, 2007). Analyses included descriptive statistics, bivariate relationships, multivariable logistic regression, mediation, and moderation analyses. The dissertation study sample included 244 women. After controlling for parity in logistic regression analysis, significant direct relationships remained between acculturative stress, pre-pregnancy BMI, discrimination, and insurance type in relation to birth mode. More Spanish language related acculturative stress, discrimination, and higher BMI increased the odds of cesarean birth. Women who were insured through Children’s Health Insurance Program were more likely to deliver via cesarean than women insured through Medicaid when acculturative stress was included as the predictor variable. There was no evidence of mediation by biopsychosocial factors on the direct relationship between cultural factors and birth mode. Moderation analysis resulted in evidence of one interaction between acculturative stress and birth mode by facility. These results underscore the importance of facility in birth delivery outcomes and support the existing research that suggests acculturation plays a role in birth related outcomes. The fact that only Spanish language related acculturative stress remained significant in regression analysis suggests that acculturation may be affecting birth mode outcomes differently than we have previously thought. Future researchers should continue to investigate stress pathways and focus on qualitative research to gather a better understanding from women themselves about how acculturating and experiencing discrimination affect their birth delivery outcomes.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309669820 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 369
Book Description
The delivery of high quality and equitable care for both mothers and newborns is complex and requires efforts across many sectors. The United States spends more on childbirth than any other country in the world, yet outcomes are worse than other high-resource countries, and even worse for Black and Native American women. There are a variety of factors that influence childbirth, including social determinants such as income, educational levels, access to care, financing, transportation, structural racism and geographic variability in birth settings. It is important to reevaluate the United States' approach to maternal and newborn care through the lens of these factors across multiple disciplines. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice reviews and evaluates maternal and newborn care in the United States, the epidemiology of social and clinical risks in pregnancy and childbirth, birth settings research, and access to and choice of birth settings.
Author: Barbara A. Anderson Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031239695 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
This book uniquely explores American cultural values as a factor in maternal health. It looks beyond the social determinants of health as primarily contributing to the escalating maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States. The United States is an outlier with poor maternal health outcomes and high morbidity/mortality in comparison to other high-resource and many mid-level resource nations. While the social determinants of health identify social and environmental conditions affecting maternal health, they do not answer the broader underlying question of why many American women, in a high-resource environment, experience poor maternal health outcomes. Frequent near-misses, high levels of severe childbearing-related morbidity, and high maternal mortality are comparable to those of lower-resource nations. This book includes contributions from recognized medical and cultural anthropologists, and diverse clinical and public health professionals. The authors examine American patterns of decision-making from the perspectives of intersecting social, cultural, and medical values influencing maternal health outcomes. Using an interdisciplinary critical analysis approach, the work draws upon decision-making theory and life course theory. Topics explored include: Cultural values as a basis for decision-making Social regard for motherhood Immigrants, refugees and undocumented mothers Cultural conflicts and maternal autonomy Health outcomes among justice-involved mothers Maternal Health and American Cultural Values: Beyond the Social Determinants is an essential resource for clinical and public health practitioners and their students, providing a framework for graduate-level courses in public health, the health sciences, women’s studies, and the social sciences. The book also targets anthropologists, sociologists, and women studies scholars seeking to explain the links between American cultural decision-making and health outcomes. Policy-makers, ethicists, journalists, and advocates for reproductive health justice also would find the text a useful resource.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309164818 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 502
Book Description
Hispanics and the Future of America presents details of the complex story of a population that varies in many dimensions, including national origin, immigration status, and generation. The papers in this volume draw on a wide variety of data sources to describe the contours of this population, from the perspectives of history, demography, geography, education, family, employment, economic well-being, health, and political engagement. They provide a rich source of information for researchers, policy makers, and others who want to better understand the fast-growing and diverse population that we call "Hispanic." The current period is a critical one for getting a better understanding of how Hispanics are being shaped by the U.S. experience. This will, in turn, affect the United States and the contours of the Hispanic future remain uncertain. The uncertainties include such issues as whether Hispanics, especially immigrants, improve their educational attainment and fluency in English and thereby improve their economic position; whether growing numbers of foreign-born Hispanics become citizens and achieve empowerment at the ballot box and through elected office; whether impending health problems are successfully averted; and whether Hispanics' geographic dispersal accelerates their spatial and social integration. The papers in this volume provide invaluable information to explore these issues.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309065453 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 673
Book Description
Immigrant children and youth are the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. Children of Immigrants represents some of the very best and most extensive research efforts to date on the circumstances, health, and development of children in immigrant families and the delivery of health and social services to these children and their families. This book presents new, detailed analyses of more than a dozen existing datasets that constitute a large share of the national system for monitoring the health and well-being of the U.S. population. Prior to these new analyses, few of these datasets had been used to assess the circumstances of children in immigrant families. The analyses enormously expand the available knowledge about the physical and mental health status and risk behaviors, educational experiences and outcomes, and socioeconomic and demographic circumstances of first- and second-generation immigrant children, compared with children with U.S.-born parents.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309169054 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
Health Insurance is a Family Matter is the third of a series of six reports on the problems of uninsurance in the United Sates and addresses the impact on the family of not having health insurance. The book demonstrates that having one or more uninsured members in a family can have adverse consequences for everyone in the household and that the financial, physical, and emotional well-being of all members of a family may be adversely affected if any family member lacks coverage. It concludes with the finding that uninsured children have worse access to and use fewer health care services than children with insurance, including important preventive services that can have beneficial long-term effects.
Author: Iliana Rodriguez Warren Publisher: ISBN: Category : Acculturation Languages : en Pages : 82
Book Description
Research has shown there is an association between acculturation and birth outcomes. Women who are more acculturated in the United States have worse birth outcomes than those who are less acculturated. The purpose of this current study was to, first, examine the association between acculturation variables and prenatal care and health behaviors. And second, to examine the moderation effects of family relationships and relationships with focal children’s fathers on the relationships between acculturation and prenatal care and health behaviors. Data from the Baseline surveys of the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study were used. Binary logistic regressions were run to determine the relationships between those variables. Results indicated there was no significant relationship between the acculturation variables and prenatal care; however, increased religious attendance and Spanish as the preferred language were significantly associated with decreased odds that women would engage in risky health behaviors. Binary logistic regressions indicated that neither family support nor relationships with focal children’s fathers significantly moderated the association between the main effects. Additional binary logistic regressions were run to determine if the moderators were significantly associated with prenatal care and/or risky health behaviors. Results show relationships with focal children’s fathers decreased the odds that women would partake in risky health behaviors during pregnancy.
Author: Elizabeth Jones Spurlock
Author: Elizabeth Jones Spurlock
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Iván Alexandre De la Rosa
Author: Barbara A. Anderson
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: Kathleen Laganá (L.)
Author: Kim Gwendolyn Harley
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Iliana Rodriguez Warren