Habitat Selection, Reproductive Success, and Impaling Patterns of a Migratory Population of Loggerhead Shrikes PDF Download

Author: Jeffery D. Esely
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lanius
Languages : en
Pages : 96

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Author: Nicholas Ryan Peterson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Loggerhead shrike
Languages : en
Pages : 118

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Loggerhead Shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus) have been declining in the United States since the 1960s, and in Kentucky they declined by 9.6% from 1980-2003. Suggested causes for their decline include eggshell thinning due to DDT exposure, loss of suitable habitat, low reproductive success, and competition with exotic species in parts of their range. None of these, however, have provided a definitive reason for the decline. The objective of my study was to examine the reproductive success of Loggerhead Shrikes in central Kentucky and to determine the possible effect of habitat availability and suitability on the abundance and reproductive success of Loggerhead Shrikes. Shrikes were studied from 15 March-30 September 2005 in Madison and Garrard counties, Kentucky, and breeding adults were fitted with radio transmitters so that I could measure their territory sizes. Additionally, I measured nest-level and territory-level habitat characteristics and I also monitored active nests to assess reproductive success. Lastly, hunting behaviors and habitats were recorded. Mean territory (N = 12) size was 9.0 ha and nests (N = 18) were most often located in Eastern red cedar, Osage orange, and multiflora rose. Nest-level habitat characteristics of used and unused sites differed, with the percentage of bare ground and vegetation height within 10 m of nests being the best discriminating variables between such sites. there were no differences between the habitat characteristics of successful and unsuccessful nests, or between used and unused territories. Shrikes most often caught prey that were identified as arthopods and usually hunted from linear man-made structures such as fencelines and utility wires. Reproductive success was low in my study, with 50% of nests failing and only 42.8% of eggs resulting in fledglings. The availability of suitable breeding habitat does not appear to be a limiting factor in central Kentucky Loggerhead Shrikes populations, though low reproductive success prior to fledging may be a limiting factor. Low reproductive success of Loggerhead Shrikes in central Kentucky may be a result of recent increases in local avian and mammalian predators. Loggerhead Shrike management should focus on ensuring that nesting habitat is available in habitats that are not foraging corridors for mammalian predators (i.e., non-linear habitats), and Shrikes may also benefit from a hand-rearing program that increases the yearly production of young.

Author: William C. Olson (M.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bird populations
Languages : en
Pages : 54

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The characteristics of shrike nest sites, territories, and hunting perches were analyzed and compared to those of apparently suitable, but unoccupied sites and areas and unused perches. Multivariate analysis revealed no significant differences between used and unused nest sites, territories, and perches (P > 0.19), suggesting that availability of suitable breeding and foraging habitat is likely not contributing to the decline of Loggerhead Shrike populations in central Kentucky. Additional information is needed concerning adult and fledgling mortality, prey abundance, and winter habitat use to provide further insight into factors contributing to the decline in populations of Loggerhead Shrikes.

Author: Linda D. Poole
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Shrikes
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Author: Dale Edward Gawlik
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : American kestrel
Languages : en
Pages : 102

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 492

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"Education, arts and social sciences, natural and technical sciences in the United States and Canada".

Author: Emily Rose Donahue
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Loggerhead shrike
Languages : en
Pages : 92

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As intensive agriculture has transformed much of the landscape across central North America, many grassland species have had to learn to adjust these new, highly homogeneous habitats while facing steep population declines. The Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus; hereinafter shrike) is one such declining species that persists in these agricultural landscapes. However, we lack information on the sustainability of these populations, and shrike non-breeding ecology, as for most passerines, remains understudied. Specifically, little is known about non-breeding behavior, diet, survival, site fidelity, and habitat selection. If survival, space use, and habitat selection metrics differ between demographic groups within non-breeding populations also remains unknown. To fill these gaps, we conducted behavioral and diet surveys and banded and monitored shrikes in NE Arkansas from 2016-2019. Our efforts give insights into the foraging strategies and winter requirements of LOSH while investigating demographic partitioning and potential consequences in a partial migrant species.

Author: Norbert Lefranc
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 1472933788
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 337

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'This long-awaited update to the acclaimed first edition is the definitive guide to a complex and intriguing family. The species accounts and taxonomic treatments have been fully revised in line with recent studies, and the all-new plates and photos complete this remarkable work. Highly recommended.' – Dominic Mitchell Beautiful, colourful, often fearless hunters of large insects and small vertebrates, shrikes are among the most admired of all avian groups. The group is widespread (particularly in the Old World) with a large number of species, though many populations have plummeted in recent years, especially in Europe. This is a second edition of Norbert Lefranc's Shrikes, fully updated from its 1997 predecessor. The introductory texts have been significantly expanded and six new sections have been added in the species accounts: vagrancy, foraging behaviour, breeding success, population trends, conservation and taxonomic notes. Special attention has been given to the latest developments in shrike systematics, not forgotten by the DNA revolution. The species accounts give information about the past and current distribution, along with threats and conservation status. Detailed and fully revised maps accompany the authoritative text, along with hundreds of high-quality photos showcasing racial and ageing differences as well as interesting aspects of shrike behaviour. An exceptional new series of plates by Tim Worfolk have been created, with more individual plumages shown than in the previous edition. This beautiful book represents the definitive account of shrikes and their relationships, appearance, conservation and lifestyle; it will be treasured by birdwatchers and professional ornithologists alike.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 630

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Author: Stephen B. Vander Wall
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 9780226847344
Category : Pets
Languages : en
Pages : 10

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Book Description
In this first comprehensive synthesis of the literature on food hoarding in animals, Stephen B. Vander Wall discusses how animals store food, how they use food and how this use affects individual fitness, why and how food hoarding evolved, how cached food is lost, mechanisms for protecting and recovering cached food, physiological and behavioral factors that influence hoarding, and the impact that hoarding animals have on plant populations and plant dispersal. He then provides detailed coverage of hoarding behavior across taxa—mammals, birds, and arthropods—to address issues in evolution, ecology, and behavior. Drawings, photographs, and appendixes document complex and intrinsically interesting food-hoarding behaviors, and the bibliography of nearly 1,500 sources is itself an invaluable and unique reference.