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Author: Edward Ramsden Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080523749 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
Without sensors most electronic applications would not exist—sensors perform a vital function, namely providing an interface to the real world. Hall effect sensors, based on a magnetic phenomena, are one of the most commonly used sensing technologies today. In the 1970s it became possible to build Hall effect sensors on integrated circuits with onboard signal processing circuitry, vastly reducing the cost and enabling widespread practical use. One of the first major applications was in computer keyboards, replacing mechanical contacts. Hundreds of millions of these devices are now manufactured each year for use in a great variety of applications, including automobiles, computers, industrial control systems, cell phones, and many others. The importance of these sensors, however, contrasts with the limited information available. Many recent advances in miniaturization, smart sensor configurations, and networkable sensor technology have led to design changes and a need for reliable information. Most of the technical information on Hall effect sensors is supplied by sensor manufacturers and is slanted toward a particular product line. System design and control engineers need an independent, readable source of practical design information and technical details that is not product- or manufacturer-specific and that shows how Hall effect sensors work, how to interface to them, and how to apply them in a variety of uses. This book covers:• the physics behind Hall effect sensors• Hall effect transducers• transducer interfacing• integrated Hall effect sensors and how to interface to them• sensing techniques using Hall effect sensors• application-specific sensor ICs• relevant development and design toolsThis second edition is expanded and updated to reflect the latest advances in Hall effect devices and applications! Information about various sensor technologies is scarce, scattered and hard to locate. Most of it is either too theoretical for working engineers, or is manufacturer literature that can’t be entirely trusted. Engineers and engineering managers need a comprehensive, up-to-date, and accurate reference to use when scoping out their designs incorporating Hall effect sensors. * A comprehensive, up-to-date reference to use when crafting all kinds of designs with Hall effect sensors*Replaces other information about sensors that is too theoretical, too biased toward one particular manufacturer, or too difficult to locate*Highly respected and influential author in the burgeoning sensors community
Author: Edward Ramsden Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080523749 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 265
Book Description
Without sensors most electronic applications would not exist—sensors perform a vital function, namely providing an interface to the real world. Hall effect sensors, based on a magnetic phenomena, are one of the most commonly used sensing technologies today. In the 1970s it became possible to build Hall effect sensors on integrated circuits with onboard signal processing circuitry, vastly reducing the cost and enabling widespread practical use. One of the first major applications was in computer keyboards, replacing mechanical contacts. Hundreds of millions of these devices are now manufactured each year for use in a great variety of applications, including automobiles, computers, industrial control systems, cell phones, and many others. The importance of these sensors, however, contrasts with the limited information available. Many recent advances in miniaturization, smart sensor configurations, and networkable sensor technology have led to design changes and a need for reliable information. Most of the technical information on Hall effect sensors is supplied by sensor manufacturers and is slanted toward a particular product line. System design and control engineers need an independent, readable source of practical design information and technical details that is not product- or manufacturer-specific and that shows how Hall effect sensors work, how to interface to them, and how to apply them in a variety of uses. This book covers:• the physics behind Hall effect sensors• Hall effect transducers• transducer interfacing• integrated Hall effect sensors and how to interface to them• sensing techniques using Hall effect sensors• application-specific sensor ICs• relevant development and design toolsThis second edition is expanded and updated to reflect the latest advances in Hall effect devices and applications! Information about various sensor technologies is scarce, scattered and hard to locate. Most of it is either too theoretical for working engineers, or is manufacturer literature that can’t be entirely trusted. Engineers and engineering managers need a comprehensive, up-to-date, and accurate reference to use when scoping out their designs incorporating Hall effect sensors. * A comprehensive, up-to-date reference to use when crafting all kinds of designs with Hall effect sensors*Replaces other information about sensors that is too theoretical, too biased toward one particular manufacturer, or too difficult to locate*Highly respected and influential author in the burgeoning sensors community
Author: R.S. Popovic Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420034227 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 430
Book Description
This is the second edition of a very popular 1991 book describing the physics and technology of semiconductor electronic devices exploiting the Hall effect. These are magnetic field sensitive devices such as Hall elements, magnetoresistors, and magnetotransistors. Hall effect devices are commonly used as magnetic field sensors and as means for char
Author: R.S. Popovic Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780750308557 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
This is the second edition of a very popular 1991 book describing the physics and technology of semiconductor electronic devices exploiting the Hall effect. These are magnetic field sensitive devices such as Hall elements, magnetoresistors, and magnetotransistors. Hall effect devices are commonly used as magnetic field sensors and as means for characterizing semiconductors. The book provides a clear analysis of the relationship between the basic physical phenomena in solids, the appropriate materials characteristics, and the characteristics of Hall effect devices. Particular emphasis is placed on important developments inspired and made possible by recent advances in microelectronics. A special feature of the book is its broad scope. The book provides physical basics of Hall effect devices, clear guidelines for the design of practical Hall elements, detailed descriptions of the best interface electronic circuits, examples of the most successful industrial products in the field, and interesting examples of their applications.
Author: Pavel Ripka Publisher: Artech House ISBN: 1630817430 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 416
Book Description
This completely updated second edition of an Artech House classic covers industrial applications and space and biomedical applications of magnetic sensors and magnetometers. With the advancement of smart grids, renewable energy resources, and electric vehicles, the importance of electric current sensors increased, and the book has been updated to reflect these changes. Integrated fluxgate single-chip magnetometers are presented. GMR sensors in the automotive market, especially for end-of-shaft angular sensors, are included, as well as Linear TMR sensors. Vertical Hall sensors and sensors with integrated ferromagnetic concentrators are two competing technologies, which both brought 3-axial single-chip Hall ICs, are considered. Digital fluxgate magnetometers for both satellite and ground-based applications are discussed. All-optical resonant magnetometes, based on the Coherent Population Trapping effect, has reached approval in space, and is covered in this new edition of the book. Whether you're an expert or new to the field, this unique resource offers you a thorough overview of the principles and design of magnetic sensors and magnetometers, as well as guidance in applying specific devices in the real world. The book covers both multi-channel and gradiometric magnetometer systems, special problems such as cross-talk and crossfield sensitivity, and comparisons between different sensors and magnetometers with respect to various application areas. Miniaturization and the use of new materials in magnetic sensors are also discussed. A comprehensive list of references to journal articles, books, proceedings and webpages helps you find additional information quickly.
Author: Richard A Dunlap Publisher: Morgan & Claypool Publishers ISBN: 1643276905 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
The transport of electric charge through most materials is well described in terms of their electronic band structure. The present book deals with two cases where the charge transport in a solid is not described by the simple band structure picture of the solid. These cases are related to the phenomena of the quantum Hall effect and superconductivity. Part I of this book deals with the quantum Hall effect, which is a consequence of the behavior of electrons in solids when they are constrained to move in two dimensions. Part II of the present volume describes the behavior of superconductors, where electrons are bound together in Cooper pairs and travel through a material without resistance.
Author: C. Chien Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475713673 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 550
Book Description
In 1879, while a graduate student under Henry Rowland at the Physics Department of The Johns Hopkins University, Edwin Herbert Hall discovered what is now universally known as the Hall effect. A symposium was held at The Johns Hopkins University on November 13, 1979 to commemorate the lOOth anniversary of the discovery. Over 170 participants attended the symposium which included eleven in vited lectures and three speeches during the luncheon. During the past one hundred years, we have witnessed ever ex panding activities in the field of the Hall effect. The Hall effect is now an indispensable tool in the studies of many branches of condensed matter physics, especially in metals, semiconductors, and magnetic solids. Various components (over 200 million!) that utilize the Hall effect have been successfully incorporated into such devices as keyboards, automobile ignitions, gaussmeters, and satellites. This volume attempts to capture the important aspects of the Hall effect and its applications. It includes the papers presented at the symposium and eleven other invited papers. Detailed coverage of the Hall effect in amorphous and crystalline metals and alloys, in magnetic materials, in liquid metals, and in semiconductors is provided. Applications of the Hall effect in space technology and in studies of the aurora enrich the discussions of the Hall effect's utility in sensors and switches. The design and packaging of Hall elements in integrated circuit forms are illustrated.
Author: Tapash Chakraborty Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642971016 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 186
Book Description
The experimental discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) at the end of 1981 by Tsui, Stormer and Gossard was absolutely unexpected since, at this time, no theoretical work existed that could predict new struc tures in the magnetotransport coefficients under conditions representing the extreme quantum limit. It is more than thirty years since investigations of bulk semiconductors in very strong magnetic fields were begun. Under these conditions, only the lowest Landau level is occupied and the theory predicted a monotonic variation of the resistivity with increasing magnetic field, depending sensitively on the scattering mechanism. However, the ex perimental data could not be analyzed accurately since magnetic freeze-out effects and the transitions from a degenerate to a nondegenerate system complicated the interpretation of the data. For a two-dimensional electron gas, where the positive background charge is well separated from the two dimensional system, magnetic freeze-out effects are barely visible and an analysis of the data in the extreme quantum limit seems to be easier. First measurements in this magnetic field region on silicon field-effect transistors were not successful because the disorder in these devices was so large that all electrons in the lowest Landau level were localized. Consequently, models of a spin glass and finally of a Wigner solid were developed and much effort was put into developing the technology for improving the quality of semi conductor materials and devices, especially in the field of two-dimensional electron systems.
Author: Jacob Fraden Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 0387216049 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 596
Book Description
Seven years have passed since the publication of the previous edition of this book. During that time, sensor technologies have made a remarkable leap forward. The sensitivity of the sensors became higher, the dimensions became smaller, the sel- tivity became better, and the prices became lower. What have not changed are the fundamental principles of the sensor design. They are still governed by the laws of Nature. Arguably one of the greatest geniuses who ever lived, Leonardo Da Vinci, had his own peculiar way of praying. He was saying, “Oh Lord, thanks for Thou do not violate your own laws. ” It is comforting indeed that the laws of Nature do not change as time goes by; it is just our appreciation of them that is being re?ned. Thus, this new edition examines the same good old laws of Nature that are employed in the designs of various sensors. This has not changed much since the previous edition. Yet, the sections that describe the practical designs are revised substantially. Recent ideas and developments have been added, and less important and nonessential designs were dropped. Probably the most dramatic recent progress in the sensor technologies relates to wide use of MEMS and MEOMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems and micro-electro-opto-mechanical systems). These are examined in this new edition with greater detail. This book is about devices commonly called sensors. The invention of a - croprocessor has brought highly sophisticated instruments into our everyday lives.
Author: R.S. Popovic Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9780750300964 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 334
Book Description
Hall Effect Devices: Magnetic Sensors and Characterization of Semiconductors focuses on electron devices whose principle of operation is based on the classical Hall effect, and are used mainly as magnetic sensors and as means for characterizing semiconductors. Examples of these devices include Hall plates, magnetotransistors, and magnetodiodes. The book provides a self-contained description of the galvanomagnetic phenomena and modern device physics of Hall elements and related devices. It discusses the main concepts and physical principles of interface electronics, and carefully selected examples illustrate the arguments and provide a picture of the state of the art. The book also covers advances in the field, in particular the most important developments inspired by the progress in microelectronics. Hall Effect Devices serves as a useful reference for postgraduate engineers and scientists involved in the research and development of magnetic sensors as well as for those who apply the Hall effect as a means of exploring the basic electronic properties of solids or for characterizing semiconductor materials.
Author: Edward Ramsden
Author: Edward Ramsden
Author: R.S. Popovic
Author: R.S. Popovic
Author: Pavel Ripka
Author: Richard A Dunlap
Author: C. Chien
Author: Tapash Chakraborty
Author: Gunther M. Diefes
Author: Jacob Fraden
Author: R.S. Popovic