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Author: Shigeo Nishimura Publisher: Wiley-Interscience ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 728
Book Description
A complete guide to the most important reduction method in organic synthesis The most comprehensive reference in the field, Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation for Organic Synthesis provides synthetic chemists and chemical engineers in fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals with detailed experimental guidelines for heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation. Organized by functional groups for ready reference and featuring detailed examples of hundreds of reactions, this handbook covers hydrogenations of alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes and ketones, nitriles, imines, nitro and nitroso compounds, carboxylic acids and esters, and aromatic and heterocyclic compounds. In addition, coverage includes the preparation of amines by reductive alkylation and the hydrogenolysis of a variety of compounds. Examples of hydrogenation of functional groups and reaction pathways are illustrated with numerous equations and schemes. Practitioners will appreciate the plenitude of experimental details given for most of the reactions selected, including amounts of reagents and catalysts, reaction temperatures, hydrogen pressures, and reaction times. They will also find helpful the more than one hundred tables included throughout the book detailing the effects of key factors governing rate and selectivity, such as compound structure, the nature of catalysts and supports, and the nature of solvents. Researchers will benefit from the introductory chapters covering an array of hydrogenation catalysts, including nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, platinum group metals, rhenium, and other oxide and sulfide catalysts, as well as reactors and reaction conditions.
Author: Shigeo Nishimura Publisher: Wiley-Interscience ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 728
Book Description
A complete guide to the most important reduction method in organic synthesis The most comprehensive reference in the field, Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation for Organic Synthesis provides synthetic chemists and chemical engineers in fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals with detailed experimental guidelines for heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation. Organized by functional groups for ready reference and featuring detailed examples of hundreds of reactions, this handbook covers hydrogenations of alkenes, alkynes, aldehydes and ketones, nitriles, imines, nitro and nitroso compounds, carboxylic acids and esters, and aromatic and heterocyclic compounds. In addition, coverage includes the preparation of amines by reductive alkylation and the hydrogenolysis of a variety of compounds. Examples of hydrogenation of functional groups and reaction pathways are illustrated with numerous equations and schemes. Practitioners will appreciate the plenitude of experimental details given for most of the reactions selected, including amounts of reagents and catalysts, reaction temperatures, hydrogen pressures, and reaction times. They will also find helpful the more than one hundred tables included throughout the book detailing the effects of key factors governing rate and selectivity, such as compound structure, the nature of catalysts and supports, and the nature of solvents. Researchers will benefit from the introductory chapters covering an array of hydrogenation catalysts, including nickel, cobalt, copper, iron, platinum group metals, rhenium, and other oxide and sulfide catalysts, as well as reactors and reaction conditions.
Author: Rylander Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323138535 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Syntheses focuses on the process of catalytic hydrogenation in organic synthesis. This book gives the reader easy access to catalytic history, to show what can be done and how to do it. A variety of working generalities and common sense guides are given as aids in selecting catalytic metal, catalyst support, concentration of metal and catalyst, solvent, and reaction conditions. All manner of hydrogenation catalysts are considered and mechanisms of hydrogenation are presented at a level that is useful to the synthetic organic chemist. This volume is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with an overview of catalytic hydrogenation and heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts, along with hydrogenation reactors and reaction conditions. The discussion then shifts to the hydrogenation of compounds such as acetylenes, olefins, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, oximes, acids, esters, lactones, anhydrides, and nitro compounds as well as carbocyclic aromatics and heterocyclic compounds. The reader is also introduced to reductive alkylation, catalytic dehydrohalogenation, and hydrogenolysis of small rings. A chapter on miscellaneous hydrogenolyses concludes the book. This book will be of interest to organic chemists working in the field of catalytic hydrogenation.
Author: Gerard V. Smith Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 008052480X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 363
Book Description
The features of this book which will be of special interest to academic organic chemists are the introduction (Chapter 1), which presents a short course on the concepts and language of heterogeneous catalysis, covers organic reaction mechanisms of hydrogenation (Chapter 2), hydrogenolysis (Chapter 4), and oxidation (Chapter 6), a presents problems and solutions specific for running heterogeneous catalytic organic reactions in solution. These materials can supplement advanced chemistry courses. Most synthetic organic chemists use a variety of "protecting groups" which they attach to functional groups (reactive groups of atoms) while some reaction is being conducted on another part of the molecule. These protecting groups prevent reactions of the functional groups during other reactions and are removed later by a heterogeneous catalytic method called hydrogenolysis. One unique feature of this book, not found in other books on catalysis, is an exhaustive chapter (Chapter 4) on hydrogenolysis, which is dredged from the recent synthetic literature published by modern organic chemists. Academic organic chemists should find this chapter extremely useful and may wish to adopt the book as a supplement for advanced organic chemistry courses designed for seniors and for graduate students. It will also be useful for professors and their research groups engaged in synthetic organic chemistry. Many academic organic chemists are not aware of recent advances in heterogeneous enantioselective catalysis (Chapter 3) or in selective low temperature, liquid phase heterogeneous catalytic oxidations by hydrogen peroxide (Chapter 6). These specialty topics are timely and may be new to academic organic chemists and can be used to supplement their advanced courses. Several features of this book will also be of special interest to industrial chemists who are unfamiliar with heterogeneous catalysis. Many good organic chemists are hire by industry. They synthesize a new compound using standard organic synthetic techniques but are informed by their supervisor that they must convert some of their synthetic steps into heterogeneous catalytic steps. They may not have been exposed to heterogeneous catalysis and have few places to turn. This book offers them a crash course in heterogeneous catalysis as well as many examples of reactions and conditions with which they can start their search. Those industrial organic chemists already familiar with heterogeneous catalysis will find this book useful as a reference to many examples in the recent literature. They will find recent surface science discoveries correlated with heterogeneous catalysis or organic reactions and mechanistic suggestions designed to stimulate innovative nontraditional thinking about organic reactions on surfaces. Written by organic chemists for organic chemists Introduces heterogeneous catalysis concepts and language Presents a comprehensive compilation of protecting group removal procedures Covers liquid-phase hydrogenations, hydrogenolysis, and oxidations Addresses heterogeneous methods for producing pure enantiomers of chiral products Examines the emerging field of heterogenized homogeneous catalysts Mixes practical applications with mechanistic interpretations
Author: Bela Torok Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128178264 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 678
Book Description
Heterogeneous Catalysis in Sustainable Synthesis is a practical guide to the use of solid catalysts in synthetic chemistry that focuses on environmentally benign applications. Collating essential information on solid catalysts into a single volume, it reveals how the efficient use of heterogeneous catalysts in synthetic chemistry can support sustainable applications. Beginning with a review of the fundamentals of heterogeneous catalytic synthesis, the book then explores the basic concepts of heterogeneous catalytic reactions from adsorption to catalyst poisons, the use of non-traditional activation methods, recommended solvents, the major types of both metal and non-metal solid catalysts, and applications of these catalysts in sustainable synthesis. Based on the extensive experience of its expert author, this book aims to encourage and support synthetic chemists in using solid catalysts in their own work, while also highlighting the important link between heterogeneous catalysis and sustainability to all those interested. Combines foundational knowledge with a focus on practical applications Organizes information by reaction type, allowing readers to easily find examples of how to carry out specific reaction types with solid catalysts Highlights emerging areas such as nanoparticle catalysis and metal-organic framework (MOF) based catalysts
Author: Morris Freifelder Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
Based on over 22 years of experience, this book presents a substantial accumulation of knowledge. Clearly and understandably written, it gives detailed descriptions of many experiments, providing step-by-step procedures along with personal notes and observations, directions, suggestions, and safety precautions. The yields obtained in these experiments are good to excellent, and most of the hydrogenations discussed are carried out under very mild conditions.
Author: S. David Jackson Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110543753 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 203
Book Description
This book gives a comprehensive overview of modern hydrogenation methods used in organic synthesis. In clearly structured chapters, the authors cover the catalysts, scope and limitations of their application, and the techniques for hydrogenation of carbon-carbon, carbon-heteroatom and heteroatom-heteroatom multiple bonds.
Author: Robert L. Augustine Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000105008 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 668
Book Description
This work delineates the effect of different reaction variables on the outcome of heterogeneously catalyzed reactions, and explains how to optimize the product yield of specific compounds. Metal catalysis, simple and complex oxides, zeolites and clays are discussed, both as catalysts and as potential supports for catalytically active metals.
Author: F.J. McQuillin Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401018782 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 141
Book Description
Organic chemistry is constantly concerned with effecting reactions at a particular centre in a complex molecule, and if possible with a high and predictable level of stereoselectivity. In the light of much accumulated ex perience within organic chemistry it is usually possible to assess the likeli hood of alternative reaction pathways at least qualitatively. However, well based expectations can be falsified, and the experiments directed to the synthesis of vitamin B12 which led to Woodward's recognition of orbital symmetry control in organic chemistry are an instructive example. Our limi tations in this respect are very much accentuated in the case of hetero geneous reactions, which present additional problems, and except for very well studied instances, heterogeneous catalysis has remained a relatively empirical area of chemistry. Knowledge in this area has, however, been greatly improved by the development of transition metal complexes which replicate the catalytic properties of the metals, and are effective in a homo geneous reaction system. This development has advanced our understanding of catalysis by making it possible to interpret reactions in strictly molecular terms. In addition, these homogeneously active complexes are frequently more selective than their heterogeneous metallic counterparts either in discriminating between different functional centres in a molecule or in of fering better stereoselectivity. Homogeneous catalysts have now been devised for a number of organic chemical reactions, including hydrogenation, carbonylation, polymerisa tion, and isomerisation and dismutation of alkenes.
Author: Kuiling Ding Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527319131 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 467
Book Description
In this most up-to-date handbook each chapter contains a general introduction, followed by the principles of the immobilization and, finally, applications. In this way, it covers the most important approaches currently employed for the heterogenization of chiral catalysts, including data tables, applications, reaction types and literature citations. For chemists in both academia and industry as well as those working in the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industry.
Author: L. Cervený Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080960618 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 705
Book Description
The collection of contributions in this volume presents the most up-to-date findings in catalytic hydrogenation. The individual chapters have been written by 36 top specialists each of whom has achieved a remarkable depth of coverage when dealing with his particular topic. In addition to detailed treatment of the most recent problems connected with catalytic hydrogenations, the book also contains a number of previously unpublished results obtained either by the authors themselves or within the organizations to which they are affiliated.Because of its topical and original character, the book provides a wealth of information which will be invaluable not only to researchers and technicians dealing with hydrogenation, but also to all those concerned with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, organic technology, petrochemistry and chemical engineering.
Author: Shigeo Nishimura
Author: Shigeo Nishimura
Author: Rylander
Author: Gerard V. Smith
Author: Bela Torok
Author: Morris Freifelder
Author: S. David Jackson
Author: Robert L. Augustine
Author: F.J. McQuillin
Author: Kuiling Ding
Author: L. Cervený