Author: Abdul Malik
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030249034
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 672
Book Description
Food processing is expected to affect content, activity and bioavailability of nutrients; the health-promoting capacity of food products depends on their processing history. Traditional technologies, such as the use of antimicrobials and thermal processing, are efficient in increasing nutritional value to an extent, though they may not be effective at addressing food safety, particularly when it comes to maintaining the food's molecular structure. Modern food processing plants improve the quality of life for people with allergies, diabetics, and others who cannot consume some common food elements. Food processing can also add extra nutrients, such as vitamins. Processed foods are often less susceptible to early spoilage than fresh foods and are better suited for long-distance transportation from the source to the consumer. However, food processing can also decrease the nutritional value of foods and introduce hazards not encountered with naturally occurring products. Processed foods often include food additives, such as flavourings and texture-enhancing agents, which may have little or no nutritive value, and may in fact be unhealthy. This book deals with the subject of food processing in a unique way, providing an overview not only of current techniques in food processing and preservation (i.e., dairy, meat, cereal, vegetables, fruits and juice processing, etc.) but also the health and safety aspects: food technologies that improve nutritional quality of foods, functional foods, and nanotechnology in the food and agriculture industry. The text also looks into the future by defining current bottlenecks and future research goals. This work will serve as a ready reference for the subject matter to students and researchers alike.
Health and Safety Aspects of Food Processing Technologies
Author: Abdul Malik
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030249034
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 672
Book Description
Food processing is expected to affect content, activity and bioavailability of nutrients; the health-promoting capacity of food products depends on their processing history. Traditional technologies, such as the use of antimicrobials and thermal processing, are efficient in increasing nutritional value to an extent, though they may not be effective at addressing food safety, particularly when it comes to maintaining the food's molecular structure. Modern food processing plants improve the quality of life for people with allergies, diabetics, and others who cannot consume some common food elements. Food processing can also add extra nutrients, such as vitamins. Processed foods are often less susceptible to early spoilage than fresh foods and are better suited for long-distance transportation from the source to the consumer. However, food processing can also decrease the nutritional value of foods and introduce hazards not encountered with naturally occurring products. Processed foods often include food additives, such as flavourings and texture-enhancing agents, which may have little or no nutritive value, and may in fact be unhealthy. This book deals with the subject of food processing in a unique way, providing an overview not only of current techniques in food processing and preservation (i.e., dairy, meat, cereal, vegetables, fruits and juice processing, etc.) but also the health and safety aspects: food technologies that improve nutritional quality of foods, functional foods, and nanotechnology in the food and agriculture industry. The text also looks into the future by defining current bottlenecks and future research goals. This work will serve as a ready reference for the subject matter to students and researchers alike.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030249034
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 672
Book Description
Food processing is expected to affect content, activity and bioavailability of nutrients; the health-promoting capacity of food products depends on their processing history. Traditional technologies, such as the use of antimicrobials and thermal processing, are efficient in increasing nutritional value to an extent, though they may not be effective at addressing food safety, particularly when it comes to maintaining the food's molecular structure. Modern food processing plants improve the quality of life for people with allergies, diabetics, and others who cannot consume some common food elements. Food processing can also add extra nutrients, such as vitamins. Processed foods are often less susceptible to early spoilage than fresh foods and are better suited for long-distance transportation from the source to the consumer. However, food processing can also decrease the nutritional value of foods and introduce hazards not encountered with naturally occurring products. Processed foods often include food additives, such as flavourings and texture-enhancing agents, which may have little or no nutritive value, and may in fact be unhealthy. This book deals with the subject of food processing in a unique way, providing an overview not only of current techniques in food processing and preservation (i.e., dairy, meat, cereal, vegetables, fruits and juice processing, etc.) but also the health and safety aspects: food technologies that improve nutritional quality of foods, functional foods, and nanotechnology in the food and agriculture industry. The text also looks into the future by defining current bottlenecks and future research goals. This work will serve as a ready reference for the subject matter to students and researchers alike.
Food Processing Technologies
Author: Amit K. Jaiswal
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315355108
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 560
Book Description
The processing of food generally implies the transformation of the perishable raw food to value-added products. It imparts benefits, such as the destruction of surface microflora, and inactivation of deleterious enzymes, such as peroxidase, leading to a greater shelf life of the food. It also enhances color and texture while maintaining quality of products and makes them edible. However, it also has an inevitable impact on nutritional quality attributes, such as increase or decrease in certain vitamins and bioactive metabolites among others. Food Processing Technologies: Impact on Product Attributes covers a range of food processing technologies and their effect on various food product attributes, such as bioactive compounds, safety, and sensory and nutritional aspects of the food upon processing. There are eight major parts in the book. Part I covers the conventional processing technologies. Parts II, III, IV, and V deal with various novel processing technologies, including impingement processing technologies, electro-magnetic processing technologies, physico-mechanical processing technologies, and electro-technologies. Part VI introduces chemical processing technologies. Part VII comprise irradiation processing technology, and the final part is focused on biological processing technology, detailing the application of enzymes in food processing. Numerous studies were carried out to find the impact of these processing technologies on various aspects of food and associated health promotion properties. Both positive and negative results were obtained based on nature of foods, processing type, and duration of processing, and this book covers these results in depth.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315355108
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 560
Book Description
The processing of food generally implies the transformation of the perishable raw food to value-added products. It imparts benefits, such as the destruction of surface microflora, and inactivation of deleterious enzymes, such as peroxidase, leading to a greater shelf life of the food. It also enhances color and texture while maintaining quality of products and makes them edible. However, it also has an inevitable impact on nutritional quality attributes, such as increase or decrease in certain vitamins and bioactive metabolites among others. Food Processing Technologies: Impact on Product Attributes covers a range of food processing technologies and their effect on various food product attributes, such as bioactive compounds, safety, and sensory and nutritional aspects of the food upon processing. There are eight major parts in the book. Part I covers the conventional processing technologies. Parts II, III, IV, and V deal with various novel processing technologies, including impingement processing technologies, electro-magnetic processing technologies, physico-mechanical processing technologies, and electro-technologies. Part VI introduces chemical processing technologies. Part VII comprise irradiation processing technology, and the final part is focused on biological processing technology, detailing the application of enzymes in food processing. Numerous studies were carried out to find the impact of these processing technologies on various aspects of food and associated health promotion properties. Both positive and negative results were obtained based on nature of foods, processing type, and duration of processing, and this book covers these results in depth.
Ensuring Safe Food
Author: Institute of Medicine and National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173973
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
How safe is our food supply? Each year the media report what appears to be growing concern related to illness caused by the food consumed by Americans. These food borne illnesses are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, pesticide residues, and food additives. Recent actions taken at the federal, state, and local levels in response to the increase in reported incidences of food borne illnesses point to the need to evaluate the food safety system in the United States. This book assesses the effectiveness of the current food safety system and provides recommendations on changes needed to ensure an effective science-based food safety system. Ensuring Safe Food discusses such important issues as: What are the primary hazards associated with the food supply? What gaps exist in the current system for ensuring a safe food supply? What effects do trends in food consumption have on food safety? What is the impact of food preparation and handling practices in the home, in food services, or in production operations on the risk of food borne illnesses? What organizational changes in responsibility or oversight could be made to increase the effectiveness of the food safety system in the United States? Current concerns associated with microbiological, chemical, and physical hazards in the food supply are discussed. The book also considers how changes in technology and food processing might introduce new risks. Recommendations are made on steps for developing a coordinated, unified system for food safety. The book also highlights areas that need additional study. Ensuring Safe Food will be important for policymakers, food trade professionals, food producers, food processors, food researchers, public health professionals, and consumers.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173973
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
How safe is our food supply? Each year the media report what appears to be growing concern related to illness caused by the food consumed by Americans. These food borne illnesses are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, pesticide residues, and food additives. Recent actions taken at the federal, state, and local levels in response to the increase in reported incidences of food borne illnesses point to the need to evaluate the food safety system in the United States. This book assesses the effectiveness of the current food safety system and provides recommendations on changes needed to ensure an effective science-based food safety system. Ensuring Safe Food discusses such important issues as: What are the primary hazards associated with the food supply? What gaps exist in the current system for ensuring a safe food supply? What effects do trends in food consumption have on food safety? What is the impact of food preparation and handling practices in the home, in food services, or in production operations on the risk of food borne illnesses? What organizational changes in responsibility or oversight could be made to increase the effectiveness of the food safety system in the United States? Current concerns associated with microbiological, chemical, and physical hazards in the food supply are discussed. The book also considers how changes in technology and food processing might introduce new risks. Recommendations are made on steps for developing a coordinated, unified system for food safety. The book also highlights areas that need additional study. Ensuring Safe Food will be important for policymakers, food trade professionals, food producers, food processors, food researchers, public health professionals, and consumers.
Food Safety and Human Health
Author: Ram Lakhan Singh
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128163348
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 405
Book Description
Despite advances in hygiene, food treatment, and food processing, diseases caused by foodborne pathogens continue to constitute a worldwide public health concern. Ensuring food safety to protect public health remains a significant challenge in both developing and developed nations. Food Safety and Human Health provides a framework to manage food safety risks and assure a safe food system. Political, economic, and ecological changes have led to the re-emergence of many foodborne pathogens. The globalization of food markets, for example, has increased the challenge to manage the microbial risks. This reference will help to identify potential new approaches in the development of new microbiologically safe foods that will aid in preventing food borne illness outbreaks and provides the basic principles of food toxicology, food processing, and food safety. Food Safety and Human Health is an essential resource to help students, researchers, and industry professionals understand and address day-to-day problems regarding food contamination and safety. - Encompasses the first pedagogic treatment of the entire range of toxic compounds found naturally in foods or introduced by industrial contaminatio - Identifies areas of vital concern to consumers, such as toxicological implications of food, and human health implications of food processing - Focuses on safety aspects of genetically modified foods and the range of processing techniques along with the important food safety laws
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128163348
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 405
Book Description
Despite advances in hygiene, food treatment, and food processing, diseases caused by foodborne pathogens continue to constitute a worldwide public health concern. Ensuring food safety to protect public health remains a significant challenge in both developing and developed nations. Food Safety and Human Health provides a framework to manage food safety risks and assure a safe food system. Political, economic, and ecological changes have led to the re-emergence of many foodborne pathogens. The globalization of food markets, for example, has increased the challenge to manage the microbial risks. This reference will help to identify potential new approaches in the development of new microbiologically safe foods that will aid in preventing food borne illness outbreaks and provides the basic principles of food toxicology, food processing, and food safety. Food Safety and Human Health is an essential resource to help students, researchers, and industry professionals understand and address day-to-day problems regarding food contamination and safety. - Encompasses the first pedagogic treatment of the entire range of toxic compounds found naturally in foods or introduced by industrial contaminatio - Identifies areas of vital concern to consumers, such as toxicological implications of food, and human health implications of food processing - Focuses on safety aspects of genetically modified foods and the range of processing techniques along with the important food safety laws
Innovative Food Processing Technologies
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128157828
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2482
Book Description
Food process engineering, a branch of both food science and chemical engineering, has evolved over the years since its inception and still is a rapidly changing discipline. While traditionally the main objective of food process engineering was preservation and stabilization, the focus today has shifted to enhance health aspects, flavour and taste, nutrition, sustainable production, food security and also to ensure more diversity for the increasing demand of consumers. The food industry is becoming increasingly competitive and dynamic, and strives to develop high quality, freshly prepared food products. To achieve this objective, food manufacturers are today presented with a growing array of new technologies that have the potential to improve, or replace, conventional processing technologies, to deliver higher quality and better consumer targeted food products, which meet many, if not all, of the demands of the modern consumer. These new, or innovative, technologies are in various stages of development, including some still at the R&D stage, and others that have been commercialised as alternatives to conventional processing technologies. Food process engineering comprises a series of unit operations traditionally applied in the food industry. One major component of these operations relates to the application of heat, directly or indirectly, to provide foods free from pathogenic microorganisms, but also to enhance or intensify other processes, such as extraction, separation or modification of components. The last three decades have also witnessed the advent and adaptation of several operations, processes, and techniques aimed at producing high quality foods, with minimum alteration of sensory and nutritive properties. Some of these innovative technologies have significantly reduced the thermal component in food processing, offering alternative nonthermal methods. Food Processing Technologies: A Comprehensive Review, Three Volume Set covers the latest advances in innovative and nonthermal processing, such as high pressure, pulsed electric fields, radiofrequency, high intensity pulsed light, ultrasound, irradiation and new hurdle technology. Each section will have an introductory article covering the basic principles and applications of each technology, and in-depth articles covering the currently available equipment (and/or the current state of development), food quality and safety, application to various sectors, food laws and regulations, consumer acceptance, advancements and future scope. It will also contain case studies and examples to illustrate state-of-the-art applications. Each section will serve as an excellent reference to food industry professionals involved in the processing of a wide range of food categories, e.g., meat, seafood, beverage, dairy, eggs, fruits and vegetable products, spices, herbs among others.
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128157828
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 2482
Book Description
Food process engineering, a branch of both food science and chemical engineering, has evolved over the years since its inception and still is a rapidly changing discipline. While traditionally the main objective of food process engineering was preservation and stabilization, the focus today has shifted to enhance health aspects, flavour and taste, nutrition, sustainable production, food security and also to ensure more diversity for the increasing demand of consumers. The food industry is becoming increasingly competitive and dynamic, and strives to develop high quality, freshly prepared food products. To achieve this objective, food manufacturers are today presented with a growing array of new technologies that have the potential to improve, or replace, conventional processing technologies, to deliver higher quality and better consumer targeted food products, which meet many, if not all, of the demands of the modern consumer. These new, or innovative, technologies are in various stages of development, including some still at the R&D stage, and others that have been commercialised as alternatives to conventional processing technologies. Food process engineering comprises a series of unit operations traditionally applied in the food industry. One major component of these operations relates to the application of heat, directly or indirectly, to provide foods free from pathogenic microorganisms, but also to enhance or intensify other processes, such as extraction, separation or modification of components. The last three decades have also witnessed the advent and adaptation of several operations, processes, and techniques aimed at producing high quality foods, with minimum alteration of sensory and nutritive properties. Some of these innovative technologies have significantly reduced the thermal component in food processing, offering alternative nonthermal methods. Food Processing Technologies: A Comprehensive Review, Three Volume Set covers the latest advances in innovative and nonthermal processing, such as high pressure, pulsed electric fields, radiofrequency, high intensity pulsed light, ultrasound, irradiation and new hurdle technology. Each section will have an introductory article covering the basic principles and applications of each technology, and in-depth articles covering the currently available equipment (and/or the current state of development), food quality and safety, application to various sectors, food laws and regulations, consumer acceptance, advancements and future scope. It will also contain case studies and examples to illustrate state-of-the-art applications. Each section will serve as an excellent reference to food industry professionals involved in the processing of a wide range of food categories, e.g., meat, seafood, beverage, dairy, eggs, fruits and vegetable products, spices, herbs among others.
Handbook of Research on Food Processing and Preservation Technologies
Author: Megh R. Goyal
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000353648
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Handbook of Research on Food Processing and Preservation Technologies will be a 5-volume collection that attempts to illustrate various design, development, and applications of novel and innovative strategies for food processing and preservation. The role and applications of minimal processing techniques (such as ozone treatment, vacuum drying, osmotic dehydration, dense phase carbon dioxide treatment, pulsed electric field, and high-pressure assisted freezing) are also discussed, along with a wide range of applications. The handbook also explores some exciting computer-aided techniques emerging in the food processing sector, such as robotics, radio frequency identification (RFID), three-dimensional food printing, artificial intelligence, etc. Some emphasis has also been given on nondestructive quality evaluation techniques (such as image processing, terahertz spectroscopy imaging technique, near infrared, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique, etc.) for food quality and safety evaluation. The significant roles of food properties in the design of specific foods and edible films have been elucidated as well. The first volume in this set, Nonthermal and Innovative Food Processing Methods, provides a detailed discussion of many nonthermal food process techniques. These include high-pressure processing, ultraviolet light technology, microwave-assisted extraction, high pressure assisted freezing, microencapsulation, dense phase carbon dioxide aided preservation, to name a few. The volume is a treasure house of valuable information and will be an excellent reference for researchers, scientists, students, growers, traders, processors, industries, and others.
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000353648
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 322
Book Description
Handbook of Research on Food Processing and Preservation Technologies will be a 5-volume collection that attempts to illustrate various design, development, and applications of novel and innovative strategies for food processing and preservation. The role and applications of minimal processing techniques (such as ozone treatment, vacuum drying, osmotic dehydration, dense phase carbon dioxide treatment, pulsed electric field, and high-pressure assisted freezing) are also discussed, along with a wide range of applications. The handbook also explores some exciting computer-aided techniques emerging in the food processing sector, such as robotics, radio frequency identification (RFID), three-dimensional food printing, artificial intelligence, etc. Some emphasis has also been given on nondestructive quality evaluation techniques (such as image processing, terahertz spectroscopy imaging technique, near infrared, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique, etc.) for food quality and safety evaluation. The significant roles of food properties in the design of specific foods and edible films have been elucidated as well. The first volume in this set, Nonthermal and Innovative Food Processing Methods, provides a detailed discussion of many nonthermal food process techniques. These include high-pressure processing, ultraviolet light technology, microwave-assisted extraction, high pressure assisted freezing, microencapsulation, dense phase carbon dioxide aided preservation, to name a few. The volume is a treasure house of valuable information and will be an excellent reference for researchers, scientists, students, growers, traders, processors, industries, and others.
Microbial Biotechnology in the Food Industry
Author: Faizan Ahmad
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031514173
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Book Description
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031514173
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 500
Book Description
Food Processing for Increased Quality and Consumption
Author: Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128114991
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 526
Book Description
Food Processing for Increased Quality and Consumption, Volume 18 in the Handbook of Food Bioengineering series, offers an updated perspective on the novel technologies utilized in food processing. This resource highlights their impact on health, industry and food bioengineering, also emphasizing the newest aspects of investigated technologies and specific food products through recently developed processing methods. As processed foods are more frequently consumed, there is increased demand to produce foods that attract people based on individual preferences, such as taste, texture or nutritional value. This book provides advantageous tools that improve food quality, preservation and aesthetics. - Examines different frying techniques, dielectric defrosting, high pressure processing, and more - Provides techniques to improve the quality and sensory aspects of foods - Includes processing techniques for meat, fish, fruit, alcohol, yogurt and whey - Outlines techniques for fresh, cured and frozen foods - Presents processing methods to improve the nutritional value of foods
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128114991
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 526
Book Description
Food Processing for Increased Quality and Consumption, Volume 18 in the Handbook of Food Bioengineering series, offers an updated perspective on the novel technologies utilized in food processing. This resource highlights their impact on health, industry and food bioengineering, also emphasizing the newest aspects of investigated technologies and specific food products through recently developed processing methods. As processed foods are more frequently consumed, there is increased demand to produce foods that attract people based on individual preferences, such as taste, texture or nutritional value. This book provides advantageous tools that improve food quality, preservation and aesthetics. - Examines different frying techniques, dielectric defrosting, high pressure processing, and more - Provides techniques to improve the quality and sensory aspects of foods - Includes processing techniques for meat, fish, fruit, alcohol, yogurt and whey - Outlines techniques for fresh, cured and frozen foods - Presents processing methods to improve the nutritional value of foods
Food Preservation and Safety of Natural Products
Author: Helen N. Onyeaka
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323857019
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Book Description
Food Preservation and Safety of Natural Products addresses the most common causes of food spoilage that create significant loss to global food production while also discussing how food serves as a vehicle for the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms responsible for mild to debilitating health conditions in humans. The book provides essential information for food safety professionals on issues relating to foodborne diseases and offers potential solutions by presenting various methods of incorporating natural products in food production to prevent the spread of foodborne pathogenic organisms. The demand for green consumerism and consumers general distaste for synthetic food additives poses a serious challenge to food safety and preservation. Natural products are used as green and sustainable source of bioactive compounds that can be applied in various fields including food. The use of plant and other natural products in food preservation is on the rise, hence this book reviews microbial mediated food spoilage, foodborne pathogens and food contamination and offers applications of natural products in food preservation. - Provides important information on microbial metabolic by-products (natural enzymatic processes) to prevent food spoilage or deterioration - Includes molecular techniques for antimicrobial and antioxidant applications in food, food packaging and edible films - Presents the latest evidence-based science on the natural products used as additives in food
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323857019
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 274
Book Description
Food Preservation and Safety of Natural Products addresses the most common causes of food spoilage that create significant loss to global food production while also discussing how food serves as a vehicle for the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms responsible for mild to debilitating health conditions in humans. The book provides essential information for food safety professionals on issues relating to foodborne diseases and offers potential solutions by presenting various methods of incorporating natural products in food production to prevent the spread of foodborne pathogenic organisms. The demand for green consumerism and consumers general distaste for synthetic food additives poses a serious challenge to food safety and preservation. Natural products are used as green and sustainable source of bioactive compounds that can be applied in various fields including food. The use of plant and other natural products in food preservation is on the rise, hence this book reviews microbial mediated food spoilage, foodborne pathogens and food contamination and offers applications of natural products in food preservation. - Provides important information on microbial metabolic by-products (natural enzymatic processes) to prevent food spoilage or deterioration - Includes molecular techniques for antimicrobial and antioxidant applications in food, food packaging and edible films - Presents the latest evidence-based science on the natural products used as additives in food
Present Knowledge in Food Safety
Author: Michael E. Knowles
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128231548
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1190
Book Description
Present Knowledge in Food Safety: A Risk-Based Approach Through the Food Chain presents approaches for exposure-led risk assessment and the management of changes in the chemical, pathogenic microbiological and physical (radioactivity) contamination of 'food' at all key stages of production, from farm to consumption. This single volume resource introduces scientific advances at all stages of the production to improve reliability, predictability and relevance of food safety assessments for the protection of public health. This book is aimed at a diverse audience, including graduate and post-graduate students in food science, toxicology, microbiology, medicine, public health, and related fields. The book's reach also includes government agencies, industrial scientists, and policymakers involved in food risk analysis. - Includes new technologies such as nanotechnology, genetic modification, and cloning - Provides information on advances in pathogen risk assessment through novel and real-time molecular biological techniques, biomarkers, resistance measurement, and cell-to-cell communication in the gut - Covers the role of the microbiome and the use of surrogates (especially for viruses)
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128231548
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1190
Book Description
Present Knowledge in Food Safety: A Risk-Based Approach Through the Food Chain presents approaches for exposure-led risk assessment and the management of changes in the chemical, pathogenic microbiological and physical (radioactivity) contamination of 'food' at all key stages of production, from farm to consumption. This single volume resource introduces scientific advances at all stages of the production to improve reliability, predictability and relevance of food safety assessments for the protection of public health. This book is aimed at a diverse audience, including graduate and post-graduate students in food science, toxicology, microbiology, medicine, public health, and related fields. The book's reach also includes government agencies, industrial scientists, and policymakers involved in food risk analysis. - Includes new technologies such as nanotechnology, genetic modification, and cloning - Provides information on advances in pathogen risk assessment through novel and real-time molecular biological techniques, biomarkers, resistance measurement, and cell-to-cell communication in the gut - Covers the role of the microbiome and the use of surrogates (especially for viruses)