Handbook of Applied Health Economics in Vaccines PDF Download

Author: David Bishai
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192896083
Category : Medical economics
Languages : en
Pages : 449

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Book Description
Applying economics to vaccine delivery can save money and lives. With better analytical knowledge and better skills in decision-analysis, decision makers can improve vaccination program sustainability, efficiency, and financial predictability, leading to overall improvement in health system allocative efficiency. This handbook is a practical and accessible guide to the theory, methods, and research of health economics applied to immunization, and an essential and timely addition to the series of Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation. By bringing these principles of vaccines and economics together, it is a valuable resource for public health workers, healthcare practitioners, educators, students, researchers, decision makers, and all those working in the immunization field. The handbook guides readers through this critical subject, whether they are already versed in economics or new to the subject. The handbook includes practical examples relevant to high-, middle-, and low-income settings. It offers background information on vaccines and the vaccine landscape, with relevant reviews of vaccine financing, vaccine adoption, and scaling up vaccine delivery. The handbook's main chapters are on principles, costing, economic evaluation, advanced methods, and financing and resource tracking. Summarizing both theory and applications, it is suitable for self-learning and for training and courses. Links to online exercises and resources will help readers learn and apply key insights.

Author: Rhiannon Tudor Edwards
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191057231
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 351

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Book Description
In today's world of scare resources, determining the optimal allocation of funds to preventive health care interventions (PHIs) is a challenge. The upfront investments needed must be viewed as long term projects, the benefits of which we will experience in the future. The long term positive change to PHIs from economic investment can be seen across multiple sectors such as health care, education, employment and beyond. Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research is the fifth in the series of Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation. It presents new research on health economics methodology and application to the evaluation of public health interventions. Looking at traditional as well as novel methods of economic evaluation, the book covers the history of economics of public health and the economic rationale for government investment in prevention. In addition, it looks at principles of health economics, evidence synthesis, key methods of economic evaluation with accompanying case studies, and much more. Looking to the future, Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research presents priorities for research in the field of public health economics. It acknowledges the role played by natural environment in promoting better health, and the place of genetics, environment and socioeconomic status in determining population health. Ideal for health economists, public health researchers, local government workers, health care professionals, and those responsible for health policy development. Applied Health Economics for Public Health Practice and Research is an important contribution to the economic discussion of public health and resource allocation.

Author: Alastair Gray
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199227284
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 326

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Book Description
This book provides the reader with a comprehensive set of instructions and examples of how to perform an economic evaluation of a health intervention, focusing solely on cost-effectiveness analysis in healthcare.

Author: Patricia M. Danzon
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199909261
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 618

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Book Description
The biopharmaceutical industry has been a major driver of technological change in health care, producing unprecedented benefits for patients, cost challenges for payers, and profits for shareholders. As consumers and companies benefit from access to new drugs, policymakers around the globe seek mechanisms to control prices and expenditures commensurate with value. More recently the 1990s productivity boom of new products has turned into a productivity bust, with fewer and more modest innovations, and flat or declining revenues for innovative firms as generics replace their former blockbuster products. This timely volume examines the economics of the biopharmaceutical industry, with eighteen chapters by leading academic health economists. Part one examines the economics of biopharmaceutical innovation including determinants of the costs and returns to new drug development; how capital markets finance R&D and how costs of financing the biopharmaceutical industry compare to financing costs for other industries; the effects of safety and efficacy regulation by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and of price and reimbursement regulation on incentives for innovation; and the role of patents and regulatory exclusivities. Part two examines the market for biopharmaceuticals with chapters on prices and reimbursement in the US, the EU, and other industrialized countries, and in developing countries. It looks at the optimal design of insurance for drugs and the effects of cost sharing on spending and on health outcomes; how to measure the value of pharmaceuticals using pharmacoeconomics, including theory, practical challenges, and policy issues; how to measure pharmaceutical price growth over time and recent evidence; empirical evidence on the value of pharmaceuticals in terms of health outcomes; promotion of pharmaceuticals to physicians and consumers; the economics of vaccines; and a review of the evidence on effects of mergers, acquisitions and alliances. Each chapter summarizes the latest insights from theory and recent empirical evidence, and outlines important unanswered questions and areas for future research. Based on solid economics, it is nevertheless written in terms accessible to the general reader. The book is thus recommended reading for academic economists and non-economists, and for those in industry and policy who wish to understand the economics of this fascinating industry.

Author: Andrew Briggs
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191004952
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 269

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Book Description
In financially constrained health systems across the world, increasing emphasis is being placed on the ability to demonstrate that health care interventions are not only effective, but also cost-effective. This book deals with decision modelling techniques that can be used to estimate the value for money of various interventions including medical devices, surgical procedures, diagnostic technologies, and pharmaceuticals. Particular emphasis is placed on the importance of the appropriate representation of uncertainty in the evaluative process and the implication this uncertainty has for decision making and the need for future research. This highly practical guide takes the reader through the key principles and approaches of modelling techniques. It begins with the basics of constructing different forms of the model, the population of the model with input parameter estimates, analysis of the results, and progression to the holistic view of models as a valuable tool for informing future research exercises. Case studies and exercises are supported with online templates and solutions. This book will help analysts understand the contribution of decision-analytic modelling to the evaluation of health care programmes. ABOUT THE SERIES: Economic evaluation of health interventions is a growing specialist field, and this series of practical handbooks will tackle, in-depth, topics superficially addressed in more general health economics books. Each volume will include illustrative material, case histories and worked examples to encourage the reader to apply the methods discussed, with supporting material provided online. This series is aimed at health economists in academia, the pharmaceutical industry and the health sector, those on advanced health economics courses, and health researchers in associated fields.

Author: Jan Abel Olsen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198794835
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 289

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Book Description
Examining the different structures and techniques involved in making decisions about who benefits from those health care resources available in a publicly funded system, this title provides a concise and compact introduction to health economics and policy

Author: Richard Cookson
Publisher: Handbooks in Health Economic Evaluation
ISBN: 0198838190
Category : Medical care
Languages : en
Pages : 385

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Book Description
Health inequalities blight lives, generate enormous costs, and exist everywhere. This book is the definitive all-in-one guide for anyone who wishes to learn about, commission, and use distributional cost-effectiveness analysis to promote both equity and efficiency in health and healthcare.

Author: Henry A. Glick
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191508055
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 265

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Book Description
It is becoming increasingly important to examine the relationship between the outcomes of a clinical trial and the costs of the medical therapy under study. The results of such analysis can affect reimbursement decisions for new medical technologies, drugs, devices or diagnostics. It can aid companies seeking to make claims about the cost-effectiveness of their product, as well as allowing early consideration of the economic value of therapies which may be important to improving initial adoption decisions. It is also vital for addressing the requirements of regulatory bodies. Economic Evaluation in Clinical Trials provides practical advice on how to conduct cost-effectiveness analyses in controlled trials of medical therapies. This new edition has been extensively rewritten and revised; topics discussed range from design issues such as the types of services that should be measured and price weights, to assessment of quality-adjusted life years. Illustrative materials, case histories and worked examples are included to encourage the reader to apply the methods discussed. These exercises are supported with datasets, programmes and solutions made available online.

Author: David Bishai
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780191918544
Category : Medical economics
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Vaccine discovery, financing, and distribution offer technical challenges requiring difficult choices. Patients, parents, providers, and politicians all must decide about who, when, where to vaccinate. Billions if not trillions of dollars and millions of lives depend on getting these choices right. Economics, the science of choice under uncertainty, can help clarify the principles for these choices. Yet standard economics models do not apply to most vaccines because they are a commodity offering both private benefit and risk as well as population level benefits through herd immunity. The book explains the vaccine development and financing landscape and the principles that invalidate standard market-based approaches to vaccine discovery and distribution based on free unregulated markets. Because government involvement in vaccine policy is universal, tools to determine costs and benefits of vaccination from various perspectives are explained and illustrated with exercises. The applications of economic evaluation to vaccines are presented with a range of sophistication from simple static models to advanced stochastic Markov models with dynamic effects of secondary disease transmission. Finally the book covers the need to plan and provide for public and private financing for vaccine discovery, production, and distribution. Throughout the book there is a focus on showing the benefits as well as the limitations of an exclusive focus on economic efficiency. Applied exercises help readers immediately begin to apply principles to typical problems facing decision-makers.

Author: Wendy Ungar
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 9780199547494
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Guidelines for conducting health economic evaluations have become increasingly standardized, however they don't address the unique concerns of the paediatric population. This is the first textbook to address economic evaluation in child health.